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1、1 初中英语动词短语整理初中英语常用介词短语agree with同意prefer to更喜欢wait for等待correspond with each other互相通信account for说明(原因)object to反对surprised at感到惊讶reply to his letter给他回信attend to照顾,注意exchange sth. for sth. 用某物换取某物occur to想到arrive at到达be shocked at感到震惊comply with遵照,遵守cope with处理mention to向提起pay for付钱unprepared for没有
2、准备的blame sb. for sth. 为某事责备某人di thankfor感谢sguested with对感到厌恶stare at盯着看satified with对感到满意amount to总计为mixwith 与混合knock at敲belong to属于reason with以理说服listen to听accustomed to习惯于part with离开call for需要surrender to向投降condemned to 判刑look for寻找see to留意,负责apologize for因而道歉respond to对作出响应turn to sb. for向某人请求qua
3、rrel with争吵hope for希望apply to申请,请求attach to附属于guess at猜测work at从事begin with以开始charge for收费come to my office到我办公室来sailed out of/from the harbour驶出港口climbed(up)to the top of 爬到的顶部aimed at the bird瞄准那只鸟prepare for为作准备put out the fire把火扑灭look up查阅,查寻catch up with赶上pay back 偿还(借款)make a promise许下诺言make a
4、 speech发表演说do very good business生意做得好make difference有差别, 有所不同do ones homework写作业make trouble惹是生非miss the bus误了汽车come loose 松了expect sb. to do sth.期待某人做某事lose your money丢钱,输钱wait at some place在某地等待1)at once 立刻2)at last 最后3)at first 起先,首先4)at the age of 在岁时5)at the end of 在之末6)at the beginning of 在之初7
5、)at the foot of 在脚下8)at the same time 同时9)at night/noon 在夜里 /中午10)with ones help 在某人的帮助下,由于某人的帮助11)with the help of 在的帮助下12)with a smile 面带笑容13)with ones own eyes 亲眼看见14)after a while 过了一会儿15)from now on 从现在起16)from then on 从那时起17)far example 例如18)far away from 远离19)from morning till night 从早到晚20)by
6、 and by 不久21)by air mail 寄航空邮件2)by bike/air/train/bus 骑自行车 /乘飞机 /火车 /汽车23)by ordinary mail 寄平信24)by the way 顺便说25)by the window 在窗边26)by the end of 到底为止27)little by little 逐渐地8)in all 总共29)in fact 事实上30)in ones twenties 在某人二十几岁时31)in a hurry 匆忙32)in the middle of 在中间33)in no time (in a minute) 立刻,很快
7、34)in time (on time) 及时35)in public 公众,公开地36)in order to 为了37)in front of 在前面38)in the sun 在阳光下39)in the end 最后,终于40)in surprise 惊奇地41)in turn 依次42)of course 当然43)a bit (of) 有一点儿44)a lot of 许多45)a little 一点儿46)on ones way to 某人在去的路上47)on foot 步行,走路48)a talk on space 一个关于太空的报告49)on the other hand 另一方
8、面50)at/on the weekend 在周末51)on the left (right) 在左 (右 )边52)on the other side of 在另一边精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 21 页 - - - - - - - - - - 2 53)on the radio 通过收音机 (无线电广播 ) 54)to ones joy 使高兴的是55)to ones surprise 使惊讶的是初中课本中常见介词短语分类列举1.表示时间的介词及介词短语in, at, o
9、n, before,after,till ,since,for, from to, until , by, in the middle of,at the beginning of, at the end of,at half past five ,at night,in a week,in the morning ,in class,at sunrise, in spring/summer/autumn/winter ,on Sunday, on Saturday afternoon, on a winter evening ,for a long time ,for two months,
10、after school,since liberation ,before lunch,at the time of,at the age of。2.表示地点的介词及介词短语in,at,into,to,on,beside,before,behind, above, under, outside, inside, up, from, far, from, near, across ,off , down, among, past,between, out of,around, in the front of, in the middle of , at the back of,at the fo
11、ot of,at home,at the gate, at the table, in the sky, on the ground,in a tree, in the south,in the sun,in the bed,on ones way home,by the side of。3.介词和各类词搭配构成的介词短语1).介词与动词搭配arrive inat 到达ask for 要,请求do well in 在方面做得好give in 投降 go on 继续hear from 收到来信hear of 听说helps B.with sth. 帮助做laugh at 嘲笑 learn fro
12、m 向学leave fortalk to 与谈话go in for 从事,put up 穿上,挂上take down 拿下,look at(有意识地) 看 speak tosend forshout at 大声叫take away 拿走,带走think ofturn into 把变成wait for 等候,take offturn onofflisten to听 look afterlook for 寻找 look like get to 到达 point to fill with充满,装满begin withdealdo with 处置,meet withpass on传递belong to
13、write to 写信给call ondie of死于depend on 依靠,依赖smile at向微笑believe in 信任look out 向四下看,到处看2).介词与名词搭配in time 及时 in bed 卧床in life 一生中on time 准时,按时in front of 在前面on foot 步行by bus 乘公共汽车at home 在家in English 用英语in the middle 在中间at night 在晚上at noon在中午at hospital 在医院with a smile 带着微笑of course 当然(可以)in a hurry 匆忙,急
14、忙in a minute 一会儿by the way 顺便说说问问at first 首先,起初at last 最后,终于at the meeting 在会上at least至少on ones way to 在的路上in the sun 在阳光下 in a tree 在树上in surprise 惊奇地at once 立刻,马上at the foot of 在脚下at all 压根儿at dinner 在吃正餐at the table 在桌子旁at work 在工作at school 在学校at the back of在后面at the beginning of 在开始at the end of
15、 在结尾at the same time 同时,然而by hand 用手,手工,亲手by the end of 到结束时by train 乘火车 day by day 日复一日one by one 一个接一个by spaceship 乘坐宇宙飞船in a low voice 大声地in a word 总而言之,一句话in trouble 处于困境in fact 事实上in the street 在街上in the end 最后,终于in space 在空间in no time 立刻,很快in order 按顺序,整齐,正常in order to 为了,以便in the day 在白天in li
16、ne 成一直线 in a short while 不久in all 总共,总计in town 在城里in silence 不作声out of breath 上气不接下气out of sight 消失,看不见on duty 值日on the left right 在左右边on the one handon the other hand一方面另一方面on the other side of 在的另一边on top of 在顶上in the distance在远处in public 当众,公开地out of work 失业on the radio 通过无线电广播to this day 直到今天to
17、ones surprise/joy 使某人吃惊 /高兴3)介词与形容词、过去分词和动词等搭配be born in 出生于 be good at 擅长be made of 由制成be angry with s B. 对某人生气be angry at sth. 为某事生气be pleased with s B. 对某人感到满意精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 21 页 - - - - - - - - - - 3 be satisfied with sth. 对某事感到满意be sur
18、prised at 对感到惊奇/诧异be tired of 讨厌厌倦be interested in 对感兴趣be proud of 以为自豪 /骄傲be full of 充满take catch hold of 抓住be sure of 确信take part in 参加break into 闯入take care of照顾,关心,保管be busy with 忙于be strict with 对严格要求catch up with 跟上,赶上have nothing to do with 与无关go to school 上学 go to bedsleep睡觉give a lesson to
19、给上课go to the cinema 去看电影be kind to s B. 对某人友好say hello to 向问好look forward to 盼望,期待keep out of 不让进入go on strike 罢工be used to习惯于4.看似相同,但意义有别的词组英语中有一些介词词组和动词词组,它们从形式上看似乎基本相同,但在意义上却截然不同。要是我们在记忆上对这类词组不加以重视,使用时就很容易望文生义,甚至张冠李戴。为此,把这类词组归纳如下:1).介词词组(1) at table 在进餐at the table 在桌子旁( =beside the desk)(2) at d
20、esk 在读书或做作业at the desk 在书桌旁(3) at school 在校上学 (指学生)at the school 在学校(指教职工)(4) in front of the bus 在公共汽车的前面(不在车上)in the front of the bus在公共汽车的前部 (在车上)(5) at sea在航海中at the sea在海边(6) by day 白天by the day 按日,论日(7) behind time 误期behind the time 落后于时代(8) in class 在上课,在课内in the class在这个班(9) in bed 卧床,在睡觉in
21、the bed在床上(10) in prison 坐牢in the prison 在监狱(11) in red 穿着红色的衣服in the red 负债,亏损(12) in hospital 住院(指病人)in the hospital(因事)在医院(13) in office 在办公,执政in the office 在办公室(14) in secret 秘密,私下in the secret参入秘密,参入阴谋(15) in place of 代替,而不是in the place of 在地方(16) in case of 万一,如果in the case of就来说,至于(17) of age
22、 成年人of an age 同龄人(18) out of office 离职out of the office 离开办公室(19) out of prison (因犯罪)出狱out of the prison(因事) 从监狱出来(20) out of question 毫无疑问out of the question 不可能,办不到2).含有介词的动词词组(1) come out of hospital (病好) 出院come out of the hospital (因事)从医院里出来(2) come out of prison (刑满)释放come out of the prison (因事
23、)从监狱里出来(3) go to school 去上学go to the school(因事)去学校(4) go to college 上大学go to the/a college 去一所学校(办事)(5) go to bed 上床睡觉go to the bed去床边(6) go to hospital 去住院go to the hospital(因事)去医院(7) go to prison 去坐牢go to the prison(因事)去监狱(8) go to sea 当海员go to the sea去海边(9) go to court 起诉go to the court(因事)去法庭(10
24、) go to church 做礼拜go to the church(因事)去教堂(11) keep house管理家务keep the house 守在家里(12) take place 发生take the place代替3).有无冠词, 意义无多大区别的介词词组(1)at(the)most 至多(2)at(the)first 起初(3)all(the)day 整天(4)catch(a)cold 感冒(5)in(the)future 将来(6)in(the)memory of纪念(7)go to(the)office 上班,去办公室(8)go to(the)market 赶集,去市场(9)
25、on(a)holiday 在度假(10)(the)day before yesterday 前天(11)(the)most of 大多数(12)with(a)smiling face 面带微笑1. break break down 破坏,出毛病,拆开break off 暂停,中断break in破门而入,打断break into破门而入,突然起来break out 爆发break away from打破陈规; 奋力挣脱;放弃习惯break through 出现,突破break up 打碎,拆散,分裂、分解2. call call at a place (车船等 )停靠 ;到某地拜访。精品资料
26、- - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 21 页 - - - - - - - - - - 4 call away 叫走,叫开 ; 转移 (注意力等 ) 。call back唤回 ; 回电话 ; call for需要,要求call for sth (sb) 喊着叫某人来,喊着叫人取来某物call in 叫进, 请进 ; 找来, 请来 ;来访;收回call off取消 ; 叫走,转移开call (up)on sb 拜访或看望某人call sb sth 为某人叫某物call (up)on sb to
27、do sth 叫( 请)某人做某事call up 给打电话 ; 想起,回忆起 ; 召集,应召入伍call out 大喊,高叫 ; 叫出去3. comecome down 下跌, 落,降,传下来come in 进来come out 出版,结果是come on 来临 / 快点come along 一道来,赶快come over 走过来come up 发芽,走近come back 回来come from 来自,源自4. cutcut down 砍倒,削减cut up 连根拔除,切碎5. diedie of 死于(疾病,饥饿,寒冷,情感原因)die from 死于(外界原因)die out 绝种6.
28、fall fall behind 落后fall down 掉下,跌倒fall into 落入;陷入fall off 从。掉下fall out 与。争吵7. go go along 沿着。走go through 通过,经受go over 复习,检查go up(价格)上涨,建造起来go against 违反go away 离开go by 时间过去go down 降低,(日、月)西沉go on(with) 继续进行go out 外出,熄灭go off 发出响声8. getget down 下来,记下,使沮丧get on 进展,进步,穿上,上车get off 脱下 ,下车get away 逃跑,逃脱,
29、去休假get over 克服,从疾病中恢复get along with 进展,相处get up 起床get into (trouble) 陷入困境中get back 取回,收回get out 出去get to 到达。9. givegive away 赠送,泄露,出卖give out 发出,疲劳,分发,give in (to sb.) 屈服give up 放弃,让(座位)10. handhand in 交上,提交hand out 分发11.holdhold on to 继续,坚持hold up 举起,使停顿hold on 别挂电话,等,坚持12. keep keep up with 跟上keep
30、 out 不使。进入keep from 克制,阻止keep away from 避开,不接近,keep on 继续,坚持下来keep down 使。处于低水平13.knock knock at/on 敲knock into 撞到某人身上14. looklook up 查找,向上看look through 翻阅,浏览look after/ at / for 照顾 /看/寻找look out(for) 当心look about / around/round 四下查看look forward to 盼望15. makemake up 编造,打扮,组成make into / of / from 制成1
31、6.pass pass by经过pass down(on) to传给17. paypay back 还钱,报复pay for 付钱,因 得到报应18. pickpick up 拾起,接人,站起,收听,pick out 挑选,辨认,看出19. put put up 张贴,举起,put out 伸出,扑灭put off 推迟put into 放进,翻译put away 放好,存钱put down 记下,平息put on 穿戴,上映,put aside 放到一边put back 放回21. runrun after 追逐,追捕run away 逃跑run off 跑掉,迅速离开run out of
32、用完22. setset up 建立set off 激起,引起23. taketake after 与相像take off 脱掉,起飞take away 拿走take up 从事,占用(时间空间)take down 记录,取下take back 收回take pride in 以 为自豪 , take the place of 代替24. thinkthink of 想起,考虑,对看法精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 21 页 - - - - - - - - - - 5 thin
33、k out (自然)想出办法think up 想出(设计出、发明、编造)think about 考虑think over 仔细考虑25. turn turn off / on 打开turn to 翻到,转向,求助turn down 调低,拒绝turn back 返回,转回去turn round 转过身来turn up 向上翻,出现,音量调大26. care care about 担心,关心;在乎,介意care for 关心,关怀,照顾27. clean clean up 把打扫干净,把 收拾整齐clean out 清除;把 打扫干净28.learn learn about 获悉,得知,认识到l
34、earn from 从 /向。学习29. fight fight for. 争取获得 fight against 争取克服、战胜fight with 与。搏斗/战斗30. dream dream of 梦想,想橡dream about 梦到。31. work work for 为。工作work out 产生结果;发展;成功32. argue argue with 与。争论argue about.争论。33. complain complain to 向。抱怨complain about 抱怨。34. hear hear of 听说,得知hear about 听到。的事, 听到。的话hear f
35、rom 接到。的信35. talk talk about 讨论。talk with/to. 和。讨论36. live live in 住在。live on 以。为主食37. stand stand out 突显,引人注目stand up 起立,站起来38.其它常用词组wake up 醒,唤醒,弄醒stay up 不睡觉;熬夜depend on 依靠;取决于worry about 为。担忧laugh at 嘲笑。begin with 以。开始mix up 混合、搀和major in 主修grow up 成长open up 打开,张开;开发end up 到达或来到某处;达到某状态throw awa
36、y 丢弃。ask for 要求。 。 。wait for 等待。 。agree with 同意。 。 。find out (经研究或询问)获知某事send out 发出,放出,射出search for 搜索,搜查chop down 砍到have. on 穿着。 。 。step out of 跨步走出drop out of 从。 。 。掉出happen to 发生在。 。belong to 属于arrive in /at 到达。 。try on 试穿。 。 。vote on 对。 。 。进行投票strech out 伸展。 。hang out 闲逛leave for 离开前往sell out 卖
37、完、售完show up 出席;露面1.make sure 确定;2.find out 弄清楚;3.turn off 关掉 (灯、 水龙头、煤气等 );4.turn on 打开;5.follow one s instruction 听某人的指点;e about 产生 (近义词 come into being; give birth to); 7.ask-for- 向-要/请求;8.change into 变成;9.explain sth to sb 想某人解释;10.have a good trip 旅途愉快;11.tie-to 把-系到 -上;12.take off 起飞;脱掉; (反义词la
38、nd .v 着陆 );13.be made from 用-制成 (看不出原材料 );be made of(看得出原材料 );be made into 被制成;14.get to 到达 =reach=arrive in/at; 15.break the rule 违反规定;16.knock down 撞倒,拆除;17.carry away 使入迷,冲走;18.cover with 用 -覆盖;19.begin/start with 以-开始;20.make fun of 取笑某人;21.write to 给-写信;22.pick up 拾起,接收,接送;23.give advice 提出建议;2
39、4.go with 与- 相配;25.set free 释放;26.break a way from 摆脱;27.join up 联合;28.be against反对;29.be for 支持;30.be tired of sth/doing sth 对 -厌烦;31.get along/on with- 进展得 -;32.take lies 说谎;33.take exercise锻炼;34.look out/be careful/take care 当心;35.break out 爆发;36.get burnt 被烧伤;37.escape from 逃跑;38.worry about 为-而
40、担忧;39.lose ones life 牺牲;40.collect money for 为-捐钱;41.belong to 属于;42.look well 看起来气色不错;精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 21 页 - - - - - - - - - - 6 43.call on sb 拜访某人;44.try on 试穿;45.pay back 偿还;46.lose ones job 失业;47.sound like 听起来像;48.keep record 保持纪录;e acr
41、oss 偶然碰见;50.cut down 减少 ; 51.make progress 取得进步;52.be forced/obliged/made to 被迫;53.go on to do sth 接着做另一件不同的事情;54.go on doing 接着做同一件事情;55.keep on doing sth 继续作某事;56.be sure of/about sth 确信,肯定;57.translate-into- 把-译成;58.colse with 以-结束;59.be puzzled 感到迷惑不解;60.be separated by被- 所分离;61.separate-from 把-
42、和-分隔开来;62.die of 死于 (病、情感、饥寒、年老等身体内部原因);die from 死于(受伤、事故、严寒等身体外部原因);63.keep in touch with 保持联系;lose touch with 失去联系;64.lead/live a -life过着 -的生活;65.play a part/role in 起-的作用,扮演 -的角色;66.be fond of 喜欢;67.get together 聚会、聚欢;68.feel like doing 想要做;69.date from 始于、 起源于、追溯到;70.be marked with 被标上、 标明有;71.m
43、ake every effort 尽力;72.be busy doing sth 忙于;73.research into 研究、分析;74.hang up 挂断电话、悬挂;75.knock-out of- 把-从-中敲出来、淘汰;76.point out 指出、说明;77.turn over 打翻;78.go against 违背、违反;79.give a talk 做报告;80.send out分发;81.ring up 给-打电话;82.get through 拨电话、 完成、 通过;83.hold on 别挂断;1.be surprised at 对-感到惊讶;2.be lucky to
44、 碰巧;3.make up 编造、弥补;4.be an expert on/in 在 -方面是专家;5.burn down 把-调小,拒绝;6.have/take a look at 看一看;7.get sth with sb 随身携带;8.have difficulty/trouble (in)doing sth做某事有困难;9.have the idea of 有- 的念头;10.provide sb with sth/ provide sth for sb 给- 提供 -;11.supply sb with sth/supply sth to sb把-供给;e to 大道,共计;13.h
45、ave no luck/bad luck 运气不好;14.be well-known as 以-身份而闻名;15.be pleased with 对-感到满意;16.join the line/queue 排队;17.go on a visit to 去 -参观;18.be angry with sb 对某人生气;19.get a wonderful view 获得很好的视角;20.work by=controlled by由-控制;21.burn sth down 烧毁、烧塌;pare-to/with 同- 相比;23.give up 放弃;24.carry out 实施;25.take t
46、he drug 服药;26.be/get used to 习惯于;27.call for 需要;28.stop/keep/prevent sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事;29.put up 张贴,住宿; 30.take-for example 以-为例;31.shake hands with 与-握手;32.get ready for 为-做好准备;33.put up ones hand举手34.look up 查看;35.take pictures/photos of 照相;36.hand sth to sb将某物地给某人;37.develop the films/pho
47、tos 冲洗胶卷/相片;38.be popular with sb 受某人欢迎;39.fill in 填;40.keep up with 保持与 -同样的速度;41.put on 船上、表演;42.be uncertain about 对-没有把握;43.be honoured for 因为 - 而获得赞誉;44.pick up 采集、拾起;45.run after 追赶、追求;46.bring up 培养,教育;47.be on show 在展出;48.make contributions to 为-做出贡献;49.think of 象棋、考虑;50.fill-with把-里面放满 -;51
48、.make use of 利用;52.offer sb a lift home 捎带某人回家;53.clear up=tidy up 整理、收拾;54.ought to 应该;55.take it easy 别紧张;56.give first aid 实施急救;57.hold up 阻挡;e to 恢复知觉;59.have a day off 休假一天;60.be present出席;61.die out 灭绝;62.cause damage to对-造成损坏;63.give back 归还;64.put sb to the trouble of doing sth麻烦某人做某事;65.apo
49、logize to sb for (doing) sth 因某事向某人道歉;66.be after 寻求;67.get off 脱下;68.depend on 依靠、相信69.put down 记下;70.do up 系紧;精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 21 页 - - - - - - - - - - 7 e off 从- 脱落;72.be suitable for 适合;73.be anxious about 为-而忧虑;74.wash away 冲走;75.press a
50、gainst ones foot 挤脚;76.be likely to do 很有可能;77.get everything back to normal 是一切恢复正常;78.push over 推倒; 79.wake up 醒来;80.bring down 使倒下;81.cut off 切断;82.call in 召集;83.cut through 剪断、穿过;84.take the place of 代替;85.see to 照料、注意;86.make noise 吵闹、发出嘈杂声;87.stare at凝视;88.bend over 俯身于 -的前方;89.fall over 跌倒;90