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1、名师精编优秀资料初中英语被动语态讲解英语动词有两种语态： 主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。一、被动语态的构成英语动词的被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。助动词be 必须与主语的人称和数量保持一致，并有时态的变化。例如： The man was fooled by the two boys. The book has been translated into several languages. 二、被动语态的用法（1）动作的执行者不知道是谁或难以说明时常用被动语态。例如：Street lights are often turned
2、 on at six in winter. The new test book will be used next term. （2）当动作的承受者比起动作的执行者来说更能引起人们的关心而需要加以强调时，要用被动语态。例如：This kind of bicycle is not sold in our shop. The thief was caught by a policeman yesterday. （3）含有双宾语的句子，主动句中的间接宾语或者直接宾语都可变为被动语态中的一个主语，另一个保留不变。变为主语的若是主动句中的直接宾语在变为间接宾语前则需加介词 to 或 for。例如：The
3、 pianist gave the pupils(间接宾语 )some advice(直精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - 名师精编优秀资料接宾语 ) The pupils were given some advice by the pianist.Some advice was given to the pupils by the pianist. (4)在主动语态句中动词make、have、let、see、watch、hear、f
4、eel 等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不定式不加 to。但变成被动语态时后面的不定式都须加上to。例如：The boss made them work ten hours a day. They were made to work ten hours a day. A boy saw him enter the house. He was seen to enter the house. 三、被动语态的时态初中英语教材中出现了五种时态 的被动语态及带有情态动词的被动语态。一般现在时构成：助动词be + 动词的过去分词例如： This kind of car is made in shang
5、hai. 一般过去时构成：助动词was/were + 动词的过去分词例如： The bridge was built in 1992. 现在进行时构成： be + being + 动词的过去分词例如： A new bridge is being built in my hometown. 过去进行时构成： was/were + being + 动词的过去分词精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - 名师精编优秀资料一般将来时构成： will
6、/be going to do + be + 动词的过去分词例如： These books are going to be posted tomorrow. 过去将来时构成：would/was(were )going to do + be + 动词的过去分词现在完成时构成：助动词have/has + been + 动词的过去分词例如： Has his work been finished? 过去完成时构成：助动词had + been + 动词的过去分词带有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 动词的过去分词例如： Can this walkman be repaired here? 主
7、动语态改为被动语态的步骤：主动语态中的 宾语变为被动语态句中的主语；主动语态句中的动词改为相应的被动语态；主动语态句中的主语变为被动语态句中by 的宾语 。主动语态句中的谓语动词带有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语时，转换方法有两种：把间接宾语转化为主语，保留直接宾语把直接宾语转化为主语，保留间接宾语。此时，一般需在间接宾语前加适当的介词（通常是介词for 或 to)。在短语 see sb. do sth. 中，动词 see后跟不带 to 的不定式精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 9
8、 页 - - - - - - - - - - 名师精编优秀资料作宾补。改为被动语态时要加上to。用于这一结构的谓语动词一般是表示知觉的动词如see, hear,watch,find等，以及使役动词make, let 等。第三节巩固练习.把下列主动语态改为被动语态: 1、We often use a recorder in our English class. 2、They will show a new film next week. 3、When did they build the house? 4、I saw the boy enter the room. 5、Will they sho
9、w a new film next week? 6、Have they posted the letter yet? 7、We often see him help his classmate. 8、You must turn off the light before you go to bed.9、Who is repairing the bike? 10、The student should learn all the texts by heart.答案 1. A recorder is often used in our English class. 2. A new film will
10、 be shown by then next week. 3. When was the house built by them? 4. The boy was seen to enter the room. 5. Will a new film be shown by them next week? 7. He is often seen to help his classmate. 8. The light must be turned off before you go to bed. 9. Who is the bike being repaired by? (By whom is t
11、he bike being repaired?) 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - 名师精编优秀资料10. All the texts should be learned by heart by the students.选择填空 : 1. The reading room _ yesterday afternoon. A. cleaned B. is cleaned C. was cleaning D. was cleaned 2
12、. The workers were made _ ten hours a day. A. work B. to work C. working D. worked 3. Food _ in a cool place in summer. A. must keep B. mustn t keep C. must be kept D. mustn t be kept4. His father _ to work in Hong Kong 3 years ago . A. sent B. was sent C. has sent D. has been sent 5. The pen _ well
13、. A. writes 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - 名师精编优秀资料B. is written C. was written D. writing 6. Great changes _ in the town since 1988. A. have taken place B. have been taken place C. has taken place D. has been taken place 7. Our com
14、positions must _ next Monday. A. be hand in B. be handed in C. handed in D. be handing in 8. The child will _ back to his parents next month. A. sent B. send C. be sent D. be sending 9. _ his work _ yet? A. have been finished B. has been finishedC. has finished D. have finished精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - -
15、- - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - 名师精编优秀资料10. The classroom _ now.A. is cleaning B. is being cleaning C. is being cleaned D. is cleaned .用适当时态和语态的动词填空: 1、Can he _ (speak) English? 2、What language _ (speak) in that country? 3、 The film _ (show) many times si
16、nce last Sunday. 4、These TV sets _ (make) in Sichuan. 5、It has got so dark. Would you please _ (turn) on the light? 6、A new hospital _ (build) in this area now. 7、_ the book _ (return). 8.Rice_ (grow) in the south. 9、The window _ (not break) by the boy. 10、I _ (tell) he _ (not come) just now. 答案1. s
17、peak 2 is spoken 3. has been shown 4. are made 5. turn 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - 名师精编优秀资料6. is being built 7. Has returned 8. is grown 9. wasn t broken10. was told didn t come精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - 文档编码：KDHSIBDSUFVBSUDHSIDHSIBF-SDSD587FCDCVDCJUH 欢迎下载 精美文档欢迎下载 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - -