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1、Unit 5 The Conquest of the Universe 语言点编稿：王春霞 审稿：陈玉莲学习目标重点词汇describe, launch, permanent, patience, defeat, announce, consult, consistent, suppose, broad, intention重点短语in spite of, other than, be likely to do, be / become / get accustomed to (doing) sth.重点句型It is acknowledged thatMay+主语+动词原形！知识讲解重点词汇
2、describe【原句回放】He describes the experience as marvelous. 他认为这次的经历不可思议。【点拨】describe vt. 描写，描绘，叙述；形容，把说成常用搭配：describeas 把说成，描绘成Words cannot describe the beauty of the scene.语言难以描述那景色之美丽。He described in detail how the accident happened.他详细地叙述了事故是怎样发生的。He described himself as a doctor.他声称自己是医生。【拓展】descri
3、ption n. 描写，叙述，形容descriptive adj. 描写的，记述的；描述性的launch【原句回放】Nearly seven years after being launched, the Cassini space probe reaches Saturn. 发射之后经过大概7年时间，“卡西尼”太空探测器到达了土星。【点拨】launch vt. 发射，投掷，使升空，使(船)下水；vi. 开始，积极投入，猛力展开The coach taught us how to launch a javelin.教练教我们投标枪。The new ship was launched today
4、.新船今天下水了。Father and his partner launched into a new business.父亲与他的合伙人开办了一家新商号。permanent【原句回放】A permanent base for scientific research is set up on the Moon. 在月球上建立一个永久性的科学研究基地。【点拨】permanent adj. 永恒的，永远的，固定性的，常在的Nature is permanent. 自然是永恒的。This is my permanent address.这是我的固定地址。【拓展】temporary adj. 临时的，
5、暂时的，一时的；n. 临时工，临时雇员Ellen has got a temporary job.艾伦找到一份临时工作。She works in the office as a temporary.她在办公室做临时雇员。patience【原句回放】We didnt have much patience waiting for the launch. 我们迫不及待地等待着它起飞。【点拨】patience n. 耐心，忍耐，耐性，毅力常用搭配：with patience 耐心地Have patience! 忍耐一下!My patience! 口啊呀!啊!have no patience with
6、对不能容忍没有耐性Looking after children requires patience.照料孩子需要耐心。温馨提示:have patience doing sth. 有耐心做某事。类似的用法还有：have a good/bad time doing sth.，have fun doing sth.等。【拓展】patient adj. 有耐心的，能容忍的；n. 病人be patient of 能忍受be patient with 对有耐心The doctor is very patient with his patients.那位医师对病人十分有耐心。defeat【原句回放】This
7、 results in the defeat of the Jedi. 结果导致了杰迪共和国的失败。【点拨】defeat n. 失败，战败，挫折；战胜，击败；vt. 战胜，击败；使失败，挫败The French defeated the English troops.法国人打败了英国军队。Our hopes were defeated.我们的希望落空了。The aggressors were doomed to defeat.侵略者注定要失败。【拓展】易混辨析：win / defeat / beatwin：赢得、获得，后面往往跟类似于prize等的短语，比如：win a victory 获得胜
8、利/ a game/ a match/the race 比赛获胜/ a prize 获奖 the Oscar 获奥斯卡奖/ the war 战争获胜/ praises 获表扬/ a hundred pounds 获得一百镑/ her respect 赢得她的尊敬/ his friendship 获得他的友谊/ an election 赢得选举/ an argument 争论获胜/ five gold medals 获得五枚金牌。win sth. back 重新赢回；win sth from sb. 从某人手中赢得；win sb. over 把某人争取过来。beat：在比赛中“战胜、击败”对手，
9、可与defeat互换。beat还有“连续打击、心跳、敲鼓”等意思。比如：beat a drum 敲鼓；beat at the door 砸门。beat sb. to death 把某人打死。defeat：在比赛中“战胜、击败”对手；在战争中“战胜、击败”敌人。a narrow / heavy defeat 险胜、惨败；admit defeat 认输；face defeat 面临失败。beat / defeat sb. at +比赛项目by +比分差距/具体比分；具体比分表示为：6 to 4。in +赛事、轮次等。announce 【原句回放】.until the men jumped up a
10、nd announced they were going to get their guns and join in the defence at Grovervs Mill. 直到最后那些男人们跳起来，大声宣布他们要拿起枪支加入到保卫格罗弗磨房镇的战斗中去。【点拨】announce vt. 宣布，发布，声称They announced that she would give one extra song.他们宣布说她将再唱一首歌。The vote was completed. The chairman announced the result.投票完毕，主席宣布了结果。温馨提示:announ
11、cement n. 通告，通知，预告；宣告，宣布We were eager to hear the announcement of the winner of the race.我们急于想听到宣布赛跑优胜者名单。【拓展】易混辨析：announce / declareannounce更接近于汉语“公布”、“告知”的意思，它所涉及的是一件对方原来不知道的事。The accident was announced to his family by telephone.已将事故用电话告诉了他的家属。The date of his visit has not been announced.他来访的日期尚未
12、公布。declare含有庄严宣告或交代清楚的意思，它所涉及的事不一定是对方所不知道的。The accused declared himself to be innocent.被告宣称自己无罪。Fighting has been going on for a year, but war has not yet been declared.仗已打了一年，但并没有宣战。以上各句中的announce与declare不可互换，但有时两个词用在同一句中都说得通。The government announced (declared) the danger to be past.政府宣布危险已经过去。cons
13、ult【原句回放】Many true Taoist masters eventually become supreme beings, similar to Obi-Wan and Yoda who Luke, as their scholar, consults for their teaching and advice. 很多得到道教真传的人最终成为举足轻重的人物，就像欧比旺和尤达，作为他们的学生，卢克曾向他们请教学问和询问建议。【点拨】consult vi. 商议，磋商；当顾问；vt. 商量，请教，查阅We will consult together about her educatio
14、n.我们将一起商议她的教育事宜。The retired executive consults for several big companies.那位退休的总裁在几家大公司当顾问。Ill do nothing without consulting you.我采取行动之前一定和你商量。He consulted his notebook repeatedly during his speech.他演讲时不断看他的笔记本。consistent 【原句回放】This is consistent with many religious faiths, which stress rational thou
15、ght, personal dignity and a devotion to praying for holy understanding, as supposed to the “Dark Side”, of violent passion and acute emotion. 这同许多宗教信仰一致，都强调理性思考、个人尊严和祈求神圣的理解，这同有着激烈情感的“邪恶势力”相对。【点拨】consistent adj. 一贯的，和一致的What you say is not consistent with what you do.你言行不一。【拓展】consist vi. 组构成；在于，存在于
16、；一致，符合The House of Commons consisted of 658 members.下议院由658名议员组成。The beauty of the picture consists in its balance of colors.这幅画的美在于其色彩的和谐。The information consists with his account.这消息与他的叙述相符合。suppose 【原句回放】This is consistent with many religious faiths, which stress rational thought, personal dignit
17、y and a devotion to praying for holy understanding, as supposed to the “Dark Side”, of violent passion and acute emotion. 这同许多宗教信仰一致，都强调理性思考、个人尊严和祈求神圣的理解，这同有着激烈情感的“邪恶势力”相对。【点拨】suppose v. 猜想；以为；假定常用搭配:suppose + that从句，表示“猜测；假定”。suppose + 名词代词 + to be，表示“认为是”。suppose + 祈使句，表示“让”。be (not) supposed to d
18、o sth. 意为“（不）应该，（不）理应做某事”。You can suppose that A equals B.你可以假定A等于B。I suppose so.I suppose not. 我这么认为。我不这么认为。Suppose we go for a swim. (=Lets go for a swim.)咱们去游泳吧。Teachers are supposed to treat all the students alike.老师应该对所有的学生一视同仁。 broad【原句回放】The broad theme of Star Wars philosophy is the Force an
19、d in every movie someone says “May the Force be with you.” 星球大战的广泛的哲学主题就是力量，而且在每一部电影中都有人说：“愿力量与你同在。”【点拨】broad adj. 广泛的，宽的，辽阔的The broad highway has six traffic lanes.那条宽阔的公路有六条车道。The river is about 20 feet broad.这条河宽约二十英尺。Broad prairies stretch out as far as the eye can see.辽阔的草原一望无边。【拓展】broaden vi.
20、变宽阔，扩大；vt. 使变宽阔，使扩大类似构词法：shortshorten；highheighten；longlengthen；deepdeepen等。Ones views broaden at college.一个人的见解在大学时代变得开阔起来。This narrow highway should be broadened.这条狭窄的公路应该加宽。intention【原句回放】Luke is like the hero of a wuxia film, with his intention of avenging the death of his father, to become the
21、most powerful Master of his art. 卢克就像武侠电影中的英雄，带着为其父报仇的目的，成为最强大的武术大师。【点拨】intention n. 意图，意向，目的；意思，含义His good intentions were repaid by good results.他的善意得到了善报。The intention of the provision is clear.那条款的含义是清楚的。【拓展】intend vt. 想要，打算；意指，意思是常用搭配：intend to do / doing sth. 打算干某事be intended for = be meant fo
22、r 为设计with the intention of 为了，以为目的或意图without intention 无意地I intend studying / to study abroad.我打算出国留学。That trap is intended for you.那个圈套是为你而设的。重点短语in spite of【原句回放】In spite of all our advanced technology, the world is still only at the very beginning of its voyage into space. 即使我们掌握了现在的全部先进技术，这个世界依然
23、只是处于太空旅行的起步阶段。【点拨】in spite of 尽管，虽然，不顾In spite of a thorough investigation, no trace of Dr. Southwell has been found.尽管进行了彻底的调查，还是没有发现索思韦尔博士的任何踪迹。She will stand by husband in spite of reports that he sent another woman love notes.尽管有报道说她丈夫曾给另一个女人写求爱信，但她还是会支持他。【拓展】同义表达：despite prep. 尽管，虽然，不顾other tha
24、n【原句回放】is believed to be the only body in the solar system other than the Earth with liquid on the surface. 人们都认为那是太阳系中除了地球以外唯一表面有液体的星体。【点拨】other than 除了，除之外；与不同(方式)Theres nobody here other than me.除了我这里没别人。You cant get there other than by swimming.你只能靠游泳游到那边去。温馨提示：other than = but, except = apart f
25、rom, besides, except for【拓展】rather than 而不是，与其不如，连接两个并列成分，可以接名词、名词短语、代词、形容词、副词、动词、动名词等。be likely to do【原句回放】The different colours show exactly what the rings are made of: the red means the ring contains tiny pieces of rock and the blue and green is likely to be a mixture of water and frozen gases. 这
26、些不同的颜色确切地表明了土星光环的组成部分：红色意味着光环中含有微小的岩石颗粒；蓝色和绿色可能是水和冰冻气体的混合物。【点拨】be likely to do 有可能做Jane was likely to win the 200-meter race, but she fell to the ground and missed the chance.简有可能要赢得200米比赛，但是她摔倒了，错过了机会。【拓展】易混辨析：possibleprobablelikelypossible表示客观上潜在的可能性，也许实际发生的可能性并不大。常用句式为：It is possible (for sb.) to
27、 do sth.It is possible that从句。probable表示有几分根据的推测，比possible表示的可能性大。常用于Sth. is probable.It is probable + that + 从句。likely强调表面上看起来有可能，与probable意思接近，有时可以互换。常用于：Sb.Sth. is likely to do sth.It is likely + that从句。be / become / get accustomed to (doing) sth.【原句回放】Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on
28、the Moon back on 21st July, 1969, people have become accustomed to the idea of space travel. 自从尼尔阿姆斯特朗在1969年7月21日首次踏上月球以来，人们对太空旅行这一概念已经非常熟悉。【点拨】be / become / get accustomed to (doing) sth. 习惯于（做）某事He becomes / is / gets accustomed to loneliness.他孤独惯了。温馨提示：同义表达 be / become / get used to (doing) sth.
29、习惯于【拓展】accustom vt. 使习惯accustom oneself to 使自己习惯于；养成的习惯I must accustom myself to taking long walks.我必须养成远距离散步的习惯。重点句型It is acknowledged that【原句回放】It is now acknowledged by the movie industry as the most successful film series ever.它被电影界公认为到目前为止最成功的电影系列。【点拨】It is acknowledged + that从句 众所周知It is unive
30、rsally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.全世界都知道树木对我们来说是不可或缺的。【拓展】acknowledge vt. 承认；告知收到(信件等)acknowledgement n. 承认；致谢，谢礼；(对收到来信等的)确认通知，回音I acknowledge that her criticism is just.我承认她的批评是公正的。I acknowledged her letter at once.我马上告知收到了她的信。I bowed my head in acknowledgement of guilt.我低下头来承
31、认过失。We are sending you a small sum of money in acknowledgement of your help.为感谢你的帮助，我们寄上一小笔钱。We have had no acknowledgement of our letter.我们没有收到过确认去信已收到的回音。May+主语+动词原形！【原句回放】The broad theme of Star Wars philosophy is the Force and in every movie someone says “May the Force be with you.” 星球大战的广泛的哲学主题就是力量，而且在每一部电影中都有人说：“愿力量与你同在。”【点拨】“May+主语+动词原形！”表示“祝愿，但愿”，此时May要置于句首(多用于正式文体中)。May good luck be yours!祝你好运!May you be happy!祝你快乐!May you have a good time!祝愿你玩得愉快！May the friendship between us last long!祝愿我们的友谊天长地久！