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1、第18讲 Unit 9语法篇 _被动语态和定语从句1. 被动语态 (1). 被动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动词所表示的动作承受者。(2). 被动语态基本结构：be+及物动词的过去分词(如果是不用物动词，其过去分词应带有相应的介词)(3). 被动语态中的be 是助动词，有人称、数和时态的变化。 一般现在时被动语态为：am/is/are+过去分词 一般过去时被动语态为：was/were+ 过去分词 与情态动词连用的被动语态：情态动词+ be + 过去分词(4). 被动语态中动作的发出者或执行者做介词by的宾语，放在句末，by 表示“由，被”的意思在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句e.g. I
2、like music that I can dance to. music 是先行词，that是关系代词 He is the man who I met yesterday. man是先行词，who是关系代词RULES人 (n.) + who/that + 从句 物 (n.) + that/which + 从句 关系代词who; that;的作用： a. 做代词，代替先行词 b. 在从句中担任句子成分：主语或宾语 c. 做连词，把主句和从句连接起来who / that/which 在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致1.-Its difficult for the vill
3、age children to cross the river for school. -I think a bridge(桥)_over the river.A. should be built B.is being built C. has been built D. was built2. After Mandela was free (自由的) in 1990, he chose to shake hands with the people _ wanted to kill him. A. whose B. which C. / D. who 3. The movie _ we saw
4、 last night was fantastic. A. that B. what C. whose D. Who 4. Where is the School English Speech Contest going to be held tonight? Im not sure. Is it in the hall _ can hold 300 people? A. where B. what C. that D. when 5. Some old people like to live in a flat_ is not very high.A. that B. who C. what
5、 D. whose解析：1. A.考查情态动词的被动语态2. D.考查定语从句3. A.考查定语从句4. C.考查定语从句5. A.考查定语从句基础演练I.用适当的关系词填空(that、who、which、whom) 1. Alice likes singers _ write their own music. 2. Generally, old people like music _ is quiet and gentle.3. The girl _often helps me with my English is from England.4. This is the school in
6、_ I studied two years ago. 5.The man _ is talking with my father over there is our head teacher.II.按照要求写句子。1. Thebookisinteresting.Youlentittomeyesterday.（合成定语从句）_2. They prefer this kind of fruit to that kind.（改为同义句） They _ this kind of fruit _ _ that kind.3 How about the book?（改为同义句）What do you _
7、_ the book?4. I didnt know how I could repair the bike.（改为简单句）I didnt know _ _ repair the bike.5.Rick likes music thats soft and smooth.(对划线部分提问) _ _ _ music does Rick like?答案:I.1. who/that 2. that/which 3. who/that 4. which 5. who/that II.1. Thebook (that/which) youlenttomeyesterday isinteresting.
8、2. like, better than 3. think of 4. how to 5. What kind of巩固提高I.按要求改写下列句子，每空一词。1. What you said made me think of my dogs death. (改为同义句)What you said _ _ _ my dogs death.2. They prefer staying at home to going out on Sundays. (改为同义句)They would like _ _ at home _ _ go out on Sundays.3. He is interview
9、ing a middle school student. He is called Bob. (合并为一句)He is interviewing a middle school student _ _.4. The story is very popular. Tom has just told it. (合并为含定语从句的复合句)The story _ Tom _ just _ _ very popular.5. The tall man is Liu Jians father. He is smoking over there. (合并为含定语从句的复合句)The tall man _ _
10、 _ over there _ Liu Jians father.答案：I.1. reminded me of 2. to stay; rather than 3. called Bob 4. that; has; told is 5. who is smoking; is I.单项选择1. Where is the School English Speech Contest going to be held tonight? Im not sure. Is it in the hall _ can hold 300 people? A. where B. what C. that D. wh
11、en 2,。 The TV play you who came from the stars is popular recently. Yes， it is only the program _ I watched this month. A. who B. that C. where D. when 3. Could you tell me the result of the discussion_ you had made in the morning just now? A. that B. when C. how D. Who 4. People in Korea _ bow when
12、 they meet for the first time. A. supposed B. are suppose to C. are supposed to 5. “Henry, you _ tell the teacher if you want to go out of the classroom.” “Sorry, sir.” A. are supposed to B. are surprised to C. are afraid to 6.Is Kate serious? I _. She never means it. A. suppose B. agree C. believe
13、D. wonder II.完形填空 Good manners means kindly and thoughtful consideration（体贴）for others. Polite boys and girls will always obey the following rules: (1). As to themselves: Be honest, truthful, and pure. Do not use 1 language. Keep out of bad company（族, 群）. (2). At home: Help your parents as much as y
14、ou can. Do your best to 2 them. Do not be selfish, but share all your good things. (3). At school; Respect your 3 .Obey the 4 rules. Do not copy or cheat in any way. Do not cut the desk. (4). At play: Do not cheat at games. Do not bully(倚强凌弱). Be pleasant and not quarrelsome. Do not call your school
15、mates names. (5). In the street: Greet your teachers and acquaintances（熟人） when you meet them. Do not push or run against people. Do not 5 on doors, walls, or on gates with chalk. Do not throw stones, or destroy property. Do not throw orange peel 6 banana skins. Do not make 7 of old or 8 people, but
16、 be polite to them, as well as to strangers and foreigners. (6). Everywhere: Never be rude to 9 , whether older or younger, richer or poorer, than yourself. Remember to say Please or Thank you, Yes, Sir or Yes, madam. No, sir or No, madam. Before 10 a room it is often polite to knock at the door Do
17、not forget to close the door quietly after you. Never interrupt when a person is speaking. Always mind your own business. Be punctual. Be tidy. 1.A. good B. bad C. kind D. honest2.A. pleaseB. happy C. glad D. play3.A. parentsB. workersC. teachersD. books4.A. traffic B. school C. family D. factory5.A
18、. wrote B. put C. dig D. draw6.A. orB. and C. with D. without7A. laughB. smileC. funD. fan8.A. young B. blind C. richD. bad9.A. anybody B. somebodyC. nobodyD. none10.A. goB. go intoC. goingD. entering答案：I.CBACAAII.BACBDACBAD_ I单项选择1.-Its difficult for the village children to cross the river for scho
19、ol.（2014-15提优训练） -I think a bridge(桥)_over the river.A. should be built B .is being built C. has been built D. was built2.There are so many kinds of MP3 in the shop. We cant decide_.（2014-15提优训练）A.what to buy. B .to buy what C. which to buy D. to buy which.3. Pu Shus new song “Ordinary Road” has won
20、 high from the public.（2014-15提优训练） Yes. It simply moves millions of people. A. praise B. record C. advice D. purpose4. The concert this evening is sure to be exciting. （2014-15提优训练） But it is a that I cannot go there with you.A. joy B. wonderC. pity D. wound 5.What kind of music do you like? （2014-
21、15提优训练） I like music _ I can dance to.Abecause Bwhen Cwho Dthat 6. He has a friend who _ the piano very well . （2014-15提优训练）A. play B. playing C. plays D. played7. -How about going hiking this weekend? -Sorry, I prefer _rather than _.A. to stay at home, go out B. to go out, stay at home C. staying a
22、t home, go out D. going out, stay at home.8. When Im sad or tired, I often listen to music that can .A. cheer me up B. cheer up me C. pick me up D. pick up me 9.You can improve your English _reading more.Ain Bwith Cby Dof10.My parents gave _ a nice toy bear for my birthday.AI Bmine Cmy Dme11. There
23、is _ rain this midsummer.A. too many B. so many C. much too D. too much12. My parents say that Guo Jingmings movies are absurd (荒谬的). Maybe they are right. But Guo is good at making films are liked by teenagers.A. what B. those C. who D. that13. _ pity ! You cant come to my party. A. What B. What a
24、C. How D. How a14.Being blind is something _ most people cant imagine.Awho Bwhat Cthat Dwhom15.Do you have _ to say?A. something else B. else something C. anything else D. else anythingII.阅读理解A Before the 19th century, thousands of languages have been made to achieve one dream but only one made it.
25、People were trying to find a way to end peoples communication trouble and create peace between each other. Then one day Esperanto (世界语) went into peoples eyes. It was the most widely spoken man-made language and Ludwik Zamenhof was its creator. He spent his whole life on the amazing language.Zamenho
26、f was born on December 15, 1859 in the town of Biatystok which is now part of Poland. He considered his native language to be his fathers Russian, but also his mothers Yiddish. As he grew older, he spoke more Polish, which later became the native language of his children. His father was a teacher of
27、 German, and he also spoke that language often. Later he learned French, Latin, Greek, Hebrew, and English, and had an interest in Italian, Spanish and Lithuanian.The population of Biatystok was made up of three groups: Poles, Germans and Belarusians. There were often quarrels (争执) among these group
28、s. Zamenhof was frustrated by the many quarrels. He supposed that the main reason for this was the misunderstanding because there was no one common language. Then he began to create a new language, and hoped it would realize the ideal of peace and understanding. During his middle school days, after
29、comparing with many languages he had known, he created a universal (通用的) language. After years of hard work, he finally created Esperanto. Ludwik Zamenhof died on April 14, 1917, and was buried in the Jewish Cemetery on Okopowa Street in Warsaw. 1. Zamenhofs fathers native language was .A. RussianB.
30、 EnglishC. Yiddish2. According to the passage, Zamenhof could speak languages at least.A. 11B. 13 C. 153. Why did Zamenhof invent Esperanto?A. Because he could speak many kinds of languages.B. Because he wanted to find a way to end peoples communication trouble.C. Because he was interested in learni
31、ng languages. 4. Which is TRUE about Esperanto?A. It was one of the languages his father taught.B. It was the most widely spoken man-made language. C. It was the native language of Zamenhofs children.5. Which can be the BEST title for the passage?A. A great inventorB. The greatest inventionC. Zamenh
32、of and EsperantoBI really enjoyed this movie.Its a fun movie for the whole family.I had really good laughs and enjoyed being there. JamesI would recommend (推荐) this movie to everyone.Whether you go with your family and friends, I honestly think this movie has something you will really enjoy. SamIve
33、seen several movies of this kind, but this one is the best.It is so well madesome of the scenes are so beautiful. JohnI went to see this movie with my 8yearold daughter this Tuesday, really without knowing too much about it.My daughter and I were pleasantly surprised at how funny it was.We just coul
34、dnt help laughing.I would recommend this movie to the whole family. Mary6.From the poster, we can tell that _ is spoken in the movie.AChinese BEnglish CJapanese DFrench7.The poster shows that the movie lasts _.A25 minutes B60 minutes C85 minutes D125 minutes8.John likes the movie because of _.Athe f
35、unny actors Bthe wonderful musicCthe sweet voices Dthe beautiful scenes9.Mary and her daughter spent _ watching the movie.A$30 B$40 C$45 D$6010.According to the passage, the movie most probably tells a _ story.Afunny Bsad Cterrible Dtrue C We know music is very important in our daily life. Do you no
36、tice music playing at any of those places when you go somewhere? Today most stores, stations, restaurants and other places play music. You might even hear music in an office or on a farm. Scientists believe that music influences the way people behave. They think that the sound of western classical (
37、古典) music makes people feel richer. When a restaurant plays classical music, people spend more money on food and drinks. When the restaurant plays modern music, people spend less money. Without music, people spend even less.Scientists also believe that loud, fast music makes people eat faster. Some
38、restaurants play fast music during their hours. This makes people eat faster and leave quickly. Restaurants can make more money in this way. Some scientists think that music makes you think and learn better. They say that music helps students to be more active. It is true that people learn better wh
39、en they are relaxed. And listening to music can help you relax. The next time you hear music somewhere, be careful. It might influence the way you do things.1. According to the text, scientists believe that music can _.A. create different feeling for us B. help us to develop good habitsC. develop ou
40、r interest in money D. influence natural environments2. Western classical music is often considered to be _.A. a sign of being slower B. something about mannersC. a sign of being richer D. something with new styles3. Which type of music below can make people work faster?A. Light music. B . Rock musi
41、c. C. Sweet music. D. Soft music.4. The habit of listening to music can make a student _. A. slow in action B. care about manners C. fresh in mind D. worry about studies5. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?A. Music in Restaurants B. Good and Bad Music C. Types of Music D. M
42、usic and BehaviorIII阅读表达阅读下面的材料，然后根据材料内容回答问题。When I was a teenager, I got interested in music. I can still remember sitting on the big chair next to the piano and listening my father play for hours. Besides, I used to give myself concerts in my bedroom. I raised my kids with a lot of music, too. My oldest sons first memory of learning a song was The Carpenters Sing a Song. My oldest daughter would dance when she heard