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1、www.XiYuS锡育软件I was three months pregnant with twins when my husbandRoss and I went to my second sonogram.当我怀上双胞胎3个月后,我和丈夫罗斯一起去做第二次超声波检查。00:13I was 35 years old at the time,and I knew that that meant wehad a higher risk of having a child with a birth defect.当时我35岁,我知道这意味着有很大风险 我们的孩子会有先天缺陷。00:21So,Ros
2、s and I researched the standard birth defects,and wefelt reasonably prepared.于是我跟罗斯了解了一下常见的先天缺陷,觉得自己已经准备好了。00:29Well,nothing would have prepared us for the bizarrediagnosis that we were about to face.但我们万万没有想到,等待我们的是这样的结果。00:35The doctor explained that one of our twins,Thomas,had afatal birth defect
3、 called anencephaly.医生告诉我们其中一个孩子托马斯,患有一种致命的先天疾病叫大脑缺失症。00:42This means that his brain was not formed correctly becausepart of his skull was missing.他的大脑发育不完整,缺少一部分颅骨。00:49Babies with this diagnosis typically die in utero or within afew minutes,hours or days of being born.患有这种疾病的婴儿一般无法出生,即使出生也会很快夭折。00
4、:55But the other twin,Callum,appeared to be healthy,as far asthe doctor could tell,and these twins were identical,genetically identical.而另一个孩子,卡勒姆,根据医生的诊断,看起来很健康,但这两个孩子可是双胞胎啊,他们的基因完全相同。01:05sonogram:n.声波图;声谱记录;语图 defects:n.缺点;瑕疵;不合格品(defect的复数)/v.叛变(defect的三单形式)reasonably:adv.合理地;相当地;适度地 bizarre:adj
5、.奇异的(指态度，容貌，款式等)diagnosis:n.诊断 typically:adv.代表性地;作为特色地 utero:子宫 identical:adj.同一的；完全相同的/n.完全相同的事物 genetically:adv.从遗传学角度;从基因方面So after a lot of questions about how this could have possiblyhappened,a selective reduction was mentioned,and whilethis procedure was not impossible,为什么会这样,我们感到疑惑不解,我们讨论了选择
6、性流产的方案,尽管有可能成功,01:20it posed some unique risks for the healthy twin and for me,so we decided to carry the pregnancy to term.但我和健康的那个孩子要冒很大风险,于是我们决定不做流产手术。01:30So there I was,three months pregnant,with two trimestersahead of me,and I had to find a way to manage my bloodpressure and my stress.这就是当时我的处
7、境,怀孕三个月,还有六个月要等,我还要想办法控制自己的血压和心理压力。01:39And it felt like having a roommate point a loaded gun at youfor six months.那感觉就像有一个人在你房间,整整六个月拿着一把上膛的枪对着你01:49But I stared down the barrel of that gun for so long that I sawa light at the end of the tunnel.但我盯着枪口看了那么久 居然从枪管的尽头看到了一丝曙光。01:55While there was nothi
8、ng we could do to prevent the tragedy,I wanted to find a way for Thomass brief life to have somekind of positive impact.既然悲剧已无法避免,我想让托马斯短暂的生命 能产生些积极的影响。02:03So I asked my nurse about organ,eye and tissue donation.于是我询问了护士关于器官捐赠的事情。02:11She connected with our local organ-procurementorganization,the W
9、ashington Regional TransplantCommunity.她帮我联系了当地一家器官移植机构,“华盛顿地区器官移植联合体”。02:16posed:v.形成(pose的过去分词);摆姿势;主张;装模作样 pregnancy:n.怀孕;丰富,多产;意义深长 trimesters:n.三学期制stared:v.凝视,注视(stare过去分词形式)Regional:adj.地区的;局部的;整个地区的 Transplant:vt.移植;迁移;使移居/n.移植;移植器官;被移植物;移居者/vi.移植;迁移;移居WRTC explained to me that Thomas would
10、probably be toosmall at birth to donate for transplant,and I was shocked:他们跟我解释说,托马斯太小了,他的器官不适合用来移植,我非常震惊:02:23I didnt even know you could be rejected for that.我根本没想过捐赠也能被拒绝。02:31But they said that he would be a good candidate to donatefor research.但他们告诉我,也许捐赠给研究机构会比较合适。02:33This helped me see Thoma
11、s in a new light.这让我看到了新的希望。02:38As opposed to just a victim of a disease,I started to see himas a possible key to unlock a medical mystery.托马斯不仅仅是一名患者,还有可能成为一项医学奇迹的关键。02:40TED演讲者：Sarah Gray|莎拉?格雷演讲标题：How my sons short life made a lasting difference|我儿子短暂的一生如何造就了永恒的改变内容概要：After Sarah Grays unborn so
12、n Thomas was diagnosed with anencephaly,a terminalcondition,she decided to turn her familys tragedy into an extraordinary gift and donate hisorgans to scientific research.In this tribute to life and discovery,she shares her journey to findmeaning in loss and spreads a message of hope for other griev
13、ing families.莎拉?格雷未出生的儿子托马斯被诊断出患有大脑缺失症一种致命的疾病，她决定将这一家庭悲剧转变为非凡的馈赠，捐赠儿子的器官用于科学研究。她分享自己在失去中寻找意义的旅程，将希望传播给其他不幸的家庭，通过这种方式向生命和科学发现致敬。On March 23,2010,the twins were born,and they were bothborn alive.2010年3月23日,两个孩子顺利出生了。02:48And just like the doctor said,Thomas was missing the toppart of his skull,but he
14、could nurse,drink from a bottle,cuddle and grab our fingers like a normal baby,and he sleptin our arms.正如医生诊断那样,托马斯头顶的颅骨缺了一块,但他照样能喝奶,用奶瓶喝,能像普通的宝宝一样抓我们的手指,躺在我们怀里睡觉。02:55After six days,Thomas died in Rosss arms surrounded by ourfamily.6天以后,托马斯在罗斯的怀中离开了我们,我们全家人都陪着他。03:10We called WRTC,who sent a van to
15、 our home and broughthim to Childrens National Medical Center.我们给WRTC打电话,他们派来一辆车,把托马斯带到了国家儿童医学中心。03:16A few hours later,we got a call to say that the recovery was asuccess,and Thomass donations would be going to fourdifferent places.几个小时之后,我们接到电话,事情进展得很顺利,托马斯的器官被送到了四个不同的机构。03:24opposed:adj.相反的;敌对的/v
16、.反对(oppose的过去分词);使对立 cuddle:vi.拥抱;偎依;舒服地贴著身睡/vt.拥抱;亲热地搂住;抚爱地拥抱/n.搂抱,拥抱 grab:vt.攫取;霸占;将深深吸引/vi.攫取;夺取/n.攫取;霸占;夺取之物 donations:n.经捐赠(donation的复数);捐款His cord blood would go to Duke University.他的脐带血被送到了杜克大学。03:32His liver would go to a cell-therapy company called Cytonetin Durham.他的肝脏被送到了达勒姆一家细胞治疗公司,叫Cyto
17、net。03:35His corneas would go to Schepens Eye Research Institute,which is part of Harvard Medical School,and his retinaswould go to the University of Pennsylvania.他的角膜被送到了斯格本斯眼科研究院,从属于哈佛医学院,他的视网膜被送到了宾夕法尼亚大学。03:40A few days later,we had a funeral with our immediate family,including baby Callum,and we
18、 basically closed this chapterin our lives.几天后,我们举行了一个葬礼,只有直系亲属参加,包括小卡勒姆,我们几乎算是将这一段翻篇儿了。03:50But I did find myself wondering,whats happening now?但我老是在想,事情怎么样了？03:59What are the researchers learning?那些学者们发现什么了吗？04:03And was it even worthwhile to donate?托马斯的遗体捐赠真的值得吗？04:05WRTC invited Ross and I to a
19、grief retreat,and we met about15 other grieving families who had donated their lovedones organs for transplant.WRTC邀请罗斯和我参加了一个互助会,见到了其他15个不幸的家庭,他们都将自己亲人的器官捐赠了出去。04:09Some of them had even received letters from the people whoreceived their loved ones organs,saying thank you.有些人甚至收到了信,来自那些接受捐赠的人,向他们表示
20、感谢。04:19corneas:n.解剖角膜(cornea的复数形式)retinas:n.解剖视网膜 Pennsylvania:n.宾夕法尼亚州(美国州名)worthwhile:adj.值得做的，值得花时间的 grieving:v.使悲伤;伤心(grieve的ing形式)donated:adj.捐赠的/v.捐赠(donate的过去分词形式)I learned that they could even meet each other if theyd bothsign a waiver,almost like an open adoption.我了解到他们甚至可以见面 只要双方都签一份弃权声明,
21、就像开放式领养一样。04:27And I was so excited,I thought maybe I could write a letter orI could get a letter and learn about what happened.我非常兴奋,我觉得我也可以写信 或者让他们给我写,来了解事情的进展。04:32But I was disappointed to learn that this process only existsfor people who donate for transplant.但后来我很失望,因为我了解到 只有那些捐赠器官用于移植手术的人才能这么
22、做。04:38So I was jealous.I had transplant envy,I guess.我很嫉妒。嫉妒那些器官移植的人。04:43(Laughter)But over the years that followed,I learned a lotmore about donation,and I even got a job in the field.（笑声）但在接下来的几年里,我越来越了解器官捐赠,甚至在这领域找到了一份工作。04:46And I came up with an idea.我有了一个念头。04:54I wrote a letter that started
23、 out,Dear Researcher.我写了一封邮件,开头是这样的,“亲爱的研究者,”04:57I explained who I was,and I asked if they could tell me whythey requested infant retinas in March of 2010,and I asked ifmy family could visit their lab.我介绍了我自己,问他们可不可以告诉我,为什么在2010年3月的时候,需要新生儿的视网膜,我还请求带家人参观他们的实验室。05:02I emailed it to the eye bank that
24、 arranged the donation,theOld Dominion Eye Foundation,and asked if they could sendit to the right person.我把这封邮件发给了当初安排捐赠的眼睛库,“弗吉尼亚眼睛基金会”,请他们把这封邮件转发给相关人员。05:13waiver:n.弃权,放弃;弃权证书 adoption:n.采用;收养;接受 Dominion:n.主权,统治权;支配;领土They said that they had never done this before,and theycouldnt guarantee a resp
25、onse,but they wouldnt be anobstacle,and they would deliver it.他们说以前从未做过类似事情,不保证能得到回应,但他们会帮我把邮件转发出去。05:22Two days later,I got a response from Dr.Arupa Ganguly ofthe University of Pennsylvania.两天后,我收到了回应,来自宾夕法尼亚大学的阿鲁帕?甘古丽博士。05:30She thanked me for the donation,and she explained that sheis studying ret
26、inoblastoma,which is a deadly cancer of theretina that affects children under the age of five,and she said她对我们的捐赠表示感谢,她说自己在研究视网膜母细胞瘤,那是一种致命的视网膜肿瘤,主要影响5岁以下的孩子,而且她同意邀请我们参观她的实验室。05:36retina that affects children under the age of five,and she saidthat yes,we were invited to visit her lab.室。05:36So next
27、we talked on the phone,and one of the first thingsshe said to me was that she couldnt possibly imagine howwe felt,and that Thomas had given the ultimate sacrifice,and that she seemed to feel indebted to us.之后我们通了电话,她对我说的第一件事就是 她无法想象我们经历了什么,托马斯做出了巨大的牺牲,她觉得自己亏欠我们很多。05:48So I said,Nothing against your
28、study,but we didnt actuallypick it.我说,“并不是针对你的研究,但真的不是我们自己选的。06:00We donated to the system,and the system chose your study.我们只是进行了捐赠,是系统选择了你的研究。”06:05www.XiYuS锡育软件I said,And second of all,bad things happen to childrenevery day,and if you didnt want these retinas,they wouldprobably be buried in the g
29、round right now.我说,“而且,每天都有许多孩子经历不幸,如果你们不用这些视网膜,它们也不过是长埋于地下。06:09retinoblastoma:n.肿瘤成视网膜细胞瘤;眼癌(有遗传性)retina:n.解剖视网膜 ultimate:adj.最终的；极限的；根本的/n.终极；根本；基本原则 indebted:adj.负债的;感激的;受惠的/v.使负债;使受恩惠(indebt的过去分词)So to be able to participate in your study gives Thomass lifea new layer of meaning.因此,能够参与你们的研究,也算
30、是托马斯生命的另一层意义。06:18So,never feel guilty about using this tissue.所以,千万不要觉得亏欠我们。”06:25Next,she explained to me how rare it was.之后,她向我解释一切发生得太巧。06:29She had placed a request for this tissue six years earlier withthe National Disease Research Interchange.她在6年前就向“国家疾病研究交流中心”提交了视网膜需求申请。06:32She got only on
31、e sample of tissue that fit her criteria,and itwas Thomass.而她收到的唯一符合标准的样本,就来自托马斯。06:39Next,we arranged a date for me to come visit the lab,and wechose March 23,2015,which was the twins fifth birthday.随后,我们需要确定参观实验室的时间,我们选择了2015年3月23日,就在双胞胎5岁生日当天。06:44After we hung up,I emailed her some pictures of T
32、homas andCallum,and a few weeks later,we received this T-shirt in themail.打完电话,我给她发了托马斯和卡勒姆的照片,几周后,我们收到了他们寄来的T恤。06:54A few months later,Ross,Callum and I piled in the car and wewent for a road trip.几个月后,罗斯、卡勒姆和我收拾行装,开车上路。07:03We met Arupa and her staff,and Arupa said that when I toldher not to feel
33、guilty,that it was a relief,and that she hadntseen it from our perspective.我们见到了阿鲁帕和她的团队,阿鲁帕说,当我告诉她不要觉得亏欠时她真的松了一口气,她以前从来没有像我们一样来看这件事。07:07participate in:参加;分享 Interchange:vt.(指两人等)交换;互换/vi.交换;相互交换/n.互换;立体交叉道 criteria:n.标准,条件(criterion的复数)piled:adj.有细毛的/v.堆积;积累(pile的过去分词)She also explained that Thoma
34、s had a secret code name.她还告诉我们托马斯有一个秘密代号。07:18The same way Henrietta Lacks is called HeLa,Thomas wascalled RES 360.就像亨瑞艾塔?拉克丝被称为“海拉”一样,托马斯被称作RES 360。07:22RES means research,and 360 means he was the 360thspecimen over the course of about 10 years.RES是指“研究”,360是指他是整个项目进行10年来 第360个样本。07:29She also sha
35、red with us a unique document,and it was theshipping label that sent his retinas from DC to Philadelphia.她还给我们展示了一份独特的文件,是当年的运输标签,把托马斯的视网膜从华盛顿运到费城。07:37This shipping label is like an heirloom to us now.这个运输标签现在成了我们的传家宝。07:48Its the same way that a military medal or a weddingcertificate might be.它的意义
36、就如军功章或者结婚证一般。07:52Arupa also explained that she is using Thomass retina andhis RNA to try to inactivate the gene that causes tumorformation,and she even showed us some results that werebased on RES 360.阿鲁帕还告诉我们,她利用托马斯的视网膜和RNA试图让形成肿瘤的基因失活,她还展示了根据RES360得到的一些研究成果。07:56Then she took us to the freezer an
37、d she showed us the twosamples that she still has that are still labeled RES 360.然后她把我们带到冷冻柜前,给我们看她依然保存的两个样本,上面的标签写着RES 360。08:09Lacks:vt.缺乏;不足;没有;需要/vi.缺乏;不足;没有/n.缺乏;不足 Philadelphia:n.费城(美国宾夕法尼亚州东南部港市)heirloom:n.传家宝;祖传遗物 military:adj.军事的；军人的；适于战争的/n.军队；军人 inactivate:vt.使不活动;使不活泼;阻止活动 freezer:n.冰箱;冷
38、冻库;制冷工 labeled:adj.有标签的;示踪的/v.示踪(label的过去分词);贴标签于;把称为Theres two little ones left.那是两份很小的样本。08:17She said she saved it because she doesnt know when shemight get more.她说之所以保存它们 是因为她不知道什么时候能再找到合适的样本。08:19After this,we went to the conference room and we relaxedand we had lunch together,and the lab staff
39、 presentedCallum with a birthday gift.随后我们来到会议室,休息了一会,一起吃午饭,实验室工作人员送给卡勒姆一份生日礼物。08:24It was a childs lab kit.是一套儿童试验装备。08:34And they also offered him an internship.他们还给了他一个实习的机会。08:36(Laughter)So in closing,I have two simple messages today.（笑声）最后,我想传递两个简单的信息。08:38One is that most of us probably dont
40、think about donatingto research.第一,我们大部分人可能从未想过捐赠器官用于研究。08:45I know I didnt.I think Im a normal person.因为我以前就没想过,我也是个普通人。08:49But I did it.但我这样做了。08:52It was a good experience,and I recommend it,and it broughtmy family a lot of peace.这是一次不错的经历我建议你们也试试,它给我的家庭带来了平静。08:53And second is if you work with
41、human tissue and you wonderabout the donor and about the family,write them a letter.第二,如果你从事人体器官研究,考虑一下捐赠者和他们的家庭,联系一下他们。08:57Tell them you received it,tell them what youre working on,and invite them to visit your lab,because that visit may beeven more gratifying for you than it is for them.告诉他们你收到了捐
42、赠,介绍一下你的工作,请他们你的实验室看一看,你因此得到的满足 可能比他们还多。09:04conference:n.会议;讨论;协商;联盟;(正式)讨论会;工会,工党用语(每年的)大会/vi.举行或参加(系列)会议 internship:n.实习生;(美)实习期;实习医师职位 donating:捐赠/捐献 donor:n.捐赠者;供者;赠送人/adj.捐献的;经人工授精出生的 gratifying:adj.悦人的;令人满足的/v.使满意(gratify的现在分词);使高兴And Id also like to ask you a favor.我还想请你们帮个忙。09:12If youre ev
43、er successful in arranging one of these visits,please tell me about it.如果你成功安排了这么一次参观,请发邮件告诉我。09:14The other part of my familys story is that we ended upvisiting all four facilities that received Thomass donations.关于我家故事的结尾就是 我们参观了全部四家接受了 托马斯器官捐赠的机构。09:20And we met amazing people doing inspiring wor
44、k.我们见到了许多了不起的人,他们在做了不起的事。09:26The way I see it now is that Thomas got into Harvard,Dukeand Penn-我现在认为托马斯考入了哈佛大学,杜克大学和宾州大学。09:30(Laughter)And he has a job at Cytonet,and he hascolleagues and he has coworkers who are in the top of theirfields.（笑声）他在Cytonet找到了工作,他有很多同事,都是本领域的顶尖人才。09:37And they need him
45、 in order to do their job.他们的工作都离不开托马斯。09:47And a life that once seemed brief and insignificant revealeditself to be vital,everlasting and relevant.一个原本看起来短暂而微不足道的生命 变得重要、永恒和充满意义。09:51And I only hope that my life can be as relevant.我只希望我的一生也能过得有意义。10:02Thank you.谢谢大家。10:05(Applause)（掌声）10:06arranging:v.安排(arrange的ing形式)facilities:n.设施;工具,设备 inspiring:adj.鼓舞人心的；灌输的；启发灵感的/v.鼓舞；激发；使感悟(inspire的ing形式)coworkers:n.同事;合作人(coworker的复数形式)insignificant:adj.无关紧要的everlasting:adj.永恒的;接连不断的*Warning:本文是由生成导出，请用于个人学习，不要用于商业用途。否则，导致的一切法律后果，均由您个人承担，锡育软件概不负责。*