《SiamakHariri_2017S[西亚马克．哈里里][如何建筑神圣空间].pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《SiamakHariri_2017S[西亚马克．哈里里][如何建筑神圣空间].pdf（4页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、www.XiYuS锡育软件The school of architecture that I studied at some 30 yearsago happened to be across the street from the wonderful artgallery designed by the great architect Louis Kahn.我在三十年前就读的建筑学院 对面是一座令人惊艳的美术馆 是由名建筑师路易斯康设计00:12I love the building,and I used to visit it quite often.我很爱这栋建筑,也经常造访00:24O
2、ne day,I saw the security guard run his hand across theconcrete wall.有一天 我看见警卫用手轻轻划过水泥墙00:27And it was the way he did it,the expression on his face something touched me.而看着他这样的举动 还有脸上的神情 某种东西触动了我00:35I could see that the security guard was moved by thebuilding and that architecture has that capacity
3、 to move you.我可以看出警卫也深受那栋建筑感动 建筑就是有这样的魔力 足以感动人心00:43I could see it,and I remember thinking,Wow.How doesarchitecture do that?这个场景仍历历在目,我当时想着 哇,建筑要怎么拥有这种力量00:54At school,I was learning to design,but here here was areaction of the heart.我在学校里学的是设计 但在这里的却是心灵的真实反映01:02And it touched me to the core.那深深触动了
4、我01:10You know,you aspire for beauty,for sensuousness,foratmosphere,the emotional response.我们知道,人们追寻美丽的事物 是为了感官愉悦或气氛 这类情感上的需求01:15art gallery:建美术馆;画廊 security guard:保安人员 aspire:vi.渴望;立志;追求 sensuousness:n.知觉;敏感emotional:adj.情绪的；易激动的；感动人的Thats the realm of the ineffable and the immeasurable.这是个无法言喻 也不
5、可丈量的领域01:28And thats what you live for:a chance to try.这就是我们生活的目的:拥有尝试的机会01:33So in 2003,there was an open call for designs for the BahTemple for South America.2003年时有场公开征选 征的是南美洲巴哈伊灵曦堂的设计图01:38This was the first temple in all of South America.这在当时是全南美第一间灵曦堂01:45Its a continental temple,a hugely imp
6、ortant milestone forthe Bah community,because this would be the last of thecontinental temples and would open the door for nationaland local temples to be built around the world.且是间洲际性的灵曦堂 是巴哈伊信仰的重大里程碑 这是最后一座洲际性神庙 也促使地区灵曦堂遍布于 世界各地01:48And the brief was deceptively simple and unique in theannals of r
7、eligion:a circular room,nine sides,nine entrances,nine paths,allowing you to come to the temple from alldirections,nine symbolizing completeness,perfection.它的结构看似简单 在宗教史上却是独一无二 它是由一个圆厅 九面墙、九个入口及九条小径组成 让民众能够从各个方向进入灵曦堂 九这个数字象征完整 以及完美02:02ineffable:adj.不可言喻的;不应说出的;难以形容的 immeasurable:adj.无限的;数不可计量的;不能测量
8、的 call for:要求;需要;提倡;邀请;为叫喊 continental:adj.大陆的;大陆性的/n.欧洲人 milestone:n.里程碑,划时代的事件 deceptively:adv.迷惑地,骗人地;虚伪地 annals:n.年报;编年史;年鉴 entrances:建入口 symbolizing:象征,作为的象征/用符号表示(symbolize的现在分词)completeness:n.完整;完全;完成;圆满;结束 perfection:n.完善；完美No pulpit,no sermons,as there are no clergy in the Bahfaith.建筑中没有讲道坛
9、、没有布道02:27And in a world which is putting up walls,the design neededto express in form the very opposite.因为巴哈伊信仰中没有神职人员 在这个充斥隔阂的世界02:34It had to be open,welcoming to people of all faiths,walks oflife,backgrounds,or no faith at all;a new form of sacredspace with no pattern or models to draw from.设计必须
10、藉由形式上表达 一个完全相反的概念 也就是开放与包容各种信仰、阶级、背景 或是没有任何信仰的人 这是神圣空间的全新形式 别出心裁不落窠臼02:43It was like designing one of the first churches for Christianityor one of the first mosques for Islam.就像在设计第一座基督教教堂 或第一座伊斯兰教清真寺03:05So we live in a secular world.既然我们身处在世俗的世界03:12How do you design sacred space today?当今的我们该如何建筑神
11、圣空间03:18And how do you even define whats sacred today?更甚者,我们该如何定义神圣03:25I stumbled across this beautiful quote and it speaks to我曾偶然发现一句优美的巴哈伊祷文 它说,若你诚心祈祷03:30TED演讲者：Siamak Hariri|西亚马克哈里里演讲标题：How do you build a sacred space?|如何建筑神圣空间？内容概要：To design the Bah.Temple of South America,architect Siamak Har
12、iri focused onillumination-from the temple.s form,which captures the movement of the sun throughoutthe day,to the iridescent,luminous stone and glass used to construct it.Join Hariri for ajourney through the creative process,as he explores what makes for a sacred experience in asecular world.建筑师西亚马克
13、哈里里在建筑南美洲的巴哈伊神庙时，着重采光及照明：从捕捉太阳光影的神庙形式，到使用散发光辉的石材、玻璃等材料建成，他都设想周全。快来一同参与哈里里的创意建筑之旅，一窥他如何在世俗世界中建立神圣空间吧！I stumbled across this beautiful quote and it speaks toprayer.心祈祷03:30It says that if you reach out in prayer,and if your prayer isanswered which is already very interesting that thepillars of your he
14、art will become ashine.并真的得到回应-这本身就够神奇了 那就会点亮你的心房 我很喜欢这个内在与外在的概念 就像是你看到一个人时03:39pulpit:n.讲道坛;高架操纵台;神职人员 sermons:n.布道(sermon的复数);说教;布道辞 clergy:n.神职人员;牧师;僧侣 faiths:n.信仰;信念;信任;忠实 sacred:adj.神的；神圣的；宗教的；庄严的 Christianity:n.基督教;基督教精神,基督教教义mosques:n.清真寺(mosque的复数形式)secular:adj.世俗的;长期的;现世的;不朽的/n.修道院外的教士,(对宗教
15、家而言的)俗人 stumbled:绊倒/蹒跚 quote:vt.报价;引述;举证/vi.报价;引用;引证/n.引用 pillars:n.柱子;柱状物;台柱(pillar的复数)/v.用柱支持(pillar的第三人称单数)And I loved this idea of the inner and the outer,like whenyou see someone and you say,That person is radiant.And Iwas thinking,My gosh,how could we make somethingarchitectural out of that,wh
16、ere you create a building and itbecomes alive with light?你说,这人真是容光焕发 我就心想:天啊,我该怎么把这运用到建筑上？要怎么让一个建筑物 因为光而生动呢 就像是雪花石膏03:52Like alabaster,if you kiss it with light,it becomes alive.它会因光的衬托而有了生命04:18And I drew this sketch,something with two layers,translucent with structure in between capturing light.于是
17、我就画了这张图 它有两层,而且半透明 中间的结构能捕捉光影04:23Maybe a pure form,a single form of emanation that youcould imagine would be all dome and everything we keptmaking was looking too much like an egg.若提到发散光芒最简单的形式 我们都会直接联想到 圆顶的样式 我们所建筑的一切都长得太像蛋了04:31(Laughter)A blob.（观众笑声）或是水滴04:47So you search.所以我们追寻04:50You all know
18、 this crazy search,letting the process take you,and you live for the surprises.我们都知道这段疯狂的探寻 会带给我们无限惊奇04:52And I remember quite by accident I saw this little video of aplant moving in light,and it made me think of movement,reach,this idea that the temple could have reach,like thisreach for the divine
19、.而我恰巧记得 曾经看过一部植物趋光性的短片 这让我想到了动态 与追寻 这都可以应用在灵曦堂上就像是对神圣的追寻04:59radiant:adj.辐射的;容光焕发的;光芒四射的/n.光点;发光的物体 architectural:adj.建筑学的;建筑上的;符合建筑法的alabaster:adj.雪花石膏制的;光洁雪白的/n.雪花石膏 translucent:adj.透明的;半透明的 emanation:n.发出,散发 dome:n.圆屋顶/vi.成圆顶状/vt.加圆屋顶于上 blob:n.一滴;一抹;难以名状的一团/vt.弄脏;把做错/vi.得零分;弄错 by accident:偶然;意外地
20、reach for:伸手去拿 divine:adj.神圣的;非凡的;天赐的;极好的/vt.占卜;预言;用占卜勘探/vi.占卜;预言;使用占卜勘探矿/n.牧师;神学家You can imagine also that movement within a circle couldmean movement and stillness,like the cosmos,somethingyou see in many places.我们也能想像 在圆圈内的移动能同时展现动与静和宇宙的旋一样 随处可见05:16(Laughter)But rotation was not enough,because w
21、e neededa form.（观众笑声）但这样的旋还不够 因为我们需要一种形式05:28the temples being as perfect as is humanly possible,and wekept thinking,well,what is perfection?灵曦堂应尽可能地完美 而我们所要思考的就是:什么是完美？05:41And I remember I stumbled into this image of this Japanesebasket and thinking our Western notions of perfection needto be chal
22、lenged,that this wonderful silhouette of thisbasket,this wonkiness,我记得当时无意间瞧见这张日本篮子的图片 就觉得西方对于完美的观念必须被挑战 这篮子的轮廓奇妙,外观有些歪斜05:49and that it has the kind of dimple of what you might imaginea shoulder or the cheekbone,and that kind of organic form.表面的凹陷或许会让人联想到肩窝 或酒窝 这类有生命的形式06:01And so we drew and made
23、models,these lines that merge atthe top,soft lines,which became like drapery andtranslucent veils and folding,and the idea of not onlyfolding but torquing you remember the plant and theway it was reaching.所以我们设计、制作出模型 也就是这些在上端汇合的线条 这些柔软的线条 像是垂坠的帐帘 与半透明的面纱及褶层 不只是折迭的概念,还有扭转的形式 还记得刚刚那株植物伸展的方式吧06:10stil
24、lness:n.静止;沉静 cosmos:n.宇宙;和谐;秩序;大波斯菊 rotation:n.旋转;循环,轮流 humanly:adv.以人力;像人地;在人力所能及的范围 notions:n.观念(notion的复数);小商品 silhouette:n.轮廓,剪影/vt.使照出影子来;使仅仅显出轮廓wonkiness:摇晃 dimple:vt.使起涟漪;使现酒窝/n.酒窝;涟漪;浅凹/vi.出现酒窝;起涟漪 cheekbone:n.颧骨;颊骨 merge:vt.合并;使合并;吞没/vi.合并;融合 drapery:n.布料;帏帐;打褶的帐幔 veils:n.面纱(veil的复数);层式法 f
25、olding:adj.可折叠的And this started to become an interesting form,carving thebase,making the entrances.这开始成为一种引人入胜的形式了 挖掘基地,建置入口06:33And then we ended up with this.我们最终得到这个结果06:40This is this temple with two layers,nine luminous veils,embodied light,soft-flowing lines like luminescent drapery.这就是那间双层灵曦堂
26、 九道发光的纱帐 蕴含其中的光源 柔美流动的线条 就像是透着光的帷幕06:44and this was selected.最后这份雀屏中选06:59So we went to the next stage of how to build it.接下来就要思考如何建造07:01We had submitted alabaster.我们原先想用雪花石膏07:07But alabaster was too soft,and we were experimenting,manyexperiments with materials,trying to think how we couldhave thi
27、s kind of shimmer,and we ended up withborosilicate.但那太软了 所以我们又用其他材料做了实验 试图让它产生这样的微光 最后我们决定用硼硅酸玻璃07:10And borosilicate glass,as you know,is very strong,and if youbreak borosilicate rods just so and melt them at just theright temperature,we ended up with this new material,thisnew cast glass which took
28、 us about two years to make.硼硅酸玻璃很强韧 若要重塑玻璃得先把它融化 还必须在特定温度 我们最后选用这种新材料 这个新铸造的玻璃花了我们两年的时间07:25carving:n.雕刻;雕刻品;雕刻术/v.雕刻(carve的ing形式)luminous:adj.发光的；明亮的；清楚的 embodied:v.呈现(embody的过去式及过去分词形式);具体表达 luminescent:adj.发冷光的,冷光的 submitted:v.递交;主张;屈服(submit的过去分词)experimenting:adj.乐于尝试的/v.试验实验;尝试(experiment的ing
29、形式)shimmer:n.微光;闪光/vi.闪烁;发闪烁的微光/vt.使闪烁 borosilicate:n.硼硅酸盐 rods:n.鱼竿(rod的复数);棒条体/v.装避雷针;用杆捅清(rod的单三形式)And it had this quality that we loved,this idea of theembodied light,but on the inside,we wanted somethingwith a soft light,like the inner lining of a jacket.我们很喜欢这种玻璃的特质 因为它能够透光 但也希望内部有个柔和的光源 像是外套的
30、内衬一样07:42On the outside you have protection,but on the inside youtouch it.外层提供保护,内层则会实际接触到肌肤07:55So we found this tiny vein in a huge quarry in Portugal withthis beautiful stone,which the owner had kept for sevengenerations in his family,waiting for the right project,if youcan believe it.我们在葡萄牙发现一条小
31、矿脉 矿脉中富含这种美丽的石头 这些石头在矿主家传了七代 只为等待合适的计画,信不信由你08:00www.XiYuS锡育软件Look at this material,its beautiful.看看这个石材,多么美丽08:18And the way it lights up;it has that translucent quality.点亮它后,会呈现半透明的状态08:21So here you see the structure.这边可以看到建筑架构08:24It lets the light through.光线能够透过去08:28And looking down,the nine w
32、ings are bound,structurallybut symbolically strong,a great symbol of unity:puregeometry,a perfect circle,30 meters in section and inplan,perfectly symmetrical,like the idea of sacredness andgeometry.而往下俯瞰 九面侧翼一同汇聚 结构坚固且意义重大 那是合一的象征 也是纯粹的几何与完美的圆 每部分高达30公尺,就跟设计图上的一样完美的对称就像是神圣与几何的概念08:31lining:n.衬里;内层;
33、衬套 vein:n.血管;叶脉;地质岩脉;纹理;翅脉;性情/vt.使成脉络;象脉络般分布于 quarry:n.采石场;猎物;来源/vi.费力地找/vt.挖出;努力挖掘 structurally:adv.在结构上 symbolically:adv.象征性地;象征意义地 geometry:n.几何学/几何结构 symmetrical:adj.匀称的,对称的 sacredness:n.神圣;尊崇为神物;受人尊敬And here you see the building going up,2,000 steel nodes,9,000 pieces of steel,7,800 stone piece
34、s,10,000 cast glasspieces,all individual shapes,the entire superstructure alldescribed,engineered,fabricated with aerospacetechnology,prefabricated machine to machine,robotically,ahuge team effort,you can imagine,of literally hundreds,andwithin three percent of our$30 million budget set in 2006.我们一路
35、看着建筑向上兴建 2000个钢骨节点9000片建筑钢 7800片石材 一万片铸造玻璃,每片独立成形刚提到的整个上层建筑 是以航太技术设计、打造 以多台机器预先制造 过程精密准确 这是大规模的团队合作 由数百人组成 只用了三千万预算中的3%这是在2006年订下的08:56(Applause)Nine wings bound together forming a nine-pointed star,and the star shape moving in space,trackingthe sun.（观众掌声）九面侧翼汇聚 形成一颗九芒星 这颗星星会随着时空移动 追随着阳光09:38So here
36、 it is.这就是最终样貌！10:07Audience:Wow!（观众惊呼）10:09(Applause)Hopefully,a befitting response to that beautifulquote,a prayer answered,（观众掌声）我们希望这能呼应那句优美的祷文蒙应允的祈祷10:11open in all directions,capturing the blue light of dawn,tent-like white light of day,the gold light of the afternoon,and ofcourse,at night,the
37、 reversal:sensuous,catching the light inall kinds of mysterious ways.向四面八方开展 捕捉破晓时的蓝光 白晝时有着帷幕状的白光 午后则有金黄色的光芒 当然,到了晚上,一切翻转:这是感性的 以各种神秘的方式捕捉光10:26superstructure:n.上层建筑;上部构造 engineered:adj.设计的,工程/v.设计;指导(engineer的过去分词)fabricated:adj.焊接的;组合的,装配式的/v.制造,组装;伪造,捏造(fabricate的过去分词)aerospace:n.航空宇宙;航航空航天空间pref
38、abricated:adj.预制构件的/v.预先建造组合(prefabricate的过去分词)set in:vi.开始;到来;流行 befitting:adj.适合的/v.适合(befit的ing形式)tent-like:幕状的 reversal:n.逆转;摄反转;法撤销 mysterious:adj.神秘的；不可思议的；难解的And the site:its interesting;14 years ago when we made thesubmission,we showed the temple set against the Andes.有趣的是,我们14年前提交建案时 是把灵曦堂设
39、立在与安第斯山相对的位置10:51We didnt have the Andes as our site,but after nine years,thats exactly where we ended up,the lines of the temple setagainst nothing but pure nature,我们没有要将安第斯山当作灵曦堂的位址 但9年之后,却真的建在安第斯山旁 灵曦堂的轮廓与纯粹的自然相映11:01and you turn around and you get nothing but the city belowyou,and inside,a view
40、in all directions,radiating gardensfrom each of the alcoves,radiating paths.转过身便能俯瞰整座城市 室内则有360度美景 放射状的花园 从各壁龛外旋 形成辐射状的步道11:13Last October,the opening ceremonies a beautiful,sacredevent,a continuous river of visitors,indigenous people fromall over South America,some who had never left theirvillages.
41、去年十月的开幕仪式 既美丽又神圣 接踵而至 包含许多南美洲原住民 当中有些甚至不曾离开自己的村庄11:32And of course,that this temple belongs to people,thecollective,of many cultures and walks of life,many beliefs,and for me,whats most important is what it feels like on theinside;that it feel intimate,sacred,and that everyone iswelcome.而这座神庙当然属于人民
42、这些人民来自不同文化背景及各行各業 拥有不同信仰 对我来说,最重要的是内在的感觉 那是种亲密的感觉 神圣的感觉 我们欢迎所有的人11:57submission:n.投降;提交(物);服从;(向法官提出的)意见;谦恭 set against:反对;使对立;使平衡 Andes:n.安第斯山脉 turnaround:转向反方向;(生意或经济)好转;船只留港 radiating:adj.v.发射出(光,热等)(radiate的现在分词);(使品质或情感)显出,流露;射出,向四周伸出;散热 alcoves:n.凹室;壁龛 October:n.天十月 ceremonies:n.仪式;典礼;礼节;客套(ce
43、remony的复数形式)indigenous:adj.本土的;土著的;国产的;固有的And if even a few who come have the same reaction as thatsecurity guard,then it truly would be their temple.而要是真的有些人 有和警卫相同的反应 那就真的是属于他们的神庙12:21And I would love that.我也会很高兴12:36Thank you.谢谢各位12:38(Applause)（观众掌声）12:39*Warning:本文是由生成导出，请用于个人学习，不要用于商业用途。否则，导致的一切法律后果，均由您个人承担，锡育软件概不负责。*