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1、www.XiYuS锡育软件(Music)（音乐）00:20(Applause)Thank you very much.(Applause)Thank you.Its adistinct privilege to be here.02:35A few weeks ago,I saw a video on YouTube ofCongresswoman Gabrielle Giffords at the early stages of herrecovery from one of those awful bullets.因为受伤而接受治疗02:47This one entered her lef
2、t hemisphere,and knocked out herBrocas area,the speech center of her brain.进入布洛克区,那是大脑的语言中枢区域。02:56And in this session,Gabbys working with a speech therapist,and shes struggling to produce some of the most basicwords,and you can see her growing more and moredevastated,until she ultimately在治疗初期,Gabby
3、找一位语言治疗师 你可以看到03:01breaks down into sobbing tears,and she starts sobbingwordlessly into the arms of her therapist.她奔溃了,眼泪掉了下来 她在治疗师的怀抱中无言地呜咽03:13And after a few moments,her therapist tries a new tack,andthey start singing together,and Gabby starts to sing throughher tears,and you can hear her clearl
4、y able to enunciate过了一会儿,治疗师尝试新的方法 可以听到她清晰的发音03:20Congresswoman:n.(美)国会女议员;众议院女议员 stages:n.计阶段(stage的复数);舞台;戏剧表演/v.计划;表演;分阶段进行(stage的三单形式)hemisphere:n.半球 Gabby:adj.饶舌的,多嘴的 therapist:n.临床医学家;治疗学家 devastated:adj.毁坏的;极为震惊的/v.毁坏;摧毁(devastate的过去式和过去分词)sobbing:adj.湿透的/v.啜泣;哭诉(sob的ing形式)tack:n.大头钉;粗缝;行动方针;
5、食物/vt.附加;以大头针钉住/vi.抢风航行;作文字形移动 enunciate:vt.发音;阐明;宣布/vi.阐明;清晰地发音the words to a song that describe the way she feels,and shesings,in one descending scale,she sings,Let it shine,let itshine,let it shine.这首歌的歌词正好描述了她的心情 她不停的唱,用下降的音调,不停唱着 让它闪烁,让它闪烁,让它闪烁。03:29And its a very powerful and poignant reminder
6、 of how thebeauty of music has the ability to speak where words fail,inthis case literally speak.美妙的音乐可以表达的03:38Seeing this video of Gabby Giffords reminded me of the workof Dr.Gottfried Schlaug,one of the preeminentneuroscientists studying music and the brain at Harvard,andSchlaug is a proponent of
7、 a therapy calledGabby Giffords的视频让我想到 GottfriedSchlaug博士的研究 他是哈佛最德高望重的神经学家之一,研究音乐和大脑 Schlaug支持一个治疗方法03:49Melodic Intonation Therapy,which has become very popularin music therapy now.04:00Schlaug found that his stroke victims who were aphasic,could not form sentences of three-or four-word sentences,
8、but they could still sing the lyrics to a song,whether it wasHappy Birthday To YouSchlaug 发现他中风的病人失语了,可能是 祝您生日快乐04:05descending:adj.下降的;下行的/n.递减;下行/v.下降(descend的ing形式)poignant:adj.尖锐的;辛酸的;深刻的;切中要害的preeminent:adj.卓越的;超群的 proponent:n.支持者;建议者;提出认证遗嘱者 therapy:n.治疗，疗法 Melodic:adj.有旋律的;音调优美的 Intonation:n.
9、声调,语调;语音的抑扬 aphasic:adj.失语症的,患失语症的/n.失语症患者 lyrics:n.歌词;抒情诗(lyric的复数)or their favorite song by the Eagles or the Rolling Stones.04:19And after 70 hours of intensive singing lessons,he found thatthe music was able to literally rewire the brains of hispatients and create a homologous speech center in t
10、heirright hemisphere to compensate for the left hemispheresdamage.建立新的连接,在右半脑中04:22When I was 17,I visited Dr.Schlaugs lab,and in oneafternoon he walked me through some of the leadingresearch on music and the brain-how musicians had那天下午,他给我简单介绍了在音乐和大脑方面04:36fundamentally different brain structure th
11、an non-musicians,how music,and listening to music,could just light up theentire brain,from our prefrontal cortex all the way back to音乐和聆听音乐是如何 开启我们整个脑部,04:46TED演讲者：Robert Gupta|Robert Gupta演讲标题：Robert Gupta:Between music and medicine|音乐与医学内容概要：Violinist Robert Gupta joined the LA Philharmonic at the
12、 age of 19-and maintains apassionate parallel interest in neurobiology and mental health issues.He.s a TED Senior Fellow.Robert Gupta在医生和小提琴家两个职业选择中举棋不定，他后来发现适合他的位置是在两者中间。他手持琴弓，心怀社会公义。他讲述的关于社会边缘人群的故事，令人动容，而音乐疗法有比传统医学无法达到的作用。entire brain,from our prefrontal cortex all the way back toour cerebellum,ho
13、w music was becoming a neuropsychiatricmodalityto help children with autism,to help people struggling withstress and anxiety and depression,how deeply Parkinsonianpatients would find that their tremor来帮助自闭症儿童,以及生活在 压力、焦虑、犹豫中的人04:59rewire:vt.给再打电报;给换新电线/vi.再发电报;重装电线 homologous:adj.相应的;生物同源的;类似的;一致的co
14、mpensate:vi.补偿,赔偿;抵消/vt.补偿,赔偿;付报酬 light up:照亮;点亮 prefrontal:adj.解剖前额的;额叶前部的/n.解剖额前骨 cortex:n.解剖皮质;树皮;果皮 cerebellum:n.解剖小脑 modality:n.形式,形态;程序;物理疗法;主要的感觉autism:n.心理内科孤独症;自我中心主义 depression:n.沮丧;洼地;不景气;忧愁 tremor:n.医震颤;颤动and their gait would steady when they listened to music,andhow late-stage Alzheimer
15、s patients,whose dementia was sofar progressed that they could no longer recognize抽搐减轻了,行走更稳定了 末期老人痴呆病人的痴呆程度发展到 他们无法认出自己的家人05:09their family,could still pick out a tune by Chopin at thepiano that they had learned when they were children.05:19But I had an ulterior motive of visiting Gottfried Schlaug
16、,andit was this:that I was at a crossroads in my life,trying tochoose between music and medicine.05:25I had just completed my undergraduate,and I was workingas a research assistant at the lab of Dennis Selkoe,studyingParkinsons disease at Harvard,and I had fallen in love withneuroscience.I wanted to
17、 become a surgeon.我刚刚完成了我的本科,开始工作05:34I wanted to become a doctor like Paul Farmer or Rick Hodes,these kind of fearless men who go into places like Haiti orEthiopia and work with AIDS patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis,or with children with disfiguringcancers.帮助得了抗药性肺结核的艾滋病人,或是帮助05:46gai
18、t:n.步法,步态/vt.训练步法 dementia:n.内科痴呆 progressed:n.进步,发展;前进/vi.前进,进步;进行 pick out:挑选出Chopin:n.肖邦(波兰钢琴家)ulterior:adj.将来的,较远的;在那边的;隐秘不明的 crossroads:n.十字路口;交叉路口;聚会的中心地点(crossroad的复数形式)neuroscience:n.神经系统科学(指神经病学,神经化学等)fearless:adj.无畏的;大胆的tuberculosis:n.肺结核;结核病 disfiguring:vt.使变丑;损毁的外形;使大为减色I wanted to becom
19、e that kind of Red Cross doctor,thatdoctor without borders.我想成为红十字会医生,06:01On the other hand,I had played the violin my entire life.06:06Music for me was more than a passion.It was obsession.激情不足以形容我对音乐的痴迷。06:09It was oxygen.I was lucky enough to have studied at theJuilliard School in Manhattan,and
20、to have played my debutwith Zubin Mehta and the Israeli philharmonic orchestra inTel Aviv,and it turned out that Gottfried Schlaug我的处女秀在特拉维夫,和祖宾 梅塔和和特拉维夫以色列爱乐乐团同台06:13had studied as an organist at the Vienna Conservatory,buthad given up his love for music to pursue a career inmedicine.And that after
21、noon,I had to ask him,How was itfor you making that decision?曾经在维也纳音乐学院学研究管风琴专业 但他放弃了对音乐的热爱,致力医学事业 那天下午,我不得不问他,您是如何作出这个决定的?06:26And he said that there were still times when he wished hecould go back and play the organ the way he used to,andthat for me,medical school could wait,but that the violinsim
22、ply would not.对我来说,医学院可以先等等06:38On the other hand:另一方面 obsession:n.痴迷;困扰;内科心理强迫观念 debut:n.初次登台;开张/vi.初次登台philharmonic:n.交响乐团;音乐爱好者;爱乐团体/adj.交响乐团的;爱好音乐的 orchestra:n.管弦乐队;乐队演奏处 organist:n.风琴演奏者 Conservatory:n.温室;音乐学校/adj.有保存力的;保存性的And after two more years of studying music,I decided toshoot for the im
23、possible before taking the MCAT andapplying to medical school like a good Indian son to becomethe next Dr.Gupta.(Laughter)我要去考MCAT,像是一个印度好孩子一样,申请医学院06:48And I decided to shoot for the impossible and I took anaudition for the esteemed Los Angeles Philharmonic.我决定挑战不可能的事06:59It was my first audition,a
24、nd after three days of playingbehind a screen in a trial week,I was offered the position.我在幕后演奏了三天,最后我得到了乐团的工作07:05And it was a dream.It was a wild dream to perform in anorchestra,to perform in the iconic Walt Disney Concert Hallin an orchestra conducted now by the famous GustavoDudamel,but much mor
25、e importantly to me to besurrounded那像一场梦。那是一个狂野的梦 由著名的Gustavo Dudamel指挥的乐团中演出,更重要的是,围绕在我身边的是07:11by musicians and mentors that became my new family,my即将成为我新的家人的音乐家和导师07:25by musicians and mentors that became my new family,mynew musical home.But a year later,I met another musician who had also studie
26、dat Juilliard,one who profoundly helped me find my voiceand shaped my identity as a musician.他也曾就读茱莉亚,他帮助了我很多07:32audition:n.听力,听觉;试听/vi.试听;试音/vt.对进行面试;让试唱 esteemed:adj.受人尊敬的/v.尊敬;认为(esteem的过去分词)iconic:adj.图标的,形象的 Disney:n.迪斯尼(美国动画影片制作家及制片人)conducted:v.管理(conduct的过去分词);引导;指挥 mentors:n.导师,教练(mentor复数
27、)profoundly:adv.深刻地;深深地;极度地Nathaniel Ayers was a double bassist at Juilliard,but hesuffered a series of psychotic episodes in his early 20s,wastreated with thorazine at Bellevue,Nathaniel Ayers曾经在茱莉亚学习双重贝斯,但是在他 20 岁出头时,他患上一系列精神问题 需要服用贝尔维,作为镇静剂治疗07:43and ended up living homeless on the streets of Ski
28、d Row indowntown Los Angeles 30 years later.07:52Nathaniels story has become a beacon for homelessness andmental health advocacy throughout the United States,astold through the book and the movie The Soloist,Nathaniel的故事已成为整个美国07:58but I became his friend,and I became his violin teacher,and Itold hi
29、m that wherever he had his violin,and wherever I hadmine,I would play a lesson with him.我带着我的琴,我就会给他上课,08:07And on the many times I saw Nathaniel on Skid Row,Iwitnessed how music was able to bring him back from hisvery darkest moments,from what seemed to me in myuntrained eye to be the beginnings of
30、 a schizophrenicepisode.我亲眼目睹了音乐如何把他 那是在我这个没受训练的人看来08:15bassist:n.低音歌手 psychotic:adj.精神病的/n.精神病患者;疯子 Skid:n.打滑;车辆刹车;滑轨,滑动垫木/vt.刹住,使减速;滚滑/vi.打滑 advocacy:n.主张;拥护;辩护 Soloist:n.独奏者;独唱者 witnessed:n.证人;目击者;证据/vt.目击;证明;为作证/vi.作证人 untrained:adj.未经训练的 beginnings:n.开始,开端(beginning的复数);早期 schizophrenic:adj.精神分
31、裂症的/n.精神分裂症的患者Playing for Nathaniel,the music took on a deeper meaning,because now it was about communication,a communicationwhere words failed,a communication of a message that wentdeeper than words,that registered为Nathaniel的演奏,音乐有了更深一层的含义,08:30at a fundamentally primal level in Nathaniels psyche,y
32、etcame as a true musical offering from me.08:42I found myself growing outraged that someone likeNathaniel could have ever been homeless on Skid Rowbecause of his mental illness,yet how many tens ofthousands of others there were out there on Skid Row alone我发现自己对流浪者的现象越来越气愤,独自流浪街头08:50who had stories
33、as tragic as his,but were never going to havea book or a movie made about them that got them off thestreets?09:04And at the very core of this crisis of mine,I felt somehow thelife of music had chosen me,where somehow,perhapspossibly in a very naive sense,I felt what Skid Row reallyneeded was somebod
34、y like Paul Farmer and not anotherclassical musician playing on Bunker Hill.或许可能很天真的意义上来说,09:11primal:adj.原始的;主要的;最初的/n.被压抑童年情绪的释放/vt.释放(被压抑的童年情绪)psyche:n.灵魂;心智 outraged:adj.义愤填膺的;愤慨的,气愤的/v.使愤怒(outrage的过去式,过去分词)naive:adj.天真的,幼稚的 Bunker:n.沙坑;煤仓;燃料库/vt.使陷入困境;把球击入沙坑But in the end,it was Nathaniel who s
35、howed me that if I wastruly passionate about change,if I wanted to make adifference,I already had the perfect instrument to do it,thatmusic was the bridge that connected my world and his.如果我要选择换一条路,我已经有最好的工具帮助我 那就是音乐,连接着我和他世界的桥梁。09:29Theres a beautiful quote by the Romantic Germancomposer Robert Sch
36、umann,who said,To send light intothe darkness of mens hearts,such is the duty of the artist.有一句美丽的名言 是德国浪漫派作曲家罗伯特舒曼说的“用光照亮人们内心的黑暗,”09:43And this is a particularly poignant quote because Schumannhimself suffered from schizophrenia and died in asylum.最后在庇护所去世09:55www.XiYuS锡育软件And inspired by what I le
37、arned from Nathaniel,I started anorganization on Skid Row of musicians called StreetSymphony,bringing the light of music into the very darkestplaces,performing开始组建一个由Skid Row 流浪音乐家组成的组织10:02for the homeless and mentally ill at shelters and clinics on10:13for the homeless and mentally ill at shelters
38、 and clinics onSkid Row,performing for combat veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder,and for the incarcerated and thoselabeled as criminally insane.in the end:终于,最后 passionate:adj.热情的;热烈的,激昂的;易怒的 make a difference:有影响,有关系 quote:vt.报价;引述;举证/vi.报价;引用;引证/n.引用 composer:n.作曲家;作家,著作者;设计者 schizophren
39、ia:n.内科精神分裂症 asylum:n.庇护;收容所,救济院 Symphony:n.交响乐；谐声，和声 mentally:adv.精神上,智力上;心理上 shelters:n.庇护所;避难所(shelter的复数)/v.法庇护;保护(shelter的第三人称单数);躲藏 clinics:n.诊所(clinic的复数形式)veterans:n.老兵;退伍军人(veteran的复数形式)incarcerated:adj.箝闭的/v.监禁(incarcerate的过去式);下狱 labeled:adj.有标签的;示踪的/v.示踪(label的过去分词);贴标签于;把称为 criminally:a
40、dv.刑法上;犯了罪地,有罪地After one of our events at the Patton State Hospital in SanBernardino,a woman walked up to us and she had tearsstreaming down her face,and she had a palsy,she wasshaking,and she had this gorgeous smile,and she said thatshe had never heard classical music before,结束后,一名女子走到我们跟前 泪珠顺着她的脸留
41、下来,她患有麻痹症,会不停地在颤抖,她笑得很灿烂,她告诉我们,她之前从没通过古典音乐,10:27she didnt think she was going to like it,she had never hearda violin before,but that hearing this music was like hearingthe sunshine,and that nobody ever came to visit them,andthat for the first time in six years,when she heard us play,shestopped shaki
42、ng without medication.她觉得自己不会喜欢,10:41Suddenly,what were finding with these concerts,away fromthe stage,away from the footlights,out of the tuxedo tails,the musicians become the conduit for delivering thetremendous therapeutic benefits突然间,我们找到了演奏会 舞台,灯光,燕尾服 把有利于治疗的音乐传送到10:56of music on the brain to a
43、n audience that would never haveaccess to this room,would never have access to the kind ofmusic that we make.我们演奏的这种音乐11:09streaming:n.流;(英)按能力分组/v.流动(stream的ing形式)palsy:n.麻痹,麻痹状态;中风/vt.麻痹;使瘫痪 shaking:n.震动,震惊;挥动,摇动/v.握手(shake的ing形式);摇动;颤动 gorgeous:adj.华丽的，灿烂的；极好的 concerts:n.音乐会;演唱会;(音)协奏曲(concert的复数
44、);合奏(曲)footlights:n.脚灯,脚光(舞台前缘灯)tuxedo:n.男士无尾半正式晚礼服;无尾礼服 conduit:n.电导管;沟渠;导水管 tremendous:adj.极大的，巨大的；惊人的；极好的 therapeutic:adj.治疗的;治疗学的;有益于健康的/n.治疗剂;治疗学家Just as medicine serves to heal more than the building blocksof the body alone,the power and beauty of musictranscends the E这样的音乐就像良药 它的力量和美超越了“E”11:
45、19in the middle of our beloved acronym.“E”是我们敬爱的人的首字母缩写中间的那个字母11:30Music transcends the aesthetic beauty alone.11:33The synchrony of emotions that we experience when we hearan opera by Wagner,or a symphony by Brahms,or chambermusic by Beethoven,compels us to remember our shared,common humanity,the d
46、eeply communal听到瓦格纳的歌剧、勃拉姆斯的交响乐,或贝多芬的室内乐 那是我们共享的共通的人性,11:36connected consciousness,the empathic consciousness thatneuropsychiatrist Iain McGilchrist says is hard-wired into ourbrains right hemisphere.互相紧密意识联结,和同情心 在我们的右脑中是天生的11:50And for those living in the most dehumanizing conditions ofmental illn
47、ess within homelessness and incarceration,themusic and the beauty of music offers a chance for them totranscend the world around them,患有精神疾病的流浪汉和监狱犯人 提供他们机会,看到他们世界以外的东西12:00transcends:vt.胜过,超越 acronym:n.首字母缩略词 aesthetic:adj.美的;美学的;审美的,具有审美趣味的 synchrony:n.同步 chamber:n.(身体或器官内的)室,膛;房间;会所/adj.室内的;私人的,秘
48、密的/vt.把关在室内;装填(弹药等)music by:由某人创作的音乐 compels:v.强迫 communal:adj.公共的;公社的 consciousness:n.意识;知觉;觉悟;感觉 empathic:adj.移情作用的;神入的 dehumanizing:vt.使成兽性;使失掉人性 incarceration:n.监禁;下狱;禁闭 transcend:vt.胜过,超越to remember that they still have the capacity to experiencesomething beautiful and that humanity has not for
49、gottenthem.美妙的事物,社会没有遗忘他们12:13And the spark of that beauty,the spark of that humanitytransforms into hope,and we know,whether we choose thepath of music or of medicine,thats the very first thing wemust instill within our communities,within our audiences,ifwe want to inspire healing from within.或医学事业
50、,首要一点是12:20Id like to end with a quote by John Keats,the RomanticEnglish poet,a very famous quote that Im sure all of youknow.我要用英国浪漫诗人约翰济慈的一句名言12:38Keats himself had also given up a career in medicine topursue poetry,but he died when he was a year older thanme.济慈当年同样放弃了医学事业 投生诗歌创作,但他去世的年纪,比我现在的年龄大一