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1、2023年江西省景德镇市浮梁县考研英语一预测试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWERSHEET. (10 points)Sea turtles are found in all warm waters throughout the world. Sea turtles are the 1 of the turtles. The largest ki
2、nd of seaturtle can grow as long as eight feet and 2L500 pounds. Even the smallest kind, Kemps-Ridley, can 3 to 28 inches long and weigh almost 100 pounds. Many other turtles are small enough to 4 in your hand. It is difficult to find population numbers for sea turtles because they do not 5 shore on
3、ce they hatch and reach the ocean, which makes it hard to 6 them. Sea turtles 7 in the water because they are safer there. They cannot 8 their heads and feet into their shells like other turtles can. Sea turtles cannot hide inside their shells 9 other animals that want to eat them. They need to move
4、 quickly to stay safe.When the weather 10 warm, sea turtles leave the ocean to 11 their eggs on the beach. This is the only time they will ever leave the water. Most 12 turtles spend part of the time in water 13 part of the time on land. It is easy to understand 14 sea turtles stay in the water. The
5、ir 15 to swim is greater than their ability to walk. Their heavy bodies and unusual feet make it hard for them to 16 on land. They are better 17 for life in the water. They are well suited for life in the sea because of 18 their bodies are made.The way their feet are made helps sea turtles swim very
6、 quickly. Their feet look like long 19 When they swim, they flap their feet like a bird flaps its wings. This 20 way of swimming benefits sea turtles. It allows them to escape from their enemies.1、A.dwarfsB.giantsC. mammalsD. ancestors2、A.measureB.weighC. sellD. sound3、A.grow upB.bring upC. take upD
7、. go up4、A.suitB.fitC matchD. seize5、A.go toB.turn toC. back toD. return to6、A.keep up withB.keep track ofC. keep in touch withD. keep to7、A.swimB.hideC. sleepD. stay8、A.pushB.drawC, dragD. pull9、A.awayB.fromC. forD. to10、A.becomesB.turnsC. changesD. leads11、A.layB.lieC. laidD. lain12、A.the otherB.a
8、notherC otherD. others911. A12. C13. B14. C15. C16. B17. B18. A19. A20. BSection II Reading Comprehension2、1. C2. A3、1. D2. C3. B4. B4、1. C2. D3. A4. D5. C5、1. D2. B3. B4. C5. 1. exciting2. frozen3. all4. saying5. if6. myself7. did8. an9. After10. So7、1. convenience2. is made/has been made3. the4. j
9、oyful5. easily6. falling7. as8. , what9. but10. theirSection III Translation8、1. D2. C3. F4. A5. B9、1. D2. A3. C4. F5. G14、A. whenB , whereC. whyD. as15、A. techniqueB. talentC. abilityD. opportunity16、A. walkB. travelC. wanderD. play17、A. adoptedB. adaptedC. adequateD. admitted18、 A. the wayB. the m
10、annerC. the methodD. the shape19、A. paddlesB. sticksC. wingsD. tails20、A. abnormalB. unusualC. ordinaryD. unbelievable13、A. butB. andC. orD. soSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answ
11、ers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Over the past few years, smart home tech has become more and more accessible and ifs increasingly easy to find thatyouve bought a product that includes smart home features. So what does a modem smart home look like, and how can you start building one? You co
12、uld get to start making your home smarter by the following gadgets.Ecobee 4* Measuring both occupancy and temperature, its sensors signal your Ecobee to automatically switch to the right mode. * It only takes about 30 minutes, thanks to an easy-to-follow installation guide and an in-app step-by-step
13、 walkthrough. * Easily adjust temperature using your voice with built-in Alexa or from wherever you are using your mobile devices. Amazon Smart Plug* Amazon Smart Plug works with Alexa to add voice control.* Schedule lights, fans, and appliances to turn on and off automatically, or control them remo
14、tely when youre away. *Its simple to set up and use. Plug in, open Alexa app, and start using your voice.The Philips Hue White Smart Bulb* It works with Amazon Alexa to support dimming through voice control.* Schedule your own custom lighting scenes. Set the smart bulbs to turn on and off at a pre-s
15、et time.To install, simply screw （拧）the smart bulbs into your desired light location.* Control smart-bulb-equipped lamps and overhead lights via the Philips Hue App.August Smart Lock Pro* It works with Alexa for voice control （Alexa device sold separately）.* Control keyless access. It locks automati
16、cally behind you, and unlocks as you approach.* Install in about 10 minutes with just a screwdriver （螺丝刀）.1、What do the four gadgets have in common?A. Useful Philips Hue App.C. Easy installation and simple set-up.2、This passage is intended toA. introduce the gadgets of smart homeC , compare the gadg
17、ets with othersB. Beautiful lighting scenes.D. Pleasant temperature.B. provide advice for home decorationD. show the popularity of the gadgets Text 2For months fish that live in dark caves in Mexico go without food. They have gone far longer- thousands of years-without light, evolving to lose their
18、eyes and skin pigments （色素）.Now researchers have discovered these strange creatures haveanother oddity. They survive their food-scarce environment, the fish have evolved extreme ways of turning nutrients into energy. These features create symptoms like large blood sugar swings that, in humans, are p
19、redictors of type 2 diabetes. But in the fish these changes are adaptations, not a disease. These cave fish lead log and healthy lives.Understanding how the fish remain healthy in spite of these symptoms may lead to new approaches for treating diabetes in people, says Cliff Tabin, a geneticist at Ha
20、rvard Medical School. He and his colleagues are beginning to get clues about how cave fish survive the symptoms.In humans and other mammals, one of the first signs of type 2 diabetes risk is poor control of Wood sugar （glucose）. This happens because cells resist insulin, the hormone that signals cel
21、ls to take in glucose from the bloodstream. If the problems continue, they progress into full-blown diabetes. The illness kills 3.4 million people worldwide every year, but current treatments often do not work.The cave fish has, apparently, figured out another solution. The fish were washed from riv
22、ers into caves about a millionyears ago. It was a big change. Rivers were full of food but caves have only what is washed in by seasonal floods.Because cave fish go many months without food, researchers assumed they evolved a metabolism(新陈代谢)that efficiently stores the calories in a similar way anim
23、als store fat before winter. To test that idea, they compared the cave fish with the river fish raised under same conditions in the lab. They found the cave fish do store more visceral fat than river fish. But the cave fish also had much larger, fatty livers, which resembled diabetes-linked fatty li
24、ver disease in humans. But you dont see destruction of the liver in these guys. Tabin says. Its very curious.Cave fish researchers are now working to find out how the fish do it The only piece of total evidence is that the metabolic rate is lower in the cave fish than in their river fish relatives.s
25、ays Alex Keene of Florida Atlantic University. nThere might be something about slow energy use in cells that protects against diabetes. he says, Finding that something will, like fishing, require some patience.1 What interests researchers most in the cave fish is that.A. they have evolved to lose th
26、eir eyes and skin pigmentsB. they have evolved ways of turning nutrients into energyC. they have experienced no symptoms of diabetes in humansD. they have survived from symptoms of diabetes in humans2、It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that.A. insulin disturbs the control of blood sugarB , insulin t
27、akes in glucose from the bloodstreamC insulin prevents the rise of blood sugarD. insulin lends to progress into full-blown diabetes3、Researchers study the metabolism in the cave fish mainly by.A. testing the efficiency of storing fat inside themB comparing their fat amount with that in the river fis
28、hC. comparing their fatty livers with those of humansD. observing their livers storing fat with no destruction4、It can be concluded that the features of the cave fish.A. have enabled researchers to find out new ways to treat diabetesB , have inspired researchers about new treatments for diabetesC. h
29、ave brought in many new ideas about how to treat diabetesD. will be used as a treatment for diabetes in the near futureText 3It was the summer of 2014 when I was asked whether I wanted to go to Malibu (an island in Canada) with my church to serve the military families. At first, I heard this and tho
30、ught, nYou are asking an eleven-year-old in his last weeks of summer if he wants to go on a trip with his mom to Canada to serve other people? ” Of course, I responded with a kind refusal, but my mom found a way to convince me to go.When we were on the ferry to the island, a thousand thoughts were r
31、unning through my head, such as What am I going to do here?” Am I even going to be useful?1 and Why am I even here?” When we got to the island, I was assigned to the child care. T was actually somewhat excited because my friend said he would help me. The first time I met the kids, I got to know them
32、 pretty well. They were all between the ages of four and six. Some of them stayed behaved and a few of them started acting crazy and would even hit and push the other kids.With those kids, I was very strict, but I still tried to be positive and maintain a smile. After all, they were just innocent ki
33、ds. In most of the time, I needed to help them with things like laundry and setting tables. Even though it sounded dull, I enjoyed every second of it. One of the things I did in my free time was to play pool. I befriended a few kids there. They were really easy to talk to. Some of the things we talk
34、ed about were sports, food, video games, and most of all pool.Even though I was only at Malibu, Canada for one week, I feel like I made spiritual changes in some peoples life. You dont have to go above and beyond to make a difference in someones life. In the end, it all comes down to what way you ch
35、anged them. It could have been in a spiritual way or a mental way as long as you had a positive effect. So go out and try to make a difference in this world.1、How did the author react when asked if he liked to serve the military families?A. He hardly believed it.B , He was very confused about the de
36、cision.C. He rejected the offer.D. He was hesitant about the trip.2、How did the author feel when he was on the way to Malibu?A. He was eager for the coming challenge.B. He enjoyed every second.C - He felt somewhat excited.D. He was actually unwilling.3、As a volunteer, the authors main task on the is
37、land was.A , to attend to kids thereC. to educate kids thereC , to befriend kids thereD. to share his experiences with kids there4 What can we know about the authors stay in Malibu?A. He found the kids very hard to deal with.B. He didnt quite like the badly-behaved kids.C. He managed to get along wi
38、th most kids.D. He shared common hobbies with some kids.5、What does the author mainly tell us in the last paragraph?A. The benefits of taking the trip.B. His spiritual changes in Malibu.C. What he has learnt from the experience.D. What to do to make a greater difference.Text 4Sometimes, you just can
39、t help it. Maybe youre watching a sad movie, or thinking about the friend who moved away. Next thing you know, you feel pressure in your throat, your eyes are watering, and you have tears running down your cheeks.According to Ad Vingerhoets, a professor of psychology at Tilburg University, in the Ne
40、therlands, who is one of the few scientists in the world who have studied crying, there are three types of tears. Basal tears are the first type. They act as a protective barrier between the eye and the rest of the World. Next are reflex tears. They wash your eyes clean when something gets in them.
41、Finally, there are emotional tears. These are released in response to emotional states/5 explains Vingerhoets.Scientists believe crying has something to do with how humans developed and learned to depend on each other. Humans are very complex social creatures,says Lauren Bylsma, a professor at the U
42、niversity of Pittsburgh, in Pennsylvania. nIt seems that tears serve to arouse help and support from others J She says.Vingerhoets agrees, nI think that the reason why humans shed tears （流眼泪）has something to do with our childhood, he says. nthats the time when we are still dependent on adults for lo
43、ve and protection and care. The major advantage of emotional tears is that you can target them at a specific person/ Vingerhoets says this ability could have come in handy in prehistoric times, when humans were living among dangerous animals. Tears were a safer way to get attention. nIn this case, i
44、t is better to use a silent signal to ask for help, nhe says.Vingerhoets and Byhma do frequent studies to better understand why humans cry. According to Byhma, there is still much more to discover. nIfs surprising, nshe says, how much we still dont know.1、 In the scientists* opinion, crying is.A , a
45、 sign of human evolutionB. a result of human kindnessC. a cause of personal growthD. a means of relying on each other2、 The underlined phrase “this ability* in the last paragraph refers to the ability to.A. seek help wisely B. aim tears at someone C. cry emotionally D. appeal to other people 3、From
46、the text, we learn that Ad Vingerhoets and Lauren Bylsma. A. hold different opinions about the causes of tearsB. think positively of the effects of tears C are working together to study tears D. have learned enough about tears 4、What can be a suitable title for the text?A. The types of tears B. The
47、components of tearsC. The science of tears D. The opinions about tears Part BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A -G for each numbered paragraph (41 - 45). There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Hi,Ive got something 1(excite) to tell you I was in an elevator yesterday and saw Robin Drexel, the famous movie star! I just stood there, 2, (freeze) I couldnt say a word But 3-of a sudden, she turned to me, 4. (say),