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1、2023年浙江省杭州市西湖区考研英语一统考试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)My greatest inspiration is not from a world-known figure, but from the perseverance of a 6-year-old boy.Today, most
2、 students are at the beach. I am not among them. 2, I have devoted the whole day to making sure this event runs wonderfully.After an entire day of 3, I am standing at the stage handing out prizes to their lucky recipients. Among the golfersare musicians, lawyers and doctors, all of whom 4 for one co
3、mmon cause: Ryan. He looked up at me with his sparkling eyes and smiles. This is his5 of thanking me for devoting this 6 to helping him. Then, though, I realized heshould not thank me,7I should thank him.My cousin, Ryan, 8with autism (自 |田症)five years ago, didnt know what his future would mean 9 it.
4、But Ryan works hard, trying to make the smallest 10 every day. I try to put a little bit of Ryan into my 11.Whenever faced with what seems impossible, I 12 how he is making progress every day. In the past six years, I have learned 13 is necessary to achieve my goals, and that what seems out of my re
5、ach may not be so 14.Ryan has taught me another important lesson: people should not be judged b y what they cannot 15, So far Ivewitnessed acts of cruelty against those who are 16 on a daily basis. Ryan is a prime 17 of how people who may be different are still as worthy as others. Since his diagnos
6、is, I have 18 judging people and tried to get others around me to do the same. Ryan would never 19 somebody because he doesnt like the way he/she looks or dresses. He welcomes all people into his life, and I 20 myself because I have learned to do the same.1 A. enjoying B. behaving C. introducing D.
7、practising2、A. Thus B. However C. Besides D. Instead3、 A. swimming B. studying C. golfing D. performing4、 A. asked B. trained C. thanked D. gathered5、 A. way B. proof C. need D. dream6、 A. day B. trip C. prize D. standard7 A. or B. for C. but D. though8、 A. connected B. compared C. assisted D. diagn
8、osed9、 A. apart from B. because of C. despite D. like10、 A. arrangement B. devotion C. progress D. preparation11、 A. home B. life C. schedule D. pleasure20. ASection II Reading Comprehension2、1. B2. D3. A4. D3、1. D2. A3. D4、1. B2. C3. D5、1. D2. B3. C4. C6、 1. depending2. which3. is called4. A5. . sh
9、owed6. physically7. to have8. . greater9. combination10. to7、 1. an2. except/but3. them4. quietly5. . to seize6. threw7. speaking8. . surprised9. which10. intoSection III Translation8、1. A2. G3. F4. C5. B9、1. C2. E3. A4. G5. F12、 A. work out B. point out C. approve of D. think of13、 A. intelligence
10、B. assistance C. education D. perseveranceD. simple14 A. far B. common C. special15、 A. tell B. control C. share D. imagine16、 A. determined B. important C. different D. devoted17 A. force B. target C. example D. trend18 A. admitted B. stopped C. enjoyed D. appreciated19、A. dislikeB. accept C. forgi
11、ve D. understand20、 A. pride B. reward C. criticize D. experienceSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1The Australian postal service has ap
12、ologized for delivering a letter half a century after it was sent from an island in theSouth Pacific.A couple from Adelaide found the faded postcard, from the French Polynesian island of Tahiti, resting on their doorstep under a gas bill. It bore a postmark of 1966 and was addressed to one Robert Gi
13、orgio”, according to the Adelaide Advertiser. The postcard, which was written by someone named Chris, reads: I am enjoying myself greatly. The weather is very humid, ril try and drop you a note in England/9 Its stamp cost 3 francs, or around nine pence, and is understood to have been sent to the ori
14、ginal owner of the house, whose whereabout is unknown.“It took a while to realize it was an old one,“ said Tim Duffy, who bought the house 18 months ago with his wife, Claire, and believes it was built by an Italian man in 1963. “Then I checked the post date and its 1966. He suspects the card may ha
15、ve been sent by someone who was travelling by boat. “Its fresh enough although it is a bit faded and its got some damage to the top left, which looks like a bit of water damage J he said. Mr Dufly handed the letter back to Australia Post, who acknowledged that something had “gone wrong“ and issued a
16、n apology. It is clear that something went wrong 50 years ago after the postcard was posted in French Polynesia, and we apologise fbr the inconvenience,a spkesman said.It is not the first time that a letter has taken vastly longer than expected arrive at its destination.A love letter sent by a Briti
17、sh soldier during World War Two was apparently stuck in transit for more than 64 years before it reached RAF Lakenheath in Suffolk.1 Who wrote the postcard?A. Claire B. ChrisC. Tim Duffy D. Robert Giorgio2、What does the postcard look like?A , Nice and perfectB. Old and damagedC. Old put beautifulD.
18、Fresh but damaged3、The underlined word whereabout in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “A. location B. familyC. habit D. name4、What can be infen*ed from the text?A. The post card was sent out in 1963B. Tim Duffy accepted the apology from the Australia PostC. This is the first letter that has gone
19、 wrong during deliveringD. The person who wrote the post card would travel to EnglandText 2Microsoft has developed a new smartphone app that interprets eye signals and translates them into letters, allowing people with motor neurone disease to communicate with others from a phone.The GazeSpeak app c
20、ombines a smartphone camera with artificial intelligence to recognize eye movements in real time and convert them into letters, words and sentences.For people suffering from ALS （渐冻症）,also known as motor neurone disease, eye movement can be the only way they are able to communicate.Current eye-track
21、ing input systems for people with ALS or other motor impairments are expensive, not robust under sunlight, and require frequent re-calibration （重新校对）and substantial, relatively immobile setups J said Xiaoyi Zhang, a researcher at Microsoft who developed the technology.To mitigate the drawback, we cr
22、eated GazeSpeak, an eye-gesture communication system that runs on a smartphone, and is designed to be low-cost, robust, portable and easy to learn.The app is used by the listener by pointing their smartphone at the speaker. A chart that can be stuck to the back of the smartphone is then used by the
23、speaker to determine which eye movements to make in order to communicate.The sticker shows four grids of letters, which each correspond to a different eye movement. By looking up, down, left or right, the speaker selects which grids the letters they want belong to. The artificial intelligence algori
24、thm （计算程序） is then able to predict the word or sentence they are trying to say.1、Who is the smartphone app designed for?A. People with motor eye disease.B. People suffering from eye communication.C. People with problems in intelligence.D. People suffering from motor neurone disease.2、 The underlined
25、 word “mitigate“ in the fifth paragraph probably means.A. relieveB. get rid ofC. removeD. find3、According to the text,.A. for people suffering from ALS, eye movement is one of the best ways to communicate.B. a new communication system that runs on a smartphone is designed to be immobile.C. the speak
26、er could use the app by pointing their smartphone at the listener.D. the artificial intelligence algorithm will translate sentences for speakers.Text 3The wonderful experiment I am going to introduce proves that air is just all around and that it presses down upon us. Air pressure is a wonderful for
27、ce. When you swim underwater, you can feel water push down your body. The air all around you does the same. However, your body is so used to it that you do not notice this. The pressure is caused by a layer of air called the atmosphere. This layer surrounds the Earth, extending to about five kilomet
28、ers above the Earths surface.The following experiment is an easy one that you can do at home. But make sure that you are supervised, because you will need to use matches. Now for the experiment!What you need: A hard-boiled egg without the shell A bottle with a neck slightly smaller than the egg A pi
29、ece of paper A matchMethod:1) Check that the paper will sit firmly on the neck of the bottle.2) Tear the paper into strips and put the strips into the bottle.3) Light the paper by dropping a burning match into the bottle.4) Quickly sit the egg on the neck of the bottle.Result:Astonishingly, the egg
30、will be sucked into the bottle. Your friends will be amazed when you show them the experiment.But be careful when you handle matches.Why it happenedAs the paper burns, it needs oxygen and uses up the oxygen （air） in the bottle. The egg acts as a seal in the neck of the bottle, so no more air can get
31、 inside. This reduces the air pressure inside the bottle. The air pressure must equalize, so more air from outside must enter the bottle. The outside air pressure against the egg and then the egg is pushed into the bottle! This proves that air is all around and that it is pressing down on it.1、Why i
32、s there the need to take care when you are doing the experiment?A. The bottle could break.B. You need to light the paper with a match.C. The egg needs to be shelled.D , The egg has to be perfectly placed on the neck of the bottle.2、 In the experiment, the burning inside the bottle can.A. equalize th
33、e air pressure inside and outsideB. make a seal in the neck of the bottleC. finish up the oxygen inside the bottleD. produce more oxygen inside the bottle3、How was the egg put into the bottle?A. The oxygen inside the bottle sucked the egg in.B. It became salt without the shell.C. The neck of the bot
34、tle was wide enough.D. The outside air pressure forced it into the bottle.Text 4A scientist who developed a way to calculate how much water is used in the production of anything from a cup of coffee to a hamburger was awarded the 2008 Stockholm.Water Prize.Professor John Anthony Allan of the Univers
35、ity of London in Britain won the award for introducing the idea of virtual water （虚拟水）calculation method that has changed the nature of trade policy and research.Allan has written seven books and published more than 100 papers.The Stockholm International Water Institute said this idea is now embedde
36、d （埋藏）in the production of foods and industrial products.The institute said Allans work had made a big effect on global trade policy and research, especially in water-scarce （缺水的）regions.“The improved understanding of trade and water management issues on local,regional and global scales are of the h
37、ighest value for the successful and sustainable （可持续的）use of water resources Jit said.“People do not only use water when they drink it or take a shower,the institute said,Behind the morning cup of coffee,there are 140 liters of water that was used to grow,produce,package and ship the beans.That is a
38、bout as much water as a person in England uses on average for all daily drinking and household needs.“For a single hamburger,about 2,400 liters of water are needed.In the USA,the average person uses nearly 7,000 liters of virtual water every day.It said that was more than three times the average use
39、 of a Chinese person.1、Allan was awarded the prize because.A , he wrote seven books on trade policyB. he published more than 100 papers on water managementC. lie found a new kind of water in water-scarce areasD. he came up with the idea of virtual water2、Which of the following is TRUE according to t
40、he passage?A. The average American uses about 7,000 liters of water a day.B. The average Chinese uses nearly 2,300 liters of virtual water a day.C. An Englishman usually drinks about 140 liters of coffee a day.D. A hamburger usually contains about 2,400 liters of water.3、What do we learn about John
41、Anthony Allan from the passage?.A. He won the 2008 Nobel Prize.B. He has written over 100 books.C. He works at the University of London.D. He lives in the USA.4、What effect does the idea of virtual water have?A. It helps us realize the importance of trade.B. It helps people do successful business.C.
42、 It helps us make use of water scientifically.D. It tells us how much water we use a day.Part BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A -G for each numbered paragraph (41 45). There are two extra subheadings which you do not
43、 need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Our bodies can be younger or older than our actual age 1(depend) upon diet, lifestyle choices and physical activity This is called biological(生理的)age, 2-could be different from the age on your drivers license, which 3(call) chronologica
44、l(时 间的)age 4二 recent study of over 900 adults who were tracked for 12 years, from ages 26-38, 5二 (show) that people who were aging faster, meaning that their biological age was higher than their chronological age, were not as healthy or 6. （physical） fit This group was also more likely 7二 （have） cog
45、nitive decline （认知衰退）and was at a 8二 （great） risk for age-related health conditionsA growing body of research proves that the keys to aging successfully are a 9. （combine） of exercising regularly, keeping busy with life, and maintaining a healthy diet with nutritious foods These three key elements c
46、ould contribute 10. aging gracefully, and successfully, too（题文）One night, Mrs Riley,（小题 1） elderly woman was walking along a dark, London street She was carrying her handbag in one hand and a plastic carrier bag in the other There was nobody else in the street （小题 2） two youths They were standing in
47、 a dark shop doorway One of （小题 3） was very tall with fair hair while the other was short and fat with a beardThe youths waited for a few moments, and then ran quickly and （小题 4） （quiet） towards Mrs Riley The tall youth held her from behind while the other youth tried （小题 5） （seize） her handbagSudde
48、nly, Mrs Riley （小题 6） （throw） the tall youth over her shoulder She crashed into the other youth and they both landed on the ground Without （小题 7） （speak）, Mrs Riley struck both of them on the head with her handbag, and walked calmly awayThe two （小题 8） （surprise） youths were still sitting on the ground when Mrs Riley crossed the street towards a door, above （小题 9） there was a lighted sign Mrs Riley paused, turned round, smiled at the youth