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1、高考英语七选五解题之利用行文手段（教学案例）王彩虹一、依据词汇线索解题词汇线索主要包括代词线索和词汇复现两种情况。1 .代词线索英语表达中，代词出现的频率极高。代词主要是为避免重复，用于指代前面提到的人或 物，有时也用于指代前面提到的名词或概念。巧妙利用这样的指代关系可以有效地帮助我们 做出正确的选择。代词指代一定要注意两种情况，一是选项中的代词要特别关注，二是挖空 后面的句子中的代词要特别关注。示例（2018 全国卷山）“I adore dancing, says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa.I cant imagi
2、ne doing anything else with my life7, Bridges runs dance classes for all ages.Teaching dance is wonderful. 37 It?s great to watch them.For many of them, its a way of meeting people and having a social life.C.If you like dancing outdoors, come to America.D.My older students say it makes them feel you
3、ng.分析本题可利用代词指代解题。根据设空前一句Teaching dance is wonderful”可知， 下文应与教别人跳舞有关，又根据设空后一句It，s great to watch them”中的“them”可知，待 填句中应包含一个表示人的复数名词，故选D。2 .词汇复现词汇复现指相同词汇的重复使用、同义词和近义词的复现或同一范畴词的复现。英语的 线性思维表现为第一句话的宾语，往往是第二句的主语，或者前后句有相同或重叠的词语。 这种前后句语义的衔接常以句子中关键词（常为名词、动词、形容词）的同义词、近义词（组） 或反义词（组）复现的方式来实现。解题时可以利用这些词作为解题线索。示例
4、（2019全国卷H）3 37Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus （教学大纲）and learning management system information to be sure the answer isnt hiding in plain sight.F.Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.G
5、.Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.分析本题可利用词汇复现解题。对比本空以及所给的选项，可以看出空格后的 Questions与G项中的questions相对应。根据空格后的意思推断，此段讲的是要提出好的有 水平的问题，故选G项“问问题，但要确保这些问题是好的、深思熟虑的问题，二、依据逻辑和衔接关系解题文章由段落组成，围绕中心话题展开。各段、句之间形成一定的语义逻辑关系，有总分、 并列、层递、转折、对比、解释、例证、因果关系等。“七选五”阅读理解的解题策略之一就 是理清这些关系，并据此选出正确答案。我
6、们要熟记常见的逻辑关系的标识词。1 .表示转折关系：however, though, yet, on the contrary 等；2 .表示因果关系:so, therefore, thus, as a result 等；3 .表示顺序:at first, then, later, after, finally 等；4 .表示并列与递进关系：and, whats more, not only.but also, firstly, secondly 等；5 .表示歹U举：some.others, the second., the third., for one thing.for another
7、 等。示例（2019 全国卷H）Your personal circumstances are equally important.For example, you may want to be a pilot but cant become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 40 You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.C.However, this should not discourage you.D.So why shou
8、ld we try to set specific goals?分析本题可利用转折关系解题。根据空格前举的例子，想当飞行员，但视力不够好, 你不能因为视力不够好就泄气了，你得把自己当飞行员的目标换一下，重新设定一个目标， 选项C“然而，这不应该使你气馁”与之对应。课后练习（一）How to Cut Back on Playing Video GamesAs you get older and shoulder more responsibilities in your life,your gaming time might need to adjust.Here s what worked w
9、ell for me.Start Tracking Your Gaming TimeOne of the reasons why video games eat up so much time is that they re so engaging.1 can t count how many times I ve sat down to play games for a couple of minutes and then looked up to see hours have gone by.Tracking your gaming time can help,says psycholog
10、ist John M.Grohol.Prepare a spreadsheet or a piece of paper,and write down when you start playing a game and when you stop. 1 I found it helpful.Start Choosing Games Wisely2 MMOs and RPGs,for example,are major time sinks.I would probably cry if I looked at my total time spent during the golden age o
11、f World of War-craft.If you re having a hard time stepping away from these kinds of games because there s so much to do in them,cut them out of your gaming diet. 3 That way,you can play in short bursts.1 still indulge in these kinds of games occasionally,but I don t play as much as I used to.Figure
12、Out What You re EscapingVideo games are a fun way to destress and also one of the most advanced forms of escapism out there.To reduce my gaming thirst I started looking at my escapism habits from another angle. 4Video games do offer a nice respite from the harsh truths of reality.More often than not
13、,I would be able to identify the things that were stressing me out and making me want to escape to virtual worlds in the first place.If work was getting me downd make a practical plan on how to improve it instead of grappling a controller. 5 The real world doesn t always offer that,but it never will
14、 if you always run from the issues in your life.A.Why not get away from the game you are crazy about?B.Shift your focus to games that are more pick-up-and-play.C.Then add up your total gaming time at the end of each week.D.We find it hard to get rid ourselves of the addiction to games.E.I asked myse
15、lf What am I hiding from?” and worked from there.F.Some games require a much bigger time investment than other games.G.We often run to video games because they make us feel powerful and in control.（二）What to Do When Someone Doesnt Like YouWhen someone tells me,I don t care if people like me,“ they a
16、re showing me the emotional wall they use to block the hurt of rejection.As humans are social animals,all of us care if people like us.Based on the need for social connection,your reactions to rejection and negative judgment can range from minor hurt to breakouts of depression. 1The first step to ha
17、ndle a negative situation is to recognize your reaction.Ask yourself,uWhat am I feeling? 2 Any betrayal （背叛）or embarrassments in your heart?Identify what feeling has shown up in your body?So you can choose what to do next.3 When you sense yourself shutting down or feeling defensive,ask yourself what
18、 the person actually meant to do to you.Did they truly mean to offend you,or make fun of you?Your brain works very hard to keep you safe,so it will judge a situation as threatening if there is any possibility of social harm.When our brains sense a possible threat,we react as if we were personally at
19、tacked.Take a breath to relieve the stress. 4Finally,if you believe the person doesn t like you,ask yourself if this matters. 5 If not,what can you do to release your need to be liked by this person?And,what can you do to stay neutral and not return the dislike?The more you can come to accept others
20、 as who they are,the more you can move forward with your goals regardless if someone likes you or not.A.If you can,look the person in their eyes.B.Do you feel any fear or anger in your head?C.Ask yourself what is true about the situation.D.Often people do not realize the impact of their words.E.Will
21、 the person s judgment of you impact your work or life?F.The ability to let a show of dislike roll off your back is a learned skill.G.This will ground you in the present and take you out of your trembling mind.（三）The Chinese philosopher Lao Tzu once said,“If you are depresses you are living in the p
22、ast.If you are anxious you are living in the future. 1After centuries,this statement is still true.People are filled with anxiety,as they struggle to make a living or to keep up with society s standards. 2 They are stressed because of what awaits,yet ignoring what they must do at the moment to estab
23、lish a better future for themselves.Sadly,nearly one in 33 children and one in eight adolescents have clinical depression.Tn my view,the encouragement of unhealthy competition and perfectionism has led to his problem.4 From an early age,my parents taught me to settle for nothing less than an A on my
24、 tests and papers.I was persuaded that my grades would determine my worth.Therefore,I denied all my friends invitations to their parties and practiced math over the weekend.I was embarrassed at the sight of a low A and felt pressured to keep an outward image of perfection.One day,my friend Neha said
25、, 4 You re president of the orchestra,an All-State violist（中提琴演奏 者）,an amazing tennis player,a straight A student,! mean,you re perfect. I smiled at Neha,though I knew that T wasn t really perfect. 5 Preoccupied with viola,tennis,and keeping my high grades,! hadn t given enough attention to my healt
26、h.! didn, t experience depression or anxiety during this time,but I wanted to lie on the grass,on a summer day just watching the clouds move and to walk by the shore,watching the waves lap the sand.I wanted to live in the present.A.Michele,! wish I were you.B.I avoided pleasures and studied hard.C.O
27、n the inside,! was stressed and anxious.D.Anxiety problems affect one in eight children.E.If you are at peace you are living in the present.F.CertainlyJ have experienced both the guilt and anxiety that Lao Tzu described.G.They regret their past decisions,though they cannot change what has already occurred.参考答案：（一）CFBEG （二）FBCGE （三）EGFAC