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1、第05讲名词性从句之主语从句学习目标1 . 了解主语从句的概念和用法。2 .可以依据本节课的内容来完成一些习题。i|B基础知识关于各种从句，有一个浅显易懂的规律：它在句子里面是什么成分，就是什么从句。比方: 定语从句：作定语的从句I have a dog地组约yqj及我有一只可爱的狗主语谓语宾语 定语从句（句中做定语，限定修饰前面的名词dog） 宾语从句：作宾语的从句，放在动词或介词后面I think the dog ii very cute.我觉得这个狗很可爱主语 谓语宾语从句（句中做think的宾语） 状语从句：作状语的从句I bought a dog区以生计3也出世二我买了一只狗由于它很
2、可爱主语 谓语 宾语状语语从句（句中做状语，表缘由）那么，主语从句是？聪慧的人都能看出来作主语的呗主语从句结构及用法在句子中担当主语的从句就叫做主语从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。通常结构为“引导词+主语+谓语+其他成分、一.概念：在句子中担当主语的从句就叫做主语从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代 替，而本身放在句子末尾。主语从句使用陈述语序，其通常结构为“引导词+主语+谓语+其他成分”，但当连接代词同时充当 从句主语时，其结构为“连接代词+谓语+其他成分。二.引导词:弓I 导主语从句 的词有连词：that, whether, if；连接代
3、词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose,25. that【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：盼望你能从这次事故中吸取教训。此处考查it作形式主语，that引导真 正的主语从句，故填that。26. What【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：Lara和其他IT工程师在他们的第一次海外任务中遇到的是文化冲击。 分析可知空格处引导主语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，表示“什么应用what,句首单词首字母大写。故填 Whato27. That【详解】考查主语从句。句意：在当今社会，人们普遍认为美来自内心。因此我们应当特别重视内在美。 分析句子结构可知_
4、 beauty es from within为主语从句，且从句意义完整，不缺成分。故应用that引导主语 从句。句首单词首字母要大写。故填That。28. Whoever【详解】考查主语从句。句意：无论谁想在运动会上做志愿者，都应当在本周五之前做好预备。依据句意 并分析句子结构可知，该空引导主语从句且在从句中作主语，表示“,的任何人应用whoever,句首单 词首字母耍大写。故填Whoever。29. What【详解】考查主语从句。句意：一些同学没有意识到的是，他们的时间不知不觉地溜走了。空处引导主语 从句，从句缺少宾语，表示“的事，应用连接代词what。故填What。30. Where【详解
5、】考查主语从句。句意：我们将在哪里度过我们的暑假现在还不确定，但我个人盼望去一个海滨城 市。分析句子结构可知we w川spend our summer holiday为主语从句，从句缺少地点状语，应用where 来引导主语从句，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Where。31. Whether【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们是否需要更多的饮料和食物取决于今晚有多少客人参与聚会。本句的 谓语局部是dependson因此该空引导的是主语从句，从句成分完整，但缺少“是否之意，故应用连接词 whether引导，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Whether。32. that【详解】考查主语从句。句意：令我
6、们惊异的是，古代的工匠能够雕刻出如此巨大的佛像。分析句子结构 可知，本句中的It为形式主语，空处引导的从句为真正的主语，由于从句意义完整，不缺成分，用连接词 that引导。故填that。【详解】考查主语从句。句意：很多游客所最珍视唐人街的是它的食物。句子的谓语为is, is前为主语从 句，从句缺主语，为物，应用连接词what,设空处在句首，单词首字母要大写。故填What。34. that【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我们所学的学问很可能有一天会被应用到实践中去。It is very likely that., 固定句型，意为“很可能，此处it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。故th
7、at。35. What【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们现在看到的是噪音的消逝并不肯定会马上导致生态功能的恢复。分析 句子可知，wee seeing now ”在句中为主语从句，同时空处内容作see的宾语，表示“看到的东西， 所以使用连接代词what,因处于句首，所以首字母大写。故填What。36. what【详解】考查主语从句。句意：Peter什么也没说，但他说的话让他认真思索。空处引导主语从句，引导词 在从句中作said的宾语，指物，应用what引导。故填what。37. what【详解】考查主语从句。句意：让我印象最深的是杂交水稻使农夫们大大增加了产量。分析句子可知，空 处引导主语从句，从
8、句缺少主语，且指代后文提到的事情，应用连接代词what。故填what。38. How【详解】考查主语从句。句意：方案如何被执行仍旧需要被争论。分析句子可知，该句是主语从句，从句 中不缺少成分，因此可使用连接副词how在主语从句中作方式状语，位于句首时首字母需大写。故填Howo 39. Whether【详解】考查主语从句。句意：新的有机农业是否有效还有待观看。分析句子，remain to be seen为主句谓 语局部，使用了单三形式，由此可知，该空需要连接词引导主语从句；依据句意，有待于观看的应当是一 个问题，应当是这种新的有机种植是否有效这个问题，需要“是否含义，在句首直接引导主语从句，只
9、用whether不行用if。故填Whether.40. Where【详解】句意：试验室建在哪里还没有确定。分析句子可以，此句子是一个主语从句，横线处的单词引导 从句，且在句子中作为地点状语，首字母应当大写，故填Where。41. That【详解】考查主语从句。句意：很多地方仍旧面临食品短缺，这仍旧是一个大问题。分析可知设空处连接 主语从句，从句中不缺少成分，引导词无意义，应用that连接，句首单词首字母大写，故填That。42. What【详解】考查主语从句。句意：幸存者们试图去做的是为挽救他们性命的英雄们建一个纪念碑。分析句子结构可知这是一个含有主语从句的复合句，空白处在主语从句中作t。do
10、的宾语表示详细的内容，应使用what引导主语从句，故填What o43. what【详解】考查主语从句。句意：虽然已经有两千名患者服用了这种药物，但还不确定这种药物会对疾病产 生什么影响。此处it作形式主语，空处引导主语从句，从句修饰impact,应用what。故填what。44. When【详解】考查主语从句。句意：杰克放学回家的时间是经过计算的，这样妈妈就可以保证他吃到热乎的饭 菜。“Jack gets home after schoor，作主语，所以空处引导主语从句，从句缺少时间状语，应用when 来引导，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填When。45. that【详解】考查主语从句。句意
11、：让我们惊异的是，我们的外教会背诵唐诗。it是形式主语，后面从句是主 语从句，从句成分和句意完整，用that引导。故填that。46. Whether【详解】考查主语从句。句意：他是否会为我们供应足够的关心对我们的胜利并不重要。分析句子结构可 知，此处应填连词引导主语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，但是句意不完整，结合句意可知，此处为whether 意为“是否符合句意且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Whether。47. What【详解】考查主语从句的连接词。句意：使我们特别惊异的是汤姆竟然一句话也没说就走了。依据句意分 析句子可知， surprised us very much，z是该句子的主语，
12、也就是说这是一个主语从句， 但该主语从句缺少主语，所以空格处应当填入一个连接代词作主语，且意义为“的事物，所以应当 用连接代词whato故填Whato48. Who【详解】考查主语从句。句意：谁能照看好我们的孩子让我们很担忧。此处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语, 指人，应用连接代词who,句首单词，首字母要大写。故填Who。49. Whether【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我不清晰她是否喜爱这个礼物。此处引导主语从句，由句意可知，此处表 示“是否，应用whether引导，首字母大写。故填Whether。50. that【详解】考查主语从句。句意：古代人能建筑如此宏大的建筑，真是令人赞叹。It是形式
13、主语，空处引导 主句从句，从句成分和意义都完整，应用that引导。故填that。【详解】考查连词。句意：无论谁最终离开房间都要记得关灯。分析句子可知，此处为连词Whoever“无论 谁，引导的主语从句，满意句意要求，连词Whoever在从句中作主语成分。故填Whoever。52. that【详解】考查主语从句。句意：据计算，欧洲铁路每年在维护上的花费约为200亿欧元，包括常常在夜间 派遣修理人员检查和修理铁路根底设施。句中it is calculated that为固定句型，意为“据计算，其中it为 形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句。故填that。53. What【详解】考查主语从
14、句。句意：他最担忧的是农夫常常歉收，有时甚至严峻缺乏食物。分析句子结构，此 处考查主语从句，从句中缺主语，表示担忧的东西，所以要用what来引导；空格置于句首，首字母要大 写，即What。故答案为What。54. Whoever【详解】考查主语从句。句意：无论谁来都欢送参与露天音乐会。此处缺少主语从句引导词，从句缺少主 语表示“无论谁”应使用whoever,位于句首首字母大写，故填Whoever。55. What【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们确信有必要防止孩子被宠坏。引导主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事 情应用what。句首单词首字母要大写。故填What。56. what【详解】考查主语从句。
15、句意：总统能做些什么来结束罢工，这一点不清晰。分析句子可知，It是形式主 语，the president can do to end the strike是主语从句，从句中缺宾语，应用连接代词what引导该从句, 意为“什么事情。故填what。57. what【详解】考查主语从句。句意：令学校感到骄傲的是，90%以上的同学被重点高校录用。分析句子可知， 此处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“学校感到骄傲的事情，故用what来引导，且首字母大写。 故填Whato58. that【详解】考查主语从句。句意：据估量，多达60%的当地人口正通过这些无线电播送得到播送。分析句子, 句中it为形式主语，
16、真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，引导词在从句中不作成分，只起到引导作用。故 填 thato59. how【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：你怎么穿并不重要。没有人在乎。分析句子结构可知，本句为主语从句, it作形式主语，真正的主语为_ youre dressed,从句缺少方式状语、所以用连接副词how。依据句意，故填 howo60. that【详解】考查主语从句。句意：明年这个时候我们很有可能在西班牙。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中 引导一个从句，从句中不缺任何成分，也不缺意义，故应用that引导。这是一个主语从句，前面的it作形 式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句。故填that。61. Whet
17、her【详解】考查主语从句。句意：你去还是留对我来说没有什么区分。该空引导主语从句，意为“是否，用whether,首字母大写。故填Whethero62. What【详解】考查连词。句意：最让我们惊异的是她的艺术作品很快就知名了，并在大英博物馆展出。分析句 子可知，此处为连词what引导的主语从句，连词what在从句中作主语成分，意为“一些事情。故填Whato 63. That【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：你要来北京是我很久以来听到的最好的消息。分析句子结构可知，本句 为主语从句，从句不缺少成分，且句意完整，所以用连接代词that引导，不行省略。故填That。64. What【详解】考查主语从句
18、。句意：使这家商店不同的是它供应更多的共性化效劳。分析句子结构，空处引导 主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“什么，应用what引导从句，置于句首，首字母大写。故填What。65. . that【详解】考查名词性从句连接词。句意：他突然想起他把钥匙遗忘在办公室里了。occurrto sb意为“被想 到，消失在头脑中，依据句子结构分析可知题干中it是形式主语，真正的主语是名词性从句“he had left his keys in the office，z。通过分析从句“he had left his keys in the office他把钥匙落在了 办公室里）句 意完整，不缺成分，所以填that。
19、在名词性从句中that没有任何意思也不充当句子成分，只是在句中起引 导作用。故填that。66. That【详解】考查主语从句。句意：你不喜爱他，这不关我事。句中is是谓语，整个句子是含有主语从句的复 合句。从句中you dont like him句意表达完整，内容结构都不缺，而主语从句不行省略引导词，所以用that 来引导该从句。故填That。67. When【详解】考查连接词。句意：她什么时候动身去伦敦还没有打算。或许明天，或许下周。依据句意可知， 此处为连词when什么时候引导主语从句，作从句的状语，满意句意要求。故填When。【详解】考查主语从句。句意：任何剩下的食物都可以放进冰箱，在
20、那里可以保存两三个星期。分析句子 结构可知，“is left over为主语局部，所以空处引导主语从句。主语从句中缺少主语，依据 句意可知，无论剩下什么，都可以放入冰箱。所以用whatever“无论什么，引导主语从句。故填Whatever。 69. What【详解】考查主语从句。句意：令我惊异的是这家公司收到了如此多来自申请者的简介。本处是主语从句, 空处是主语从句的引导词，在从句中作主语，表示“什么，故引导词用what；句首单词首字母首字母用 大写。故填What。70. whether【详解】考查主语从句。句意：目前还不清晰这名男子是嫌疑人还是侦探。分析句子可知，It是形式主语, “the
21、man is a suspect or a detective/是主语从句，空处可填主语从句的连接词。由句意和句中“or可知，此处应使用连接词whether,意为“不管还是；是否。故填whether。which, whichever；连接副词： when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why。1 .连词that, whether, if引导的主语从句that在主语从句中不作成分，没有意思，不能省略；whether和if虽不作句子的成分，但有“是否的 意思，且if引导的主语从句不能位于句首。That she is still alive is
22、 a consolation.她还活着是使人感到宽慰的。That she became an artist may have been due to her fathers influence.她成为画家可能是受她父亲的影响。Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen.是否对我们有害还要看一看。Whether they would support us was a problem.他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。2 .连接代词 what, whatever, who, whoever, which, whichever 弓| 导的主语从句what
23、, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever 在主语从句中起代词的作用， 可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语，有详细的意思且不能省略。What surprised us was that he passed the driving test.使我们感到惊异的是他通过了驾驶考试。Whatever I have is yours.我所拥有的一切都是你的。Who will go is not important.谁将去是不重要的。Whoever is here gets a prize.不管谁来，都能获奖。Which t
24、eam will win the match is still unknown.哪个队将赢得竞赛还不知道。Whichever you choose is OK.不管你选哪一个都行。3 .连接副词 when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why 弓I 导的主语从句when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why在主语从句中起副词的作用，作状语，有详细的意 思且不能省略。When we arrive doesnft matter.什么时候到没有关系。Whenever you e is OK.你
25、无论何时来都行。Where I spend my summer is no business of yours.我在哪里过暑假不关你的事。Wherever she wants to go is not allowed.无论她想要去哪儿都是不被允许的。How it was done was a mystery.这是怎样做的是一个谜。However late you e doesnt matter.无论你来的有多晚都没关系。Why he did it wasnt quite clear.他为什么做那件事是不清晰的。4 .用it作形式主语的主语从句假如主语从句太长，为了防止句子结构头重脚轻，我们可以
26、用it作形式主语，而把主语从句放在主句谓语局部之后。常见的结构有:It+is+形容词+that.，常见的形容词有 known, clear, necessary, likely, unlikely, right, wrong, important, certain, obvious, strange, natural 等。That the earth turns around the sun is known to us all.一It is known to us all that the earth turns around the sun.地球围着太阳转这一点是众所周知的。Whether
27、 he will e or not is not clear.一It is not clear whether /if he will e or not.他是否要来还不清晰。It+is+名词+that., 常见的名词有 a pity, a shame, a fact, an honour, a mystery, a wonder, no wonder, good news, mon knowledge 等。It is a pity that he didnt pass the exam.他没有通过考试真圆满。It is a wonder that he survived the crash.他
28、从坠机大事中幸存下来真是个奇迹。It is no wonder that he has achieved so much success.难怪他取得如此大的胜利。It+is+动词过去分词+that.，常见的过去分词有 said, believed, reported, pointed out, hoped, thought, decided, ordered 等。It is said that he is a famous writer.据说他是位闻名的作家。It is reported that there will be a storm this afternoon.据报道今日下午有暴风雨
29、。It+特别动词+that.，常见的特别动词有 seem, appear, happen, matter, turn out, occur to, make a difference 等。It seems that it is going to rain.天看起来要下雨了。It happened that I didnt take any money with me.碰巧我身上没带钱。It occurred to me that I didnt close the window.我突然想起我没有关窗户。It+使令性动词+sb.+that，常见的动词有 worry, shock, surpris
30、e, satisfy, upset 等。It upset him a lot that he was fired.他被解雇 了 使他很难受。It surprised me that she brought up three children on her own.她单独抚养三个孩子使我感到惊讶。主语从句不行位于句首的五种状况首先我们大家都明白在复合句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。简洁把它理解成名词，但形式是 一个句子。那主语从句就是在句中作主语，主语从句的位置与陈述句中主语位置相同的(l)if引导的主语从句不行居于复合句句首。It is uncertain if he will leave
31、 for Beijing tomorrow.(2) It is said , (reported)结构中的主语从句不行提前。例如：It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week, (right)That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said, (wrong)(3) It happens., It occurs.结构中的主语从句不行提前。例如：It occurred to him that he failed in the examinatio
32、n, (right)That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (wrong)(4) It doesnt matter how/whether .结构中的主语从句不彳亍提前。例如：It doesnt matter whether he is wrong or not. (right)Whether he is wrong or not doesnt matter, (wrong)含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不行提前。例如：Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? (right
33、)Is that will rain in the evening likely? (wrong)注：What引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语.宾语.表语，而that那么不然。例如：1) What you said yesterday is right.2) That she is still alive is a consolation.1暮真题演练,llllllllllltlllllllllllllllllllllllllllll I I1. Hubble is based in space allows it to see further than groundbased
34、 telescopes, and it allows scientists to learn more about the universe.2. It is well-known to us all Li Bai was a great Chinese poet.3. he said is very important.4. matters most is whether you are willing to learn and to study hard.5. team wins on Saturday will go to the national championships.6. am
35、azed me was that he arranged for a car to pick me up at the airport.7. It is not clear the plan is practical, but we can give it a go.8. his dream of going to college will e true is uncertain.9. surprised me most was that such a little girl of seven could play the violin so well.10. he will join us
36、wont make too much difference.11. It was never clear the man hadnt reported the accident in time.12. beat Xiao Wang black and blue is not known.13. It is reported Zhong Nanshan was awarded the Medal of the Republic because of his contributions tofighting against COVID 19.14. It makes me feel good yo
37、u care about me.15. It matters little does it so long as it is done.16. they will solve the serious problem has not been decided.17. he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.18. It is estimated total investment in the country will continue to increase this year.19. We all thought it was a
38、 pity he missed such a good chance.20. It is no wonder some young people, under the growing pressures, would try to live in a simple way.21. interested her most was the news reported on the TV.22. It is a pity he missed such a good chance to go abroad to study.23. gets home first starts cooking supp
39、er.24. I have achieved in the tough task is credited to the guidance of my teachers.25. It is hoped you can learn a lesson from this accident.26. Lara and other IT engineers met on their first assignment abroad was a culture shock.27. beauty es from within is widely accepted in todays society. There
40、fore, we should attach great importance to inner beauty.28. wants to be a volunteer in the sports meeting should get prepared before this Friday.29. some students didnt realize was that their time was slipping away insensibly.30. we will spend our summer holiday is still uncertain now, but I persona
41、lly hope to go to a seaside city.31. we need more drink and food depends on how many guests will e to the party this evening.32. It is amazing to us ancient craftsmen were able to carve such a giant Buddha.33. many tourists treasure most about Chinatown is its food.34. It is very likely the knowledg
42、e we learn will be applied to practice some day.35. were seeing now is that disappearance of the noise doesnt necessarily immediately result in arecovery of ecological function.36. Peter didnt say anything, but he said made him think carefully.37. struck me most was that the hybrid rice enabled farm
43、ers to expand their output greatly.38. the project is to be carried out still needs discussing.39. the new organic farming is effective remains to be seen.40. the laboratory is to be set up has not been determined.41. many places still are suffering food shortages remains a big concern.42. the survi
44、vors attempted to do was to build a memorial to the heroes who saved their lives.43. While two thousand patients have taken it, its uncertain impact the medicine will have on thedisease.44. Jack gets home after school is calculated so that Mum can ensure him warm meals.45. It surprised us our foreig
45、n teacher can recite Tang poems.46. he will offer us enough help doesnt matter a lot to our success.47. surprised us very much was that Tom should have left without a word.48. could take good care of our kids worried us a lot.49. she likes the present is not clear to me.50. It is amazing the ancient
46、 people could have built such great architecture.51. leaves the room last should remember to switch off the lights.52. It is calculated European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year onmaintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the ra
47、il infrastructure.53. concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.54. es will be weled to the openair concert.55. we are sure about is the need to prevent children from being spoiled.56. It is by no means clear the president ca
48、n do to end the strike.57. made the school proud was that more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.58. It is estimated up to 60% of the local population is being reached through these radio broadcasts.59. It doesnt matter you9re dressed. No one cares.60. Its quite likely well