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1、Section III Using Language & Assessing Your Progress重点词汇讲解Pointl infer用法详解infer W.推断What can we infer about the parent from her reply in Paragraph 1?从文章第一段中的家长回答中我们可以推断出关于她的什么信息？I inferred from his attitude that he didnt like her.我从他的态度中推断出他不喜欢她。归纳拓展inference九U推论;推断C推断的结果;结论特别提醒infer变过去式、过去分词时要双写“r”
2、再加“ed”,即inferredo易混词inferconclude辨析比较infer与conclude区别例句由事实等推理而得It is reasonable to infer that the government knew about these deals.有理由推出,推断出想政府知悉这些交易。由事实、观察等总W汕 this, we conclude our series of articles on this subject.我们以这篇文章结结出，结束束了关于这个主题的系列文章。经典例题1 .根据汉语意思完成句子我们可以从上下文中推断这个词的含义。We in the context.我
3、从这则消息中推断出这个事实。I from the news.2 .单句语法填空(l)From her reply we drew the (infer) that she had already seen the document.(2)The judge inferred the answer of the witness that he was trying (conceal) something.His (infer) turned out to be right in the end.参考答案1 .(l)can infer the meaning of the wordinferred
4、 the fact谓语动词用过去式。2 .(l)inference定冠词后用名词形式。from;to conceal inference句意:法官从证人的回答中推断出他想掩盖一些东西。他的推断后来证明 是对的。try to do sth.设法做某事。Point2 patent用法详解patent几专专利品，专利权上批准专利，获得专利时有专利的,受专利保护的He took out a patent for his new invention.他取得了一项新发明专利。He patented the idea that the atom could be split.他得到了原子可以分裂的这个见解的
5、专利权。归纳拓展take out a patent for 获得一项的专利hold a patent on拥有的专利权apply for a patent on an invention 申请发明专利经典例题1 .根据汉语意思完成句子研究者们已经将这个过程申请为专利。The researchers their procedure.(2)那项发明已被那所大学申请了专利。The invention by the university.2 .单句语法填电The government gave patent to engineer (name) Edward Claghorn so that othe
6、rs would not copy his (invent) of a safety device.参考答案1 .(1) have applied for a patent on2 2) has been patented3 .a; named; inventionPoint3 passion用法详解passion机酷爱;激情;热爱There was also a teacher of botanical science, who introduced me to my passion for flowers.还有一个植物学老师，他使我对花产生了极大的热情。One should always
7、be full of passion in his life no matter how old he is.无论多大岁数，人应该总是在生活中充满激情。I have a passion for Marketing and it is a promising industry nowadays.我对销售行业很有热情,而且它现在是个前途很好的行业。归纳拓展have a passion for 酷爰，喜爰have a passion to do sth.殷切希望做某事passionate 矽热情的您不可遏的热烈的passionately 热情地;狂热地经典例题1 .根据汉语意思完成句子作者把读小说当
8、作是培养学习热情的一种方法。The author takes novel reading as a way to learning.我酷爱足球，并且是校足球队的队长。I football, and Im the captain of my school football team.2 .单句语法填空His early experience turned him into a (passion) social reformer.参考答案1 .(1) develop a passion for2 2) have a passion for2.passionate句意:他早年的经历使他变成了一个狂热
9、的社会改革者。句中需用形容词做定语,修饰后 面的名词reformer。Point4 come to power用法详解come to power(开始)掌权;上台The party came to power at the last election.这个政党是在上次大选中上台执政的。归纳拓展come to/into power 掌权;上台(be) in power执政;当权in onepower在某人的掌控中beyond one飞power某人力所不能的do all/everything in ones power to do sth.尽某人所能做某事The dark, rainy even
10、ing, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power.漆黑的夜晚，风雨交加，电闪雷鸣,我完全被这种力量镇住了。相关词汇积累：powerful强大的;有影响/感染力的;有势力的powerfully。小.强大地;有影响/感染力地;有势力地Never before has our country been so powerful as it is today.我们的祖国从未像今天这样强大。Organizational culture powerfully influences a companys performan
11、ce.组织文化很有力地影响着一个公司的业绩。经典例题1 .单句语法填空(l)He felt himself so (power) attracted to the scientific ideal.(2)The Greeks are still (power) players in the world shipping.2 .根据汉语意思完成句子他上台执政已经五年了。It has been five years since he .(2)我将竭尽全力帮助你了解更多剪纸艺术的知识。ril do everything in our power you know more knowledge of
12、the paper-cutting art.参考答案1 .(1) powerfully句意:他感到自己被这一科学理想十分强烈地吸引住了。设空处修饰动词attract,故用副词形式。powerful句意:希腊人依然是世界航运业强有力的竞争者。形容词修饰名词playerso2 .(l)came to/into power (2) to helpPoint5 consequence用法详解.C结果果The consequence of a rising sea level would be widespread flooding.海平面升高的后果将是洪水泛滥。(2)九U(正式用语)重要性;重大(im
13、portance)Dont worry. Its of little consequence.别担心，这并不重要。归纳拓展as a consequence/in consequence=as a result (正式用语W吉果;因止匕as a consequence/in consequence of=as a result of (正式用语)由于.的缘故She was over the age limit and, as a consequence, her application was rejected.她超龄了，结果她的申请被 拒绝了。My father coughs frequent
14、ly as a consequence of smoking.因为吸烟，我父亲经常咳嗽。相关词汇积累：consequent。力.随之发生的，作为结果的consequently。公.结果;因此;所以经典例题1 .根据汉语意思完成句子(1)价格上涨是由农作物歉收引起的。The rise in price upon the failure of the crops.(2)他从哪里来对我来说不重要。一Where he is from to me.2 .单句语法填空(l)This caused a threat to agriculture and the food chain, and (conseq
15、uent) to human health.(2)Mistakes due to carelessness may have serious (consequent).参考答案1 .(1) is consequent be consequent upon由引起的，随发生的。(2)is of no consequence2 .(1 Consequently句意:这对农业和食物链造成了威胁,由此而危及了人类的健康。(2)consequences句意:由粗心大意造成的错误有可能带来严重的后果。Point6 flee用法详解也(fled, fled, fleeing)逃离;逃避；消散He killed
16、 his enemy and fled his native village.他杀死了仇人，逃离了家乡。The smile fled from her face.她脸上的笑容消失了。We were forced to flee to the country我们被迫逃往国外。How could one flee from the tide and times?可是谁能跳得出潮流和时代的篱藩？归纳拓展flee to逃往;逃至flee (away) from 逃离;逃避经典例题单句语法填空(1)The Red Cross set up a camp for refugees (flee) from
17、the war.(2)He (flee) to London after an argument with his family.(3)Its very difficult for scientists to explain exactly what causes animal (flee) or panic before an earthquake.参考答案(l)fleeing句意:红十字会为逃避战争的难民设立了一个营地。flee与所修饰的名词refugees是主动关 系,用现在分词做定语。(2)fled (3)to fleePoint? take up a position用法详解take
18、 up是一个常用词组,意思很丰富。常见意思：接受(建议或能得到的东西)In order to get the job, I have to take up his suggestion.为了得到这份工作，我只好接受他的建议。拿起He takes up a pen and writes down his name.他拿起钢笔写下自己的名字。开始从事;学着做，开始做I took up teaching after graduation from university.我大学毕业后开始从事教学工作。(4)继续(他人未完成的事)，接着讲(以前提过的事)She took up the story whe
19、re Tom had left off.她接着讲汤姆未讲完的故事。占用(时间)，占据(空间)Writing the paper took up most of the weekend.写那篇论文占用了周末的大部分时间。语境串记Since Jack took up the work as an editor,he has taken up editing articles,which takes up most of his spare time. Though his wife has always complained about it,he still continues his work
20、.自从杰克接受了月B份做编 辑的工作以来，他就学着编辑文章，这占用了他的大部分业余时间。尽管他的妻子一直对此抱怨，但他仍 然继续他的工作。经典例题判断下列句子中take up的含义(l)Important people dont often have much free time as their work almost takes up all their time.(2)After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane took up her job as a doctor in the countryside.(3)She
21、took up the receiver and began to dial the number.(4)Although I had said many times, he didnt take up my advice.参考答案占用(时间)句意:重要人士经常没多少空闲时间，因为工作几乎占用了他们所有的时间。开始从事 句意:简在一所医学院学习了五年之后，开始在乡村做一名医生。拿起 句意:她拿起听筒开始拨这个号码。(4)接受 句意:虽然我已经说了很多次,但他还是不接受我的建议。Point8 encounter用法详解(1)以偶然碰至！J;遇至！They encountered serious
22、problems when two members of the expedition were injured. 远征队遇到了严重的问题，两名队员受伤。If I have encountered that kind of situation, I think I would like to behave as John.假如我遇到那样的情况，我认为我也会像约翰那样做的。(2)几邂逅;遭遇He had a close encounter with a bear in the woods.他在森林中近距离地遇到了熊。归纳拓展encounte正式用语(意外)遭遇,做动词时为及物动词，直接接宾语，与
23、run into, come across, meet with同 义。encounter做名词时与介词with搭配。encounter the enemy/an encounter with the enemy 遭遇敌人close encounter近是巨离接角虫;险遇经典例题1 .根据汉语意思完成句子当我遇到曾经恨过的人时，我会笑着跟他打招呼,因为他使我更强大。(encounter)When I someone I hated, I used to smile and say hello to him, because .2 .翻译句子(l)Before she had gone very
24、 far, she encountered a flower-selling girl.(2)As a student, I want to use my creativity to explore possible solutions to problems I encounter.参考答案1 .encountered; he made me stronger2 .( 1)她没走多远，就遇见了一个卖花的女孩儿。作为一名学生，我想用我的创造力对我遇到的问题探索可能的解决方案。Point9 pass away用法详解pass away去世(委婉说法);消失He unfortunately pas
25、sed away last year.他不幸于去年去世了。This is a nightmare,which will pass away with the morning.这是个噩梦，它会随着清晨的到来而消散。归纳拓展pass as被以为是,被当作pass by (sb./sth.)经过(某人/某物)pass sth. down (from sb.) to sb.把某物(从某人那里)传给某人;把某物往下传pass sb./sth. off as.把某人/某物冒充为；假称某人/某物是passon把传给;把(尤指疾病)遗传给;把(费用)转嫁给pass out昏过去;晕倒;失去知觉经典例题选词填空
26、:pass as/pass by/pass out/pass down/pass .on/pass.off as.(l)Will you the supermarket on your way home?(2)The tradition has from father to son for generations.(3)Any increase in our costs will have to to the consumer.(4)1 nearly when I saw all the blood.(5)His French is so good that he can a French m
27、an.(6)They bought up pieces of old furniture and them valuable antiques.参考答案(1 )pass by(2)been passed down(3)be passed on(4)passed out(5)pass as (6)passed;off asPoint 10 sum用法详解.算术常用单数总数;总和;全部;金额Do a sum in ones head.心算。The sum of two and two is four. 2 力口 2 的总和是 4OThat is the sum of our experience.
28、那就是我们全部的经验。a large/small sum of money 一大笔钱/少量的钱(2)v.sum up总结;概括His speech summed up the present situation of economy.他的演讲概述了目前的经济形势。To sum up, for a healthy heart you must take regular exercise and stop smoking.总之,要想心脏健康，你必须经常运动并戒烟。归纳拓展to sum up/in sum总之；概括地说“总之”的表达法还有:in a word, in short, in brief,
29、 in conclusion, all in all经典例题根据汉语意思完成句子总之，开口说话之前应该先思考，即使这就意味着必须决定要说实话还是要说谎。,one should think before speaking, even when it means deciding between the truth and a lie.正如他在来信中所总结的那样那真是他有生以来最糟糕的假期了。It was,in his note, the worst vacation ever.(3)然而,对于很多求职者来说，要在140字以内总结个人全部的履历实在是一个挑战。However,an entire career in just 140 characters is a challenge for many job hunters.参考答案(l)To sum up(2)as he summed it up注意sum做动词变过去式、过去分词和现在分词时要双写“m”再加-ed/-ing。summing up动名词做主语。