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1、Using language突破。语法大冲关丁 UPCYUFADACHCZGCUAZ匚语法精讲二 动词-ing形式作状语 一、动词-ing的具体形式观察例句They sat in the classroom, reading the books borrowed from the library.I stood there motionless, not knowing what to do.Having succeeded in the test, he became more confident.Not having Hnished his homework, the boy was st
2、ill doing it in the classroom.Having been told several times, he still couldnt understand how to operate the machine.归纳用法(1)动词-ing(以do为例)从形式上可分为一般式(doing)与完成式(having done),其被动式分别为 being done 与 having been done。(2)动词-ing形式的一般式作状语，表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时 或相继发生，其否定式为not doing。(3)动词-ing形式的完成式作状语,表示的动作发生在谓语动词
3、所表示的动作 之前。其否定式为 not having been done。即学即练1完成句子由于我已经完成了所有的工作，我就坐下来休息一会儿。Having finished all my homework, I sat down to have a rest.这个男孩坐在门口，等着他妈妈回来。The boy sat by the door, waiting for his mother to return.没有被邀请，她感到非常不愉快。Not having been invited, she felt very unhappy. 二、动词-ing形式作状语的具体情况1 .时间状语观察例句Wal
4、king in the park, she came across an old friend.You should never take a chance while driving a car.归纳用法动词-ing形式作时间状语时，相当于时间状语从句，有时可在前面加上when 或 whileo 例的 Walking = When she was walkingo即学即练2用括号内动词的适当形式填空(i)Hearing(hear) the good news, he jumped with joy.Having finished(flnish) his summary, he went ou
5、t for a walk.(3)When approaching(approach) a crossroad, you must be careful.2 .原因状语观察例句Not knowing his address, I couldnt call on him.Having eaten at the cafeteria before, Tina didnt want to eat there again.(3)Being well taken care of, she recovered quickly.归纳用法动词-ing形式作原因状语时，相当于原因状语从句。例的Not knowing
6、= Because I didn*t know即学即练3用括号内动词的适当形式填空Being(be) ill, he couldnt book the flight.Having livedflive) in the city for many years, I knew it well.Having been asked(ask) to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.3 .伴随或方式状语观察例句He sat in the armchair, reading a newspaper.He suddenly appea
7、red in class one day, wearing sunglasses.归纳用法动词-ing形式作伴随或方式状语时，可以转换成并列成分。例的reading =and read 。即学即练4用括号内动词的适当形式填空(DWhen I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, reading(read) me stories till I fell asleep.She lay on the grass feeling(feel) depressed about the whole situation.4 .条件状语观察例句Turning
8、to the left, you will find a path.Taking more exercise, youll bee stronger and healthier.归纳用法动词-ing形式作条件状语时,相当于条件状语从句。例的Turning = If you turno即学即练5 一句多译努力学习，你就会通过这次考试。Working hard, you will pass the exam.(动词-ing 形式作状语)If you work hard, you will pass the exam.(条件状语从句)Work hard, and you will pass the
9、exam.(祈使句+ and+陈述句)5 .让步状语观察例句Having tried many times, he still couldnt overe the difficulties.Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to university seventeen years ago.归纳用法动词-ing形式作让步状语时，相当于让步状语从句。例的Having tried= Although he had tried o有时可在动词-ing 前面加上 although/though, even if/even tho
10、ugh 等。即学即练6用括号内动词的适当形式填空Though working(work) hard, he couldnt earn enough money to pay off his debt.Having been told(teH) many times, he still couldnt understand the problem.6 .结果状语观察例句The boy fell off his bike, breaking his left arm.Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay.归纳用法
11、动词-ing形式作结果状语时，表示必然的结果，通常放在句末，相当于so 或so that引导的结果状语从句。例的breaking = so that he broke0有时为了突 出结果，可在动词-ing前加上thuso名师点津不定式作结果状语时，表示出人意料的结果，常与。nly, never 连用。即学即练7用括号内动词的适当形式填空He es home late every evening, making(make) his wife very angry.Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, o
12、nly to find(find) it didnt fit.The snow lasted a week, thus resulting(result) in a serious traffic jam in the whole area.7 .评注性状语观察例句Generally speaking, children are naturally curious.(DConsidering the budget, we have decided to give up the travel plan.归纳用法有些动词-ing形式用于句首，没有逻辑主语而独立存在，作为句子的独立成 分来修饰全句，
13、表明说话者的态度、观点等，这被称为评注性状语。常见的评注 性状语有：generally speaking 一般来说，frankly speaking 坦率地说，roughly speaking 大致说来，judging from/by.根据来判断，considering.考虑到，supposing.假如等。即学即练8补全句子Frankly speaking(坦率地说),the resources in the world are very limited.Judging from his accent(从他的 口 音判断)，he must be from the south.I .单句语法填空
14、1. When leaving(leave) the airport, they waved again and again to us.2. Having worked(work) for a whole day, the secretary looked exhausted.3. George returned after the war, only to be told(tell) that his wife had had a car accident.4. Not knowing(know) her address, we cant get in touch with her.5.
15、Though lacking(lack) a little confidence, he finished the speech successfully.6. Being talked(talk) to, you should look into the eyes of the person.7. Having been showe(show) around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Birds Nest.8. Having written(write) an important letter, I listened to t
16、he music for a while.9. Judging(judge) from his expression, he was frightened of spiders.10. There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, staring(stare) at the night sky.n .用括号内动词的适当形式填空Last weekend, I l.walked(walk) into our local bookshop.2.Having bought(buy)
17、a book, I decided 3.to take(take) the bus home, because it was quite a long walk home.When 4getting(get) on the bus, I was 5,surprised(surprise) to see an old friend of mine.We started 6,talking/to talk(talk) and I hardly realized that I had arrived at my stop.7.Standing(stand) up, I cried, uPlease wait! This is my stop! ” I got off the bus, 8.smiling(smile) happily.Then, suddenly 9,realizing(realize) I had left my book behind on the bus, I shouted, “Stop, please! ” But it was too late.The bus had gone away, lO.taking(take) my book with it.