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1、02名词词义辨析命题分析：在中考中，对于名词的考查，更多集中在具体语言环境下名词词义的辨析上。综合分析 近几年的中考真题，总结出一些常考的名词，供复习使用。建议能做到看英识汉，看汉默英。突破方法：1.夯实基础知识，对重要名词进行专项记忆，记清易混词汇的细微差别。 2.注重审题，抓住题干中的关键信息，在具体语言环境中加以辨析。27. 一Do you know Bing Dwen Dwen?一Yes.lt shows the of Olympics, including a strong mind and a healthy body.()A. promiseB. spiritC. valueD.
2、 rule28. I like reading books in the.Its quiet.()A. shopB streetC. libraryD. cinema29. The is under controLYou dont need to worry about it.()D. educationA. positionB. conditionC. situation30. 一What club do want to join, Jack?一club.I can sing very well.()A. ChessB. MusicC. SportsD. Dance31. The of th
3、is concert is to raise money for a new Fangcang hospital.()A. activityB, purposeC. questionD. reason32. When I have difficulty making choices, I always go to my parents for some.()B adviceD. ideaA. suggestionC information33. - Have you told Ann that her mom will come to see her this afternoon?-No.Le
4、fs keep it as a (n) and give her a surprise!()A. ideaB. secretC. chanceD. choice34. - Take yourwith you every day, It costs nothing but gives you and others muchhappiness.- All right.I will do as you say.()A- skillB. smile35. - Whats the of studying hard?-To have a brighter future.()A. secretB. reas
5、onC. signD. senseC. purposeD. excuse36. 一Millie, I cant solve the problems by myself.What should I do?一Maybe working in groups is a good.()A. surveyB. reportC. methodD. organization37. We need courage to face the，so be brave enough!()A. spiritB. abilityC. wealthD. difficulty38. Spending more time to
6、gether helps to improve the between parents and kids.C )A. environmentB. relationshipC. preparationD. activities39. Although the match is moving in an unexpected, our team will win finally, T believe.( )A. instructionB. introductionC. positionD. direction40. Paul keeps doing sports every day, so he
7、is always full of.()A. changeB. knowledgeC. energyD. courage41. The Queqiao satellite (卫星) has been a bridge between the Earth and the Moon.( )A. competitionB. contributionC. celebrationD. communication42. 一Excuse me, where can I find Dave?一He has gone to the to play tennis with his friends.()A. gym
8、B. labC. museumD. library43. Some students were too busy preparing for their tests to get enough.They feel sleepy in class the next day.()A. friendB. hobbyC. sleepD. activity44. 一Steve is the only person that has the to complete the hard task.Yes.He is the bravest man I know.()A. courageB. guideC. p
9、ointD. excuse45. At the beginning of his first class, Mr.Wang gave us a general about chemistry.( )A. attentionB. conversationC. directionD. introduction46. - Do you know some news about Wu Lei, the Chinese soccer player who plays for a Spanish club?-Yes. Ever since he tested positive for COVID - 19
10、(新冠肺炎)last month, he has shared his with fans on his online blog.()A. situationB. environmentC. looksD. interest47. - - - To tell you the truth, I dont want to join in the singing competition.- Come on. You just need more practice to build up your.()A. challengeB. confidenceC. developmentD. energy48
11、. - Will you fix up the machine according to the，Judy?-No problem.()A. inventionsB. invitationsC. instructionsD. interviews49. 一How can Linda say bad words about me? I thought we are good friends.一Who told you that? Friends need.()A. courageB. trustC. pleasureD. success50. In a conversation between
12、two persons, 65% of is done through body language.( )A. informationC. introductionB pronunciationD. Communication02名词词义辨析命题分析：在中考中，对于名词的考查，更多集中在具体语言环境下名词词义的辨析上。综合分析 近几年的中考真题，总结出一些常考的名词，供复习使用。建议能做到看英识汉，看汉默英。突破方法：1.夯实基础知识，对重要名词进行专项记忆，记清易混词汇的细微差别。 2注重审题，抓住题干中的关键信息，在具体语言环境中加以辨析。ba la nee 平衡bottom底部 busi
13、ness商业，生意 background 背景 break间歇；休息卜challenge挑战activity 活动ad dress 地址I/一advertisement 广告 advantage 优势 advice建议 attention 注意 athlete运动员 action行动ability 能力名词词义辨析)chance机会change变化，零钱choice选择collection 收集物/ contribution贡献 competition比赛：竞争cause原因 C广custom风俗courage 勇气care照顾，关心communication 交流，通信户condition条
14、件，状况culture 文化广 difference 不同 ! F decision决定design设计duty责任；义务discussion 讨论广distance距离rdanger危险description 播述direction说明；方向 director导演；负责人,广degree学位，度数，程度卜 development发展difficulty 困难discovery 发现effort 努力 士 二 expression 表达exhibition 展览energy能量；精力 experiment 实睑 excuse 借口environment 环境experience经睑：经历exp
15、lanation解释；说明example实例，样品;1exercise 练习fact事实； fear害怕，恐惧field田野，场地，领域feeling 感觉fun乐趣fight战斗force力，力量form形式，类型friendship 友谊future未来M名词词义辨析二 z(knowledge 知识nature自然news新闻note笔记notice通知numberlS：数字job工作,职业/ I 化/、工 f二ATTjoke夭话.玩美journey（尤指长途）旅行，行程language 语言laughter箕，箕声lesson课程,教训，level水平luck幸运，运气 life（pl.
16、lives）生活，生命listg,清单meaning意义，意思 member成员mess杂乱mood心情message 消息method 方法mind头脑,心智material材料 Joffer提议，出价opinion意见，看法 opportunity 机会organization;(0 object物体，物品order命令habit习惯honour荣誉 鼠health健康hope希里idea想法，主意F interest 兴趣importance 重要性卜 invention发明 I e卜influence影响（力） instruction指示，命令noise噪音technology 技术t
17、ourist 游客tradition 传统广traffic车辆：交通 广trouble困难A 广taste味觉,品味广trade贸易treat款待，招待情广thought思想，思考waste浪费，废品 way方式，道路kwealth财富w广worry担心，担忧weight重量wish愿望，祝愿transport交通运输victory 胜利voice噪音 、 volunteer志愿者value价值名词词义辨析三 (-reason理由：原因relation 关系 广result结果report报告，resea rc h研究；调查I广reg ret遗憾，懊悔 k relationship 关系 re
18、ply回复pain痛苦，疼痛 patienceffoiiTl 广peace和平I protection保护praise表扬patient 病人 I progress进步pity遗憾problem 问题 0TpF promise承诺 pride骄傲 pleasure高兴，愉快 present现在，礼物 price价格 program 节目purposeservice 服务shape形状；外形 ；stranger陌生人safety安全saying格言sec ret秘密sight视力；景象support 支持广silence沉默success 成功 suggestion 建议sense感觉situa
19、tion 情况system系统square广场surf ace 表面space太空，空间典例分析:【典例1】A 12-year-old boy from Hunan invented a new kind of window because of his.The window can prevent children from falling out.A.communicationB.cel ebrationC.honesty D.creativity答案：D答案详解：|一个来自湖南的12岁男孩，因为他的创造力，发明了一种新型的窗户，这种窗户可 以防止小孩从窗户坠下。本题考查名词的词义辨析。A
20、.交流;B.庆祝C诚实;D.创造力。根据 语境和关键词invented发明，可知选D。审题技巧：invented a new kind of window,发明了一种新窗户，所以说明有创造力。【典例2】“Tara, whats your favorite ?” “Orange. Half of my dresses are orange.A.fruitB.drinkC.color答案： C答案详解：句意:“塔拉，你最喜欢什么颜色?”“橙红色。我一半的裙子都是橙红色的。”词。fruit水果;drink饮料;color颜色。根据答语Half of my dresses are orange.可知这
21、里问的是 颜色。所以选C。审题技巧：orange可表示“橙子”橙汁”橙红色”，具体的意思要根据上下文的语境来判断。 【典例3】Mr. Huang is an excellent English teacher who has over 20 years9 teaching .A. experience B. information C. knowledge答案 A答案详解：句意:黄老师是一位优秀的英语老师。他有20多年的教学经验。本题考查名词。experience经验;information 信息;knowledge 知识。teaching experience 教学经验。故选 A。审题技巧：
22、|教了 20多年，说明老师十分有经验。【典例4】一I have a toothache these days. I dont feel like eating anything.一You should go to see a .A. teacher B. dentist C. policeman答案： B答案详解：句意:我这几天牙疼，不想吃任何东西。你应该去看看牙医。本题考查名词的词义辨析。A:老师;B:牙医;C:警察。根据句意和关键词toothache“牙疼”可知此处应该选择B项。审题技巧：have a toothache ,牙疼，可知，去年牙医，所以认识单词是关键！【典例5】Why do
23、Chinese people like red?Because the color red is the of good luck in China.A.reasonB.hope C.dreamD.symbol答案：D 答案详解:句意:为什么中国人喜欢红色?因为在中国，红色是好运的象征。本题考查名词的辨析。reason原因;hope希望;dream梦想;symbol象征。the symbol of是固定词组,表示“的象征”。故答案为D。审题技巧:熟记固定组合，是解决本题关键。1. - Excuse me, haven*t you learned the rules? Drivers cant
24、go when the light isyellow.-Sorry, we wont do that again.(A. trafficB. foodC. medicineD. education参考译文：一打扰了，你知道交通规则吗？当黄灯时，是不能通过的。对不丐，我不会再这么做了。答案详解：由cant go when the light is yellow可知，他们谈论的是交通规则，所以选A。 food 食物，medicine 药物，education 教育。2. Peter is interested in reading books about animals and plants. H
25、e has a real of animals,birds and flowers.()A. courageB. knowledgeC. energyD. experience参考译文：彼得对阅读有关动植物的书感兴趣。他对动物、鸟类和花卉非常了解。答案详解：courage“勇气；knowledge”知识,学问；energy”活力,精力”；experience 经历，经验”；根据题意“彼得对阅读有关动植物的书感兴趣”，可推测”他对动物、鸟类和 花卉非常了解”，have a real knowledge of对什么有真正的了解，所以knowledge符 合要求。所以选：Bo3. A sudden
26、windfall, which makes a man get rich quickly, may break the balance of a persons life.Windfall in the sentence means.()A. advantage B. discoveryC. agreement D. wealth参考译文：一笔突如其来的横财，可以使一个人迅速致富，可能打破一个人的生活平衡。“Windfal在句子中的意思是财富。答案详解：advantage”优点，好处”；discovery”发现，探索”；agreement”一致，同意”； wealth“财富”；根据题意”可以使
27、一个人迅速致富”，可推测应该为“财富，所以wealth符 合题意。所以选：Do4. - - - Building makeshift hospital (临时医院)was a key made in the moment whenWuhan was facing the task of epidemic (流行性传染病)control.-Right. It has played an important role in treating the patients.()A. decisionB. situationC. problemD. conditionba la nee 平衡bottom底
28、部 business商业，生意 background 背景 break间歇；休息卜challenge挑战activity 活动ad dress 地址I/一advertisement 广告 advantage 优势 advice建议 attention 注意 athlete运动员 action行动ability 能力名词词义辨析)chance机会change变化，零钱choice选择collection 收集物/ contribution贡献 competition比赛：竞争cause原因 C广custom风俗courage 勇气care照顾，关心communication 交流，通信户cond
29、ition条件，状况culture 文化广 difference 不同 ! F decision决定design设计duty责任；义务discussion 讨论广distance距离rdanger危险description 播述direction说明；方向 director导演；负责人,广degree学位，度数，程度卜 development发展difficulty 困难discovery 发现effort 努力 士 二 expression 表达exhibition 展览energy能量；精力 experiment 实睑 excuse 借口environment 环境experience经睑
30、：经历explanation解释；说明example实例，样品;1exercise 练习fact事实； fear害怕，恐惧field田野，场地，领域feeling 感觉fun乐趣fight战斗force力，力量form形式，类型friendship 友谊future未来参考译文：-建立临时医院，是武汉面临抗疫任务时做出的关键决定。-没错。它在治疗这些病人中发挥了重要作用。答案详解：decision决定，situation情况，状况，problem问题，condition状态，状况， 根据题意，建立临时医院是关键决定，可知只有decision符合题意.所以选：Ao5. From their on
31、 the top of the TV Tower, visitors can have a better view of the city.()A. positionB. conditionC. situationD. instruction参考译文：从他们在电视塔顶端的位置，游客可以更好地欣赏这座城市.答案详解：考查名词.A.位置B.条件 C.状况 D.说明 根据题干visitors can have a better view of the city游客可以更好地欣赏这座城市，可知选择位置.所以选：A.6. Jesse suddenly realized he was so thirsty
32、. It seemed as if his was burning.()A. neckB. stomachC. throatD. foot参考译文：Jesse突然意识到他是那么渴，似乎他的喉咙要着火了。答案详解：A脖子，B胃，C喉咙，D脚，根据语境口渴是嗓子喉咙受不了，所以选：Co7. To spread our traditional culture, many teenagers came up with new.For example, Suansuan, a college student, has posted over 50 videos on Bilibili to show h
33、er love for our culture.()A. methodsB. messagesC. meaningsD. medicines参考译文：为了传播我们的传统文化,许多青少年想出了新的方法。例如，大学生Suansuan 在Bilibili上发布了 50多个视频，以表达她对我们文化的热爱。答案详解:methods 方法;messages 消息；meanings 意义；medicines 药物。根据 For example, Suansuan, a college student, has posted over 50 videos on Bilibili to show her lov
34、e for our culture.”例如，大学生Suansuan在Bilibili上发布了 50多个视频，以表达她对我们文化的 热爱”，可知，此处是说想出新的方法。所以选：Ao8. - Where do we go on vacation this summer, Mary?-I have no idea. Lets get some about traveling on the Internet.()A. informationB. instructionC. messageD. instrument参考译文：-玛丽，今年夏天我们去哪里度假？-我不知道。让我们来了解一些关于网上旅游的信息。
35、答案详解：information 信息；instruction 说明；message 消息；instrument 仪器。根据 about traveling on the Internet”关于网上旅游的”，此处应该是说信息。所以选：A。9. Although I have worked very hard, I still have problems with math.一The correct are also important.()A. dialogsB. standardsC. tradesD. methods参考译文：一一虽然我学习很努力，但我在数学方面仍然有问题。正确的方法也很重
36、要。答案详解：dialogs 对话；standards 水平；trades 交易；methods 方法。根据 Although I have worked very hard, I still have problems with math.虽然我学习很努力，但我在数学方面仍 然有问题。”可知，下文应该说方法很重要。所以选：Do10. The little girl has such a good that she can keep the names of all her classmates inmind on the first day at school.()A. experience
37、 B. suggestionC. collectionD. memory参考译文：小女孩的记忆力很好，第一天上学就可以记住所有同学的名字。答案详解：考查名词辨析。experience经历；suggestion建议；collection收藏品；memory 记忆力。根据she can keep the names of all her classmates in mind on the first day at school.nn 第一天上学就可以记住所有同学的名字。”可知，这个小女孩的记忆力很好，因此用 memory”符合题意。所以选：D。11. Being ourselves means s
38、ometimes we have to find the to stand alone.()A. courageB. impressionC. balanceD. trust参考译文：做自己意味着有时我们必须要有勇气独自站立。答案详解：根据答案，courage,勇气；impression,印象，感觉；balance,平衡； trust,信任；根据题干，想要有独特的个性就需要有勇气独立。所以选：Ao12. The new high - speed railway connecting Zhenjiang to Lianyungang is now in andit saves a lot of
39、time.()A. surpriseB. spiritC. silenceD. service参考译文：新的从镇江到连云港的高铁现在是在服务中，并且它节省了很多时间。答案详解：根据后文”it saves a lot of time并且它节省了很多时间”可知，这列高铁已经建 成投入使用了，填in service。所以选：Do13. - Have you been to Harrys yet?-Yes. I couldnt help singing and dancing along with him.()A. reportB. concertC. classD. speech参考译文：你去过哈里
40、的音乐会了吗？-是的。我忍不住和他一起唱歌跳舞。答案详解：A. report 报告；B. concert 音乐会；C. class 课；D. speech 演讲。根据下句我忍不住和他一起唱歌跳舞。可知上句句意是你去过哈里的音乐会了吗？ Harry*s concert哈里的音乐会。所以选：B。14. Lisa*s father is a so he always flies to different countries.()A. pilotB. postmanC. officerD. secretary参考译文：丽莎的父亲是一名飞行员，所以他总是飞往不同的国家。答案详解：pilot”飞行员，po
41、stman”邮递员”，o笛cer”军官，警官，公务员”，secretary”秘 书，部长，书记:根据题意“他总是飞往不同的国家”可知他应该是一位飞行员。所以pilot 符合要求。所以选：Ao15. - Jim, I have in finishing so much work.-Dont worry. I can help you.A. abilityB. successC. difficultyD. experience参考译文：-吉姆，我很难完成这么多工作。-别担心。我可以帮你。答案详解：ability”能力，才能”，success”成功，成就;difficulty”困难，困境”；根据题意
42、 ”别担心。我可以帮你”可知：我完成这么多的工作是“有困难的，所以difficulty符合要 求。所以选：Co16. - - - Im not satisfied with the score in the exam.-What matters is not the but whether you have tried your best.()A. difficultyB. abilityC. resultD. subject参考译文： 我对考试的分数不满意。 重要的不是结果，而是你是否尽力了。答案详解：difficulty”困难，困境”，ability”能力，才能，result结果，subj
43、ect”主题，主 语”；根据题意”我对考试的分数不满意。重要的不是结果，而是你是否尽力了。”可知， 分数就是结果，横线上缺少的单词是“result。所以选：Co17. Mr. Li always has his own special to make his lessons lively ()A. surveysB. instructionsC. worksD. methods参考译文：李先生总有他自己独特的方法使他的课生动活泼。答案详解：survey”调查；instruction”指令，指示；work”工作，产品；method”方法， 办法”；根据题意”李先生总有他自己独特的方法使他的课生动
44、活泼 所以是“方法”， method符合要求。所以选：Do18. . Premier Li Keqiang said we should speed up the Internet and lower the.()A. priceB. serviceC. valueD. money参考译文：李克强总理表示，我们要加快互联网速度，降低互联网价格。答案详解：price”价格；service”服务”；value”价值，重要性”；money”钱，货币”；根据 语境可知：李克强总理表示，我们要加快互联网速度，降低互联网“价格”，所以price符 合要求。所以选：Ao19. If you dont kno
45、w how to fix the machine, just follow the.()B. resolutionsA. introductionsC. predictionsD. instructions参考译文：如果你不知道怎么修理机器，只需按照说明操作.答案详解：introductions 介绍,resolutions 决定，决心，predictions 预言，instructions 说 明，操作指南，根据题意，只需按照说明操作，可知，只有D符合题意.所以选：D.20. Compendium of Materia Medica (本草纲目)tells us much about the history and medical of many plants.()A. healthB. priceC. valueD. cost参考译文：本草纲目告诉了我们关于许多植物的历史和药学价值。答案详解：health健康，price价格，value价值，cost花费。根据题意，本草纲目告诉了 我们关于许多植物的历史和药学价值，可知，只有value符合题意。所以选：Co21. - Though Zhong Nanshan is in his eighties, he makes great to the medicaldevelopm