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1、It的用法(专项总结)一、人称代词1, it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避开重复：They watched the train until it disappeared in the distance.2.,也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子)：Is this your dog? No, it isn t.They got a baby and it was a ten-pounder3.,也可指抽象事物或指抽象环境和情景：(3)1 hate it when people talk with a full mouth.二、.非人称代词Lit有时并不指具体的东西而泛指天气、
2、时间、日期、距离、价值、度 量、温度、环境等：.指天气：It is a lovely day, isn t it?.指时间：It was nearlymidnight when she came back.指日期：It is April First today.指距离：It is some 3000 kilometers from Ato B.指价值：It is three dollars.指温度：Today it is 30 degreescentigrade.三、其他用法1.在句子的主语不太明确时充当主语，表示谁在做某事：Who is it there? Its I (me/you/he)
3、.I thought it was Mary, butit was not she.Her face lighted when she saw who it was.2 .泛泛的指某件事：(有时泛指一般状况)It doesn t matter.It is a shame, isn t it? How is itgoing?(状况怎样)It says in the newspaper that3 . it用在一些词组中，it没有特别的意思The last train，s gone. Come on, we 11 foot it.(来，咱们步行吧。) 四、作形式主语，替代主语从句，动词不定式，或动
4、名词短语： 1 .作形式主语替代主语从句(DIt is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain.) that 从句 常译为“ 清楚的(明显的，真的，可能的，确定的.)”It is very clear that he s round and tall like a tree. = That he s round and tall like a tree is very clear.(2)11 is important ( necessary, right, strange, natural. . .) that 从句 常译 为是重要的(必要的，对的，惊
5、异的，自然的).that后的从句中要用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形)，should可以省去，建议记住该句型中的形容词。It is important that we (should) learn English well.It is necessary that he (should) remember these words.(3)It is said (reported/ learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped) that 从句常译为”据说(据报道，据悉)”。It is said that he has come to Beijing.
6、It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.(4)It is suggested ( advised/ ordered / demanded/ insisted/ commanded. ) that 从句.that后的从句要用虚拟语气(should +动词原形),should可以省；常译为据 建议；有叮嘱.)It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off.It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive the
7、re in two hours.(5)It is time ( about time , high time ) that 从句(虚拟语气:动词用过去时 did)It is time that children went to bed.(6)It is the first ( second .)time that 从句(从句用现在完成时 have done )It was(从句用过去完成时had done )常译为”是第一(二).次.”。It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been her
8、e (7)It is a pity ( a shame /an honour/a good thing/a fact, /a surprise/. ) that 从句.that后的从句一般用虚拟语气(should +动词原形)，should可省去.表示出乎意料，常 译为“竟然“。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 这种事竟然 发生在你们班上，真是缺憾！It is a pity that he is ill.他生病了，真缺憾！(8)It happens (seems, lo
9、oks, appears ) that从句.常译为“碰巧，好像是，看起 来”Tt happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰 巧It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来.2 .作形式主语替代不定式.(1) It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth.不定式的逻辑主语是由of引起，主句中的形容 词必需是能表示逻辑主语特征的褒义或贬义形容词。常见的词有：bad , brave , careless, clever , cruel , fo
10、olish , good (好心的)， honest , horrible , kind , lazy , modest , naughty , nice (有教养的)，polite, rude , silly , stupid , wise , wrong (错误的)等。这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth. o 如:It is kind of you to say so.= You are kind to say so.It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth.不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起，主句中的 形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫
11、性，频繁程度，难易，平安等状况的中性形容词。常见的 形容词有：important, necessary, natural easy , safe , common , normal , hard , difficult , dangerous , unusual, rare , impossible , pleasant如：It is important for her to come to the party. = It is important that she (should ) come to the party.It takes sb. . to do sth.常译为做.要花费某人.
12、。如：It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.3 .作形式主语替代动名词短语It is no good / no use / useless doing sth.常译为“有好处或没有用It is no good learning English without speaking English.Its useless trying to argue with Shylock.五、作形式宾语，代替不定式，动名词短语或宾语从句。We think it important to learn a foreign la
13、nguage.该句型中的it作形式宾语，该结构中常用的动词有：think, believe, make , find consider, feel； 如：We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.He felt it important learning English well.They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.The Internet makes it easier for companies to keep in to
14、uch with customers.CF: keep sth, in mind / keep in mind that六、.it的重要句型1.强调句型：It is/was +被强调部分+ that从句(被强调的主 语假如是人，that可以由who换用)It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday.特例：It is not until +被强调部分+ that
15、 .该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时 间状语，译成汉语”直到.才.”，可以说是not . . . until .的强调形式。It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.七、常用句型及考点I .形式主语型1. It is clear (obvious, true, possible, certain*) that*2. It is important (necessary, right, strange, natural-) that-驾驭本句型，应当记居处列
16、举的形容词，并且记住that后的从句应用虚拟语气 (should+动词原形),should可以省去。3. It is no good (use) doing sth.4. It is a pity (a shame ) that-本句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气(should十动词原形)，should可以省去。 表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。5. It is time (about time, high time) that*本句型中that后的从句应当用虚拟语气。6. It is the first (second*) time that7. It i
17、s said (reported, learned-. ) that-8. It is suggested (ordered-*) that*-本句型中的过去分词应当是表示请求、建议、叮嘱等的词，that后的从句要用虚拟语 气(should十动词原形),should可以省略。常译为“据建议；有叮嘱”。9. It happens (seems, appears) that-10. It takes sbto do sth.11. It doesn, t matter whether-*12. It is kind (of sb) to do sth.本句型中的不定式假如须要逻辑主语，则须要前置介
18、词。匕 而句型中的形容词必需是 能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词，常见的有bad, brave, careless, clever, cruel, foolish, honest, horrible, kind, lazy, modest, naughty, polite, rude, silly, stupid, wise, wrong 等。13. It is necessary ( for sb) to do sth.14. It is (just) like sb to do sth.本句型为“某人(恰恰)是样子”。用来表示赞扬或不满，若用否定式，则表示怀疑。例：Its like him to
19、 leave the work to others. 他就是这样的一个人，把工作推给别人。15. It is up to sb to do sth.本句型表示“谊由某人做”。II .强调句型It is+被强调部分+that/who本句型中被强调部分可以是主语、宾语或状语。强调的主语假如是人，that可以由who 换用。III .其他句型1. It issince本句型主句中用时间作表语，一般用现在时或完成时，since引导的从句常用瞬间动词 的一般过去时态。主句如用一般过去时，则从句用过去完成时。2. It iswhen本句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的it指时间，表语由具体
20、的时间 充当。3. It looks （seems） as if.本句型中的as if引导一个状语从句，常译为“看起来好像”。假如及事实不相符 合，则用虚拟语气.例 1 It looks as if he is ill （真的病了）.例 2 It looks as if he were ill （没有生病）.Exercises:一.单项选择he told me the news.1.It was at the gateA. thatB. whatC. whichD. when2. Is necessary to tellhis fatherA. itB. thatC.whateverythin
21、gD. he3. Was itA. thatin this palace B. in which C.the lastin whereemperor died?D. which4. Ispossible to fly tothe moon inA. nowB. manC.thata spaceship?D. it5. Was itduring the Second World War he died?A. thatB. whileC. in which D. then6. IsA. this7. I don，t8. thatthinkC. itD. hepossible to master a
22、 foreign language without much memory work.A. thisB. that8.Doesmatter ifC. itshe can，tD. itA. thisB. thatC. hefinish the job on time?D. it9. It was notshetook offher dark glasses,I realized she was a famousnecessary to complete the design before National Day?film star.A. when; thatB. until; thatC. u
23、ntil; whenD. when; then10. Tom s mother kept telling him that he should work harder, butdidn t help.A. heB. whichC. sheD. it11.A. ThereB. ThisC. That I). It12. IsA. nowpossibleB. manto fly to the moon in a spaceship?C. thatD. it13. Our foodand serviceare better thanused to be.A. itB. weC. theyD. the
24、m14.A. That; it15. He feelsappearsB. It;to methatA. that heB. thatduty his16. TakeA. iteasy.B. them17. TheTV sets made inA. thatB. those18.A. it19.Have you found Yes, r ve foundB. that 一 r m looking for 一 Would you likeA. it; the 20.B. it; awasthe report must be truth.C. It; it to help others.C. it
25、heD. That; thatD. it hisA. It; him21. It wasA. where22.The roads are icy.C. usD. youChina are much better thanC. them in Japan.D. Itthe bike you lost yesterday?already.C. the oneD. that onea flat.withC. one; a who I met ingarden?D. one; thethe museumthis morning.B. It; he C. That; he D. in the rice
26、fieldsB. that C. in whichyou come to the partyA. Why is itC. Why it is thatB. Why itD. Why is it23.Were allNo,onlyThat; him we had ourD. on whichso late?isthatthree people in the car injuredthe two passengersgot hurt.League meeting.in the accidentis a fact that English is being accepted as an intern
27、ational language.A. they were; thatC. it was; who24. I don，t thinkB. there was; thatD. there are; who possible to master a foreign language without much memorywork .A. this B. that C. its D. it25. It was not she took off her glasses I realized she was a famousfilm star.A. when; that B. until; that C
28、. until; when D. when; then26. It was not until 1920 regular radio broadcasts began.A. while B. which C. that D. since27. is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A. There B. This C. That D. It28. It was about 600 years ago the first clock with a face and an hour handwas
29、 made.A. that B. until C. beforeD. when29. It was only when I reread his poems recently I began to appreciate theirbeauty.A. until B. thatC. thenD. So30. I hate when people talk with their mouths full.A. itB. thatC. theseD. them31. Why dont we take a little break?Didn，t we just have?A. itB. thatC. o
30、neD. this32. Was it during the Second World War he died?A. thatB. While C. in which D. Then33. Is possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?A. now B. that C. it D. Man34. I don，t think possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A. This B. that C. its D. It35. is a fact that Engl
31、ish is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It1.1 It was about 600 years ago the first clock with face and an hour hand wasmade.A. that B. until C. before D. when37. computers play such an important part in our daily life?A. Why it is that B. Why is it thatC. Why
32、was it that D. Why is it38. Was it during the Second World War he died?A. that B. while C. in which D. then39. Is necessary to take off our shoes when we enter the lab?A. everyoneB. this C. her D. it40. Is possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?A. now B. that C. it D. man41. I don t think possib
33、le to master a foreign language without much memory work.A. this B. that C. itsD. it42. She heard of a terrible noise, brought her heart into her mouth.A. itB. whichC. thisD. that43. Alice received an invitation from her boss, came as a surprise.A. itB. thatC. whichD. he44. Does matter if he can t f
34、inish the job on time?A. this B. that C. he D. it45. Tom s mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but didn t help.A. he B. which C. she D. it46. The weather turned out to be very good, was more than we could expect.A. what B. which C. that D. it47. is a fact that English is being accept
35、ed as an international language.A. There B. This C. That D. It 48.I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have A. it B. those C. them D. one49.It was about 600 years ago the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.A. thatB. until C. before D. when50. I hate when people talk with
36、their mouths full.A. itB. thatC. theseD. themI began to appreciate their51. It was only when I reread his poems recently beauty.A. untilB. that C. then D. so52. It is the ability to do the job matters not where you come from or what you are.A. oneB. that C. what D. it53. It you that to blame.A. is;
37、isB. is; are C. are;are D. are; is54. Was that I saw last night at the concert?A. it youB.not you C.you D. that you55. electricity plays such an important part in our life?A. Why is it thatB. Why is it C. Why it is thatD. Why is that56. It was he said disappointed me.A.what;whatB.that;that C.what;th
38、atD.that;what57. It was in the lab was taken charge of by Professor Harris they did theexperiment.A. which; that B. that; what C. whom; that D. which; where58. Many people now make a rule to buy cards for their friends before Christinas.A. themselves B. it C. that D.this59. Someone is at the door, w
39、ho is ?A. this B. that C. it D. he60. 一It is raining cats and dogs.A. So it isB. So is it C. Neither it isD.Neither is itthat the earth is round, the earth is round.二.分析it成分，辨清相像句型。1. is we 11 know to us all is well known to us all,A. That B. As C. It D. Which2. I feeldoesn,anA. thist matter much wh
40、ether he 11 come to the party.honourB. ittobe invitedC. thatto speak here.D. what3. no wonder thatno need for youA.Therebeinghetohas passedwait here.the exam.B. It wasC. It is4.Was it the Was it in the A. thatD.There ishousehouseAbraham Lincoln was born?Abraham Lincoln was born?B.whereC. whichD.both
41、 A and B5. It s very kind you to help us. It s very important you to keep the balance of nature. A. for B. of C. to Dwith .6. It is no good such a thing.It s of no importance such a thing.A. do B. to do C. doing D. done7Its time that we to school.It is the second time that we to Beijing.A. go B. wen
42、t C.have been D. have gone8Its tomorrow he is going to Beijing.It was 8 o clock he went to school.A. that B. when C. before D. since9. It is 3 years he joined the army.It will be 3 years we meet again.A. before B. after C. since D. when答案: 一.单项选择1-30 ABADA CDDBD DDCBD ABACA BDADB CDABA31-60 CACDD AB ADCDBCDDBDDAABBBAACABCA二,分析it成分，辨清相像句型。21. CB 22. BB 23. CD 24. BA 25. BA 26. CB 27. BC 28. AB 29. CA