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1、Unit 3知识梳理重点短语both.and和都have fun玩得愉快singing competition 歌唱比赛care about 关心； 在意play the drums 打鼓 be talented in 在上有天赋bring out使显现；使表现出the same as和相同；和一致get better grades取得更好成绩the same.as 和相同的touch ones heart 感动某人be good at=do well in 擅长reach for one*s hand伸手帮某人一把make friends 交朋友in fact确切地说；事实上；实际上be d
2、ifferent from 与不同； 与有差异be similar to与相像的、类似的be good with善于应付be like a mirror 像一面镜子have good grades拥有好的成绩as long as只要；既然calL.at拨打找重点句型1 .A good friend truly cares about me.好朋友会真心关心我。2 .Well,Mary and her best friend are both tall.哦，玛丽和她最好的朋友都很高。3 .-you dont need a lot of them as long as theyre good.朋友
3、不在多而贵在好。4 .My best friend Larry is quite different from me.我最好的朋友拉里与我大相径庭。5 . In fact,shes funnier than anyone I know.事实上，她比我认识的任何人都有趣。6 .My best friend is similar to Larry because shes less hard-working than me. 我最好的朋友与拉里相似，因为她没有我努力。7 . And she also sings more loudly than Tara,并且她也比塔拉唱得更大声。8.Oh,whi
4、ch one was Lisa?哦，哪一个是莉萨?N。的翻译根据语境确定。 You are not engineers,are you?你们不是工程师，对吗？ Yes, we are不，我们是。/ No,we arent.是的，我们不是。注意在反意疑问句中，陈述部分有few, little, no,nothing,nobody,never seldom,hardly等表示否定意 义的词时，疑问部分用肯定形式。He has few friends in his new school,does he?他在新学校里几乎没有朋友，不是吗？【例句】It is rude to ask direct que
5、stions,?Yes,but I think its OK to your close friends.A.isnt itB.doesnt itC.does it解析考查反意疑问句。根据反意疑问句的结构：“前肯定后否定，前否定后肯定”的原则排除答案C.前句用It is，附加疑问用isnt it,故选A.12.if引导的宾语从句的用法(高频考点)I donl really care if my friends are the same as me or different.我并不十分在乎我的朋友是否跟 我一样或与我不同。(P21)句子结构分析I dont really care if my f
6、riends are the same as me or different.主句if引导的宾语从句(做care的宾语)用法本句是if(是否)引导的宾语从句。I don*t know if Tom will come here tomorrow.我不知道汤姆明天是否来这里。辨析 if, whetherif, whether表示“是否”时通常可以互换，但它们也有所区别：(1)如果句中有or not,则只能用whether,不能用if.I don 1 know whether he likes swimming or not.我不知道他是否喜欢游泳。(2)当引导宾语从句做介词的宾语，只能用whet
7、her.It depends on whether it will be sunny morrow.那取决于明天是否是晴天。(3)当宾语从句位于句首时，要用whether.Whether he will come I am not sure.是不是来我拿不准。(4)在动词不定式之前时，用whether.I dont know whether to go there at once.我不知道是不是该立刻去那里。(5)引导主语从句或表语从句时，通用whether.Whether it is true remains a question.是不是真的还是个问题。拓展if表示“如果”，引导的条件状从句
8、中，若主句、从句的动作均未发生，主句用一般将来时、 祈使句或含有情态词的句子，从句用一般现在时代替一般来时。111 go to the park if it doesnt rain morrow.如果明天不下雨，我就去公园。You must see the doctor if you are ill.果你生病了，就必须去看医生。【例句】Tina wants to know if you to the park with us tomorrow.Id love to.But if it, I may go to the library instead.A.go;will rainB.go;rai
9、nsC.will go;rainsD.will go;will rain解析考查动词的时态和从句。句意为“Tina想要知道你明天是否和我们一起去公园。”“我非常 乐意去。但是如果明天下雨的话，我可能就会去图书馆。”。第一个if引导的宾语从句， tomorrow表示将来，应用will go;第二个句子是if引导的条件状语从句，从句中的动词要用 一般现在时表示将来，应用rains,故选C.13. win的用法教材原句You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win,though.不过你能看出来莉萨确实想赢。 （P18）用法win做动词，意为“获胜；赢；赢得”，
10、可以做及物动词，也可以做不及物动词。它的过去式 和过去分词是won.Which team won the game?哪个队赢得了 比赛？She is sure she is able to win.她确信她能赢。辨析 win,beatwin“赢，获得L后接（比赛、战斗、辩论、奖品、钱等）事或物winner n.获胜者beat打败，战胜 后接（比赛、战斗、辩论对手）人或集体She won the first place in the competition.她在比赛中获得了 第一名。I felt a little disappointed because he beat me at chess.
11、我觉得有点儿失望，因为他下国际象棋赢 了我。一言辨异Ma Long won the gold medal by beating other players in the2020 ITTF FINALS.马龙在 2020 年 国际乒联总决赛中击败其他选手，获得了金牌。beat sb.（比赛中）赢了某人win the match (in the match)赢了比赛9. Are you as friendly as your sister?你和你妹妹一样友好吗？重点语法形容词、副词的比较级1 .形容词比较级的构成(1)规则变化直接在词尾加一er.short-shorter slow-slower以
12、不发音的字母e结尾的词直接在其后加一匚nice-nicer fine-finer late-later以重读闭音节结尾并且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，应先双写该辅音字母再加一er.hot-hotter fat-fatter以“辅音字母”结尾的双音节词，先变“y”为再加一er.heavy-heaviereasy-easierearly-earlier多音节词和部分双音节词在其前加more构成比较级。outgoing-more outgoingbeautiful-more beautiful形容词前加more构成比较级的情况：多音节形容词，more popular.;以一ful或一less结 尾的形容
13、词，more careful/careless;动词的现在分词或过去分词充当形容词，more boring,more tired;某些以一ly结尾的形容词前可加more,也可变y为，再力口一er,more friendly/friendlier.(2)常见的不规则变化的词有：good/well-better many/much-more bad/badly-worse little-less far-farther(further)速记：good/well 比较是 better,far 是 farther 和 further,worse 原级有两个，副词 badly 形 bad;little
14、比较是 less,many/much 同是 more.【例句1】Jane has become than before.She can express herself in public now.A.much outgoing B. most outgoing C.more outgoing D.less outgoing解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据句中than可知此空用形容词的比较级形式。所以选择C2 .基本用法(1)表示两者(人或事物)的比较。在含有“比较级+than”的句型中，当than前后所使用的 动词相同时，通常用助动词代替后面的动词。该动词或助动词也可以省略。Dean is ta
15、ller than M汰e(is).迪安比迈克高。He works much harder than I (do).他比我工作努力得多。(2)表示对两个人或事物进行对比，并进行选择时，常用句型：Which/Who+be+形容词比较 级，Aor B?Which is better,the blue one or the red one?哪个更好，蓝的还是红的？3特殊用法(1)“比较级+ and+比较级”或“moreandmore+原级(多音节词和部分双音节词)”意为“越来 越7。The little girl is more and more beautiful.这个小女孩越来越漂亮了。【例句2
16、】People in the rural areas live a life with the care of the government.A.happier and happierB.poorer and poorerC.more and more happily解析：考查形容词的用法。由介词短语“with the care of the government (在政府的关怀下)“和 生活实际可知空处表达“越来越幸福空处在句中作定语，修饰名词life,故使用形容词happy的比较级连 用。(2)当表示“是两者中更的”时，常用“the+比较级+ofthetwo”结构，定冠词the不可缺 少。
17、Liu Li is the taller of the two.刘丽是这两个人中较高的那个。(3)同一类人或物在某一范围内进行比较时，常用“比较级+ than any other+名词单数”结构, 意为“比其他任何都I think Wuxi is more beautiful than any other city in China.我认为无锡比中国其他任何一个城 市都漂亮。(4)“the+比较级.，the+比较级意为“越，越The higher you stand,the farther you will see.站得越高，看得越远。【例句3】During the exam,you are,
18、 mistakes youll make.A.the more careful;the lessB.the more careful; the fewerC.the more careless; the lessD.the more careless; the fewer解析：英语中“the+比较级，由e+比较级”表示越就越本句意思是在考试中你 越是细心，越少出错，mistake为可数名词，所以答案为B。4在使用比较级时一定要注意：(1)比较的对象必须一致。Our classroom is bigger than yours ( your classroom).我们的教室比你们的(教室)大。(
19、2)有时为了避免重复，可用that或those代替前面提到的词，而且that或those不能省略。The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Nanchang in winter.冬天，北京的天气比南昌的(天 气)更冷。His stories are more interesting than those I told.他的故事比找讲的（故事）更有趣。拓展：句中只有一者时用原级，其标志词是very,so,too,quite等。表示双方情况“一模一样”， 用“as+形容词或副词的原级+ as”结构；表示双方情况“不（那么）一样，用“notso/as
20、+原级+ as”结构。 在这两种结构中，第一个as是副词，而第二个as是连词。My package is as heavy as yours.我的包裹与你的（包裹）一样重。His bedroom is not as/so neat as his sisters.他的卧室没有他姐姐的（卧室）整洁。小贴土含有not as/so.as的句子也有比较的含义，可以和含有比较级的句子进行转换。Tom is not as short as Tim.汤姆没蒂姆矮。=Tim is not as tall as Tom.蒂姆没有汤姆高。=Tomis taller than Tim.汤姆比蒂姆高。=Tim is s
21、horter than Tom.蒂姆比汤姆矮。【例句4】I think this book is than that one. Youre right.I prefer that one.A.more popularB.more useful C.Iess interesting D.less boring解析：本句是一个比较级的句子，根据句意答案为C重点知识1 .both.and. .的用法教材原句 Both Sam and Tom can play the drums, but Sam plays them better than Tom.萨姆和汤 姆都会敲鼓，但萨姆敲得比汤姆更好一些。（
22、P17）用法bothand意为和两者都%在句中连接两个并列成分（主语、谓语、宾语 等）。连接两个并列成分做主语时，谓语用复数。Both Kate and I are ready for the new school life.凯特和我都为新的学校生活做好了准备。（连 接两个主语）中考重要考点 中考与both.and同时考查的短语：eitheror或者或者;neither.nor. 既不也不；not onlybut （also）不但而且.后面的三个短语谓语动词都有就近原则的情况。Either you or I am going there tomorrow.明天要么你去那儿，要么我去。注意bot
23、h与介词of连用做主语时谓语动词用复数形式。Both of them are my classmates.他们两个都是我的同学。要点辨析both,allboth用于两者，指两者都all用于三者或三者以上的全部【例句】The two books are about English.You can choose of them to read.A.all;both B.all;eitherC.both;eitherD.both;neither解析：both表示“两者都”;either表示“两者中任一”;neither表示“两者都不”。前空根据“The two books”可知用both,表示“两者
24、都”；后空根据句意可知需要表达“你可以选择（两本书中）任 何一本去阅读，【例句】Both Sandy and Millie interested in cooking. They often learn to cook at weekends.A.amB.isC.areD.be解析：考查主谓一致。both.and连接并列主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。be interested in doing sthf对做某事感兴趣”。2 .as.as.的用法（高频考点）教材原句Tara works as hard as Tina.塔拉和蒂娜学习一样努力。（Pl8） 用法asas表示与一样”,用于两者的同级比较
25、。as和as中间应接形容词/副词的原级， 不能用比较级。I think English is as important as math.我认为英语与数学一样重要。Tom is as tall as Tim.汤姆和蒂姆一样高。拓展as.as的否定结构是not as/soas.,意为“不如;比不上A.not as/so.as B 可转化为“B.比较级+ than A”的结构。He is not as/so tall as his father. = His father is taller than him.他爸爸比他个子高。 中考重要考点asas结构的短语：（l）as well as意为“与一样
26、好“，还表示不但而且；而且；还；和。Tom as well as his parents is going to London.汤姆和他的父母要去伦敦。（as well as连接两个成分做主语时，谓 语的单复数与前面一个主语保持一致）（2）askmgas意为“与一样长”,还表示“只要”,引导条件状语从句。As long as it doesn*t rain,we can go.只要不下雨,我们就可以去。【例句】Guilin isnt as as Beijing.A.bigB.biggerC.biggest解析 考查形容词的比较等级。asas中间用形容词原级，意为“与一样 故选A.3 .with
27、的用法（高频考点）教材原句The one with shorter hair.头发较短的那一位。（P18）句子结构分析本句中的with shorter hair是with的介词短语做后置定语，修饰代词one,此口寸with意为“带 有；具有；拥有，拓展with表示事物的附属部分或所具有的性质，如“带有料的；加的茶水；馅的包 子、水饺等。He doesnt like tea with sugar.他不喜欢加糖的茶水。中考重要考点当主语后有with,together w汕/along with时,谓语动词与前面的主语部分一致。The boy （together） with his parents
28、often goes to a museum.这个男孩和他的父母经常一起去博 物馆。【例句】What would you like to drink,Joe?-Td like a cup of coffee milk, please.I like the taste.A.inB.withC.from解析考查介词辨析。句意为“Joe,你想喝什么？ ”“我想喝一杯带有牛奶的咖啡。我喜欢这种味 道。with意为“带有料的，故选B.4 .make sb.do sth.的用法（高频考点）教材原句A good friend makes me laugh.一个好朋友让我笑。（P20）用法make sb.do
29、 sth .意为“使某人做某事。do sth.是省略to的动词不定式，它在该结构中做宾语 补足语。The teacher made Ann get her book back.老师让安把她的书拿回来。注意make sb.do sth.的被动语态结构是be made to do sth.,注意，在对应的被动语态结构中，省略 的to要重新补出。The boss made his workers work twelve hours a day.=The workers were made to work twelve hours a day.老板逼迫工人每天工作12个小时。中考重要考点 省略to的不
30、定式做宾语补足语的词（组）：“一感”（feel）;“二听” （hear,listen to）;“三使” （make,let,have）;“四看”（see,watch,notice,look at）;“半帮助（help,to可以加，也可以省略）。以上词（组） 在主动句里to走开，被动句里to回来。【例句】Turn the world into a big family,and well make peoples wish true earlier.A.comesB.will comeC.comeD.to come解析考查非谓语动词。句意:把世界变成一个大家庭，然后我们可以让人们的愿望早点实现。M
31、ake sb.do sth.让某人做某事，故选C.5 .as long as的用法（高频考点）教材原句you dont need a lot of them as long as theyre good不在多而贵在好。（P21） 句子结构分析.you dont need a 10t of themas long as theyre good.- 主句引导词条件状语从句用法askmgas只要；既然引导条件状语从句，可以置于句首或句中as long as和一样长用于asas结构中，表示同级比较As long as it doesn*t rain,we can go.只要不下雨，我们就能去。This
32、 river is as long as that one.这条河与那条河一样长。中考重要考点as long as引导的条件状语从句，若主句含有一般将来时/祈使句/情态动词，从句要用一 般现在时。She will make progress as long as she works hard.只要她努力学习,她就会取得进步的。【例句】We continue to pull together,well keep winning the game.A.As long asB.Even thoughC.As soon as解析考查连词辨析。As long as只 要；even though尽管；as
33、 soon as-就.句意：只要我们继续齐心协力，我们将会一直赢得比赛，故选A.6上匕较级修饰词的用法教材原句.Larry is much less hard-working,though.不过，拉里学习远不如我那么用功。（P21） 用法less hard-working是hard-working的比较级，much用于修饰比较级，起强调作用。This book is much more expensive than that one.这本书比那本书贵得多。注意用于修饰比较级的a little,even,rather,far,a lot,a bit都起强调作用。比较级前不可用very,so等 词
34、修饰。I often drive fast,but he drives even faster.我经常开车开得很快，但他开得更快。7 .reach 动词，“伸手；到达；抵达”【探究】（l）reach表示“到达”时，后面可直接跟地点名词作宾语，中间不加介词。也可接home,there,here 等地点副词。eg他到门口就停下了。He stopped when he reached the door.你昨晚几点到家的？When did you last night?（答案：arrive home ）【拓展】表示“到达”的其他短语还有：get to+地点arrive at/in+地点（2）reach
35、表示“伸手”时，后面可跟for再加名词，表示“伸手去够某物”。e.g.我尽力伸手去够那个盒子，但它太高了。I tried my best to the box but it was too high.（答案：reach for ）8 .【辨析】花费：spend take pay costspend主语是人spend.on sth./spend.(in) doing sth.pay主语是人pay for sth./pay + 金钱.for sth.take主kzd itIt takes sb.+时间+to do sth.cost主语是物sth. costs sb.+金钱9 . It is+adj
36、.for sb.to do sth.Im shy so ifs not easy for me to make friends.我很害羞，所以对我来说交朋友不容易。【探究】Itis+adj.forsb.todosth.是固定结构，意为“做某事对某人来说是的”。该结构中 it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。句中形容词为描述事物的词,for表示“对（某人）而言 eg起初对我来说学好英语并不容易。was not easy me learn English well at the beginning.（答案：It for to ）我们在车流太大时过马路是很危险的。dangeroususcro
37、ss the street when theres a lot of traffic.（答案：Its for to ）【拓展】当此句型中的形容词为描述人的词时，则其后介词用of,意为“做（某事）体现出（某人）工eg你那样做太聪明了。Its cleveryou to do that.（答案：of ）他帮助我们走出困境，真是太善良了。Its very kindhim to help us out.（答案：of ）10 . other, the other, another, others 和 the others 辨析Im different from Jeff because Im louder
38、 than the other kids in my class. （P. 22）other, the other, another, others 和 the others 辨析other:意为“别的、其它的“，常用来修饰可数名词。the other:表示“两者中另一个“，是特指；the other之后也可以加复数名词，特指“其它的， another:表示“三者中另一个others:用作代词，泛指“其他的人或物”是复数概念。the others:特指在一个整体中的“其余的人或物（全部）We study Chinese, English, Math and other subjects.The
39、re are three people in the room. One is a girl and the other two are boys.You should think of others.There are fifty-five students in our class. Thirty of us are girls and the others are boys.11 .反意疑问句的用法（高频考点）教材原句Thafs Tarajsn11 it?那是塔拉，对吗？（P17）用法本句是反意疑问句，结构：肯定陈述句，附加疑问用否定式；否定陈述句，附加疑问用 肯定式。Its really interesting,isnt it?那里真的很有趣,不是吗？They wont move to our town next month,will they?下个月他们不会搬到我们镇来，是吗？拓展反意疑问句的回答应根据事实来答：Yes,十肯定；No,十否定。