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1、小题素养卷培素养,稳实力【小题小卷】冲刺2023年高考英语小题限时集训(解析版)专题04时态语态A组难度:建议用时:30分钟正确率: /40单句练习单句语法填空1 . (2022-2023学年浙江衢州二中2022届高三英语第一次模拟考试)California is burning.In recent weeks, hundreds of fires 36(destroy) structures, torched thousands of acres and blackened the sky withsmoke.Fear of the blazes has also led to strate
2、gic blackouts that have left millions 37 power.【答案】36. have destroyed【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:最近几周,数百起火灾摧毁了建筑物,烧毁了数千英亩土地, 天空被烟熏黑。根据时间状语in recent weeks可知,用现在完成时态,主语为复数,故填have destroyed。2 . (20222023天一大联考皖预名校联盟2023届高三第一次联考)“The blind man who did not want to see Titanicv pocketed the Best Feature film while
3、“The Family“ won the Best Director. Eight more prizes 61 (award).【答案】were awarded【详解】考查动词时态和语态。这里表示在电影节上其他八项奖项“被颁发”,因此用一般过去时的被动 语态,主语是复数,已经发生过的,故填were awarded。3 .(20222023学年浙江省七彩阳光新高考研究联盟高三上学期9月返校联考)However, there is room for constant 40 (improve), as some parts of the C91941 (import) from the West.
4、【答案】are imported【详解】考查时态语态。句意:然而,由于C919的一些部件是从西方进口的,所以还有不断改进的空间。 主语与谓语构成被动关系,结合上文there is room可知为一般现在时的被动语态,谓语用复数。故填are imported o4 . (2022 年广西柳州高级中学高三模拟题)Streets 44(decorate) with red Lunar New Year lanterns,not the five rings of the Olympics.【答案】 were decorated【详解】考查时态语态。句意:街道上装饰着红色的农历新年灯笼,而不是奥运五环
5、。根据it seemed”可知, 此处描述过去发生的事情,所以应用一般过去时。动词decorate意为“装饰”,和主语streets构成被动关系。 主语 streets 为复数。故填 were decoratedo5 .(2023 北京高考第零次英语模拟试题)Before I went to middle school, I 11 (dream) of becoming a teacher.【答案】had dreamed【详解】考查时态。句意:在我上中学之前,我曾梦想成为一名老师。根据时间状语从句“Before I went t。 middle school/9,可知,本句时态为过去完成时;主
6、语I和动词dream之间存在主动关系。故填had dreamedo 6.(2022年北京北师大实验中学高三第二学期热身练习)The team is currently building modules (舱)for a smaller prototype (原型)ring. The modules 19 (equip) in zero-gravity, using semi-automatic robotic tools made for the purpose.【答案】will be equipped【详解】考查谓语动词的时态与被动语态。句意:这些模块将在零重力条件下装备,使用为此目的而制造
7、 的半自动机器人工具。分析句子结构可知,equip在句子中做谓语,主语modules和equip之间是被动关系, 在根据后文可知,这个模块还没有完成,所以应用将来时。故填will be equipped。7 .(2022年5月北斗星盟高三年级联考英语学科试题)Now, in this latest study the scientists of the team 44 (find) that not only do such high-fat, high-sugar diets impair memory in humans, but they appear to directly affec
8、t our ability to control our appetite.【答案】has found【详解】考查动词时态。句意:现在,在这项最新的研究中,该团队的科学家们发现,这种高脂肪、高 糖的饮食不仅会损害人类的记忆力,而且似乎会直接影响我们控制食欲的能力。根据句意可知,这项研究 从过去到现在一直没有中断,而且有发现,对现在产生了影响,应用现在完成时。故填has found。8 . (2022河南新乡二模语法填空)Humans are explorers since the dawn of civilization. We 34 (attract) over the horizon to
9、 find food or more space, or just to see what beyond those trees or mountains or oceans.【答案】have been attracted【解析】考查动词语态。句意:我们被地平线所吸引,去寻找食物或更大的空间,或者只是去看看那些树、 山或海洋之外的东西。根据前句since the dawn of civilization可知,该段主要讲述自从人类文明以来,人类 就渴望探索太空,所以用现在完成时;同时,句子主语we和所填词attract之间是被动的关系。故填have been attracted。9 .(2022
10、山东模拟预测语法填空)The taoray Spring Summer 20202 (show) for the first time on the worldstage of New York Fashion Week 3 tradition met modernityThe taoray taoray collection 10 (be) a reflection on how the designers are preserving culture to remind people of the beauty of tradition in daily life!【答案】2. was s
11、hown 3. where 10. is【解析】2.考查动词语态。句意:taoray taoray 2020春夏季时装展首次登上传统与现代相结合的纽约时装 周世界舞台。根据本句中的Spring Summer 2020可知,此处应用一般过去时,因为The taoray taoray Spring Summer 2020与show之间是被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态,故填was showno3.考查定语从句。句意:taoray taoray 2020春夏季时装展首次登上传统与现代相结合的纽约时装周世界舞 台。设空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词world stage,并在从句中作地点状语,应用
12、关系副词where 引导,故填where。10.考查主谓一致。句意:taoray taoray系列是设计师如何保存文化,提醒人们在日常生活中的传统之美的 反映!根据本句中的are preserving可知,设空处应用一般现在时,因为句子的主语是collection,故填is。 10. (2022广东梅州-一模)When I finally stepped out of the trees, the view was breathtaking. An eagle flew over the snow-capped mountains, which 3 (reflect) in the still
13、 lake below.【答案】3. were reflected3.考查时态和语态。句意:一只鹰飞过白雪皑皑的群山,群山倒映在下面平静的湖面上。谓语动词reflect 和主语之间是被动关系,根据前文flew可知,此处描述过去发生的动作,故用一般过去时的被动语态,非 限制性定语从句引导词which替代先行词mountains作主语,为复数,主谓一致,故填were reflectedo语篇练习语法填空(2023届盐亭中学二诊模拟)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。The history of Chinese Teachers5 Day 41 (date) b
14、ack to the Han Dynasty. It is a day of respecting teachers and education. In the past, on August 27 each year, the birthday of Confucius, the emperor, 42 (follow) by court officials, would go to Confucius1 temple in honor of the ancient philosopher and would also invite royal teachers to the court f
15、or a feast. And on this day, teachers around the nation enjoyed 43 day*s break and 44 (give) dried meat as gifts.Excellent teachers would be chosen from academies and 45 (institution) across the country to report46(they) deeds to the royal court and be presented with 500 Hang silver coins as awards.
16、 In the Qing Dynasty, well-performing teachers would be promoted to 47 (high) positions than before or obtain a salary rise.The customs to show respect to teachers varied from region to region. Today, the goal of Teachers5 Day is to form a social climate 48 teachers are respected and knowledge is va
17、lued. And its date is 49(official)set at the beginning of the school year. The celebration includes congratulations 50 students, recommending outstanding teachers, the exchange of ideas among teachers, and so on.【答案】41. dates42. followed43. a 44. were given45. institutions46. their 47. higher48. whe
18、re 49. officially50. from【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了教师节的起源及其发展。41题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:中国教师节的历史可以追溯到汉朝。分析可知,句子表达的是现在的情况, 所以用一般现在时,注意主谓一致,主语为单数名词,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式,还需注意,date back t。意为“追溯到”,是不及物动词,不用被动语态。故填dates。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在过去,每年的8月27日,孔子的生日,皇帝会跟随朝廷官员去孔庙,以纪念这 位古代哲学家,并邀请皇家教师到宫廷,宴请他们。分析可知,句子谓语动词为would go,和foll
19、ow之间 无and连接,所以空处为非谓语,且follow和其逻辑主语the emperor之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作 伴随状语。故填followed。43题详解】考查冠词。句意:在这一天,全国的教师们享受了一天的假期,并得到了干肉作为礼物。根据句意和on this day可知,此处表示“一天的休息”,所以用不定冠词表示单数,且day为辅音音素开头,所以用冠词a。 故填a。【44题详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:在这一天,全国的教师们享受了一天的假期,并得到了干肉作为礼物。分析可知,主语teachers和give之间是被动关系,月.and连接空处和enjoyed做句子的并列谓语,所以
20、要用 一般过去时的被动语态,注意主谓一致。故填were given。45题详解】考查名词的数。句意:从全国各地的学院和机构中选拔优秀教师,向朝廷报告他们的事迹,并授予500两银币作为奖励。根据academies and可知,institution为可数名词且在句中表示复数。故填institutions。46题详解】考查代词。句意:从全国各地的学院和机构中选拔优秀教师,向朝廷报告他们的事迹,并授予500两银币 作为奖励。分析可知,修饰名词deeds要用形容词性物主代词。故填their。【47题详解】考查形容词的比较级。句意:在清朝,表现好的教师会被提升到比以前更高的职位或获得加薪。根据than
21、before可知,此处要用形容词的比较级,表示“比之前更高的职位”。故填higher。【48题详解】考查定语从句。句意:今天,教师节的目标是形成尊重教师、重视知识的社会氛围。分析可知,空处引导 定语从句,修饰表示地点的名词climate,且引导词在从句中做地点状语,所以用关系副词where引导。故 填 where o【49题详解】考查副词。句意:它的日期是在学年开始时正式确定的。修饰动词set要用副词。故填。fficially。【50题详解】考查介词。句意:庆祝活动包括来自学生的祝贺、推荐优秀教师、教师之间的思想交流等。分析可知,此 处表示“来自学生的祝贺”,所以用介词from。故填from。
22、短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(八),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1 .每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2,只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。One day, my teacher told me some exciting news. I was one of the students whom had the chance to pla
23、y the piano in the concert. Heard this, T filled up of a mix of excitement and horror. In order to perfect my piece, I practiced hard than before. The big day arrived. When it was my turn to play, and I felt a little terrifying. But I slowly make my way up to the stage. With a few mistake made durin
24、g the performance, I finished the whole piece. It was my first time perform in public, and I realized that the most important thing are to be confident and take action when we do everything.【答案】l.whom-who/that 2. HeardfHearing 3.offwith 4.hard玲 harder 5.terrifyingfterrified 6.makefmade mistakefmista
25、kes 8. 在 perform 前力口 to 9. arefis 10. something玲anything【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者第一次在舞台上演奏钢琴的过程和感悟。【详解】1 .考查定语从句。句意:我是有机会在音乐会上弹钢琴的学生之一。句子含有一个定语从句,先行 词为。ne of the students,且在限制性定语从句中作主语,指人,所以用关系代词that或who引导定语从句。 故 whom 改为 who/thato2 .考查非谓语动词。句意:听了这话,我心中充满了兴奋和恐惧。非谓语动词hear和逻辑主语I之间是主 动关系,所以用现在分词作状语,首字母大写
26、。故将Heard改为Hearing。3 .考查介词。句意:听了这话,我心中充满了兴奋和恐惧。fill up with意为“充满”,是固定搭配。故将 of改为w汕。4 .考查副词的比较级。句意:为了完善我的作品,我比以前更努力地练习。结合句中的than before,所 以副词hard用比较级。故将hard改为hardero5 .考查形容词。句意:轮到我演出的时候,我觉得有点害怕。主语是人I,表示“人感到有点害怕”,应该 用修饰人的V-ed的形容词terrified作表语。V-ing常用来修饰物,terrifying指“令人害怕的”。故将temfying 改为 terrified o6 .考查时
27、态。句意:但我慢慢地走上了舞台。描述过去的事情,所以用一般过去时态,动词make使用过去 式。故make改为made。7 .考查名词的数。句意:演奏中出现了一些错误,但是我完成了整首曲子。mistake为可数名词,前面有a few,后接复数名词mistakeso故将mistake改为mistakes08 .考查固定句型。句意:这是我第一次公开演出,我意识到最重要的是要有信心,在我们做任何事情时都要 采取行动。it is/was sb9s first time to do sth.,意为“某人第一次干某事”,是固定句型。故在perform前加to。9 .考查时态和主谓一致。句意:这是我第一次公开演出,我意识到最重要的是要有信心,在我们做任何事情 时都要采取行动。句中含有that引导的宾语从句,结合时间状语从句中的“we do everything”可知陈述事实 用一般现在时,主语the most important thing是单数概念,系动词使用is。故将are改为is。10 .考查不定代词。句意:这是我第一次公开演出,我意识到最重要的是要有信心,在我们做任何事情时都 要采取行动。结合句意可知表示“任何事情”应该用不定代词anything,而不是something (某事)。故将 something 改为 anythingo