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1、【英语】高考英语语法填空专项训练100（附答案）含解析一、高中英语语法填空L阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Since 1949 when the Peoples Republic of China(establish), and especially since 1978, Chinas transformation from a traditional (agriculture) society to a modern industrial society has been greatly accelarated by a rapid industrial
2、restructuring. Chinas industrial structure developed according to the objective of industrialization, aimed at the proportion(比彳列)of agriculture declining ceaselessly, and the proportion of the industrial and service sector increasing continually.(current), the industrial goods produced in China all
3、 range from capital goods to consumption goods.Chinas factory outputs extend from textiles (纺织业)to railway, planes and computers. China is the largest producer of inexpensive cotton textiles in the world and exports large (quantity) of textiles and clothes. Food processing is very important, and muc
4、h farm produce is exported. Other industrial products(include)television sets, bicycles, cars, trucks and washing machines are expanding in the world.China has become industrialized country to some extent. The auto and the housingindustry, in the process of industrialization have developed by leaps
5、and bounds. The most important export products are machinery and electric equipment,the most important import products are raw materials. In recent years, Chinas industry(compete) internationally, and as a result, the(develop)of the countrys industry is increasingly influenced by international econo
6、mic environments.【答案】 was established ； agricultural ； which ； Currently； quantities； including； an ； while/and； has competed has been competing； development【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，自1978年以来，中国从传统农业社会向现代工业社 会的转型，在产业结构调整的快速推进下，取得了长足的进步。中国在一定程度上已经成 为一个发达的工业化国家。(1)考查时态语态。根据Since 1949可知应用一般过去时,且主语the Peoples Re
7、public of China与谓语动词establish构成被动语态，用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was established o(2)考查形容词。society为名词,需要形容词修饰,故填agricultural。(3)考查定语从句。句意：中国的产业结构是按照工业化的目标发展的，其目标是农业 比重不断下降。本句为定语从句修饰先行词the objective of industrialization,且先行词在从 句中做主语，指物，故用关系代词which,填which。(4)考查副词。句意：目前，中国生产的工业产品从资本品到消费品应有尽有。修饰整 个句子应用副词，故填Currently。(
8、5)考查名词。large quantities of固定短语，大量,故填quantities。(6)考查非谓语动词。句意：包括电视机、自行车、汽车、卡车和洗衣机在内的其他工 业产品正在世界范围内扩张。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故include只能做非 谓语，表示包括；包含后跟包含的内容时需用现在分词，故填including。(3)考查名词。dollar为可数名词，且被a thousand修饰。故填dollars。【点评】本题考点涉及连词，时态，名词等知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生 在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分 析推理，从而写
9、出正确的单词形式。9 .阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的形式。In the closing ceremony of the 2018 Olympic Winter Games. China put on See You in Beijing in 2022, directed by Zhang Yimou. The show centered on the talents of a team of 24 roller-skating (perform) from Beijing Sport University. Two of them(dress) as Panda C
10、aptains led the performance. The performance reviewed Chinas ancient times.(show) the countrys rich cultural heritage (遗产)and singing about the present, as well as the future that (lie) ahead.In addition to traditional symbols including the Great Wall and lucky animals theChinese dragon and the Chin
11、ese phoenix, the performance also showed Chinas recent engineering and(technology) achievements. Towards the end of the performance, the Olympic rings(rise) on the stage, as well as images of a global village, childrens smiling faces, olive branches and plum blossoms(梅花)，stood for Chinas promise to
12、promote global peace and building a better future for mankind. Finally, the skaters travelled a path on ice (draw) the Winter Dream sign of the Olympic Winter Games Beijing 2022. The performance(successful) sent Chinese peoples goodwill and invitations to the world for Beijing 2022.【答 案】 performers
13、； dressed ； showing ； lies ； like ； technological ； rose ； which ； to draw/drawing； successfully【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在2018年韩国平昌冬季奥运会闭幕式上，中 国“2022,相约北京”的表演诠释了中国文化，传达了“北京欢迎你”的愿望。(1)考查名词。句意：这场表演的主角是来自北京体育大学的24名轮滑表演者。空前的 rollerskating作定语修饰空处，又根据空前的a team of 24可知，空处应填表示人的复数名 词，故填 performers。(2)考查非谓语动词。句意：
14、他们中有两人穿着“熊猫队长”的服装领衔演出。分析句子可 知，本空在句中过去分词充当形容词，修饰Two of them,故填dressed。(3)考查非谓语动词。句意：演出回顾了中国的古代，展示了中国丰富的文化遗产，歌 颂了现在。根据语境可知，空处与下文的singing并列状语，故填showing。(4)考查时态。句意：演出回顾了中国的古代，展示了中国丰富的文化遗产，歌颂了现 在。以及展现在面前的未来。分析句子的结构可知，本空在句中充当谓语，“位于，展示 %用一般现在时，其主语是单数future,故填lies。(5)考查介词。句意：除了长城和像中国龙、中国凤等幸运动物等吉祥物外，。根据 语境可知
15、，此处表示举例，意为“如,像.,故填like。(6)考查形容词。句意：这场表演还展示了中国最近的工程技术成就。分析句子结构可 知，空处在句中修饰名词achievements,修饰名词作定语要用形容词，故填technological。(7)考查时态。句意：演出快结束时，奥运五环在舞台上升起，o通读全文可知，闭 幕式发生在过去，所以五环升起应该用一般过去时，故填rose。(8)考查定语从句。句意：演出接近尾声时，台上升起奥林匹克五环，还有地球村、儿 童笑脸、橄榄枝、梅花等形象，代表着中国促进全球和平、建设人类美好未来的承诺。分 析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子，并在从句中
16、作主语， 故用关系代词which引导，因此填which。(9)考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，选手们在冰上滑走了一条路，画出了 2022年北京冬 奥会的冬梦“标志。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，空处作状语或定语，作状语时表目 的，故填to drawo也可理解为作a path的后置定语，故也可填drawing,故填to draw/dra wingo(10)考查副词。句意：演出成功地向世界发出了中国人民2022年北京奥运会的善意和 邀请。根据空前的the performance”和空后的,sent”可知，空格处就用副词作状语，修饰 sent,故填 successfullyo【点评】本题考点涉及名词，非谓
17、语动词，时态，介词，形容词，定语从句以及副词等多 个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上 下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。10 .阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Kiwis are endangered little birds native to New Zealand. It(believe) that these small birds exist as a result of New Zealands isolation (隔离)from the other parts o
18、f the world, forcing animals there(adapt)and evolve (进化)so as to be able to survive and reproduce. The evolution is what has led to the present(appear) of the kiwi bird.Kiwis are a national symbol of New Zealand, with the name kiwi(be) associated with many things in New Zealand including their famou
19、s rugby national team.Kiwis have excellent memories and can remember something that(happen) as long as five years back. Even though they have feathers, their feathers look and feel(much) like hair rather than feathers.This enables them to be able to hide in a bush and go(complete) unnoticed by their
20、 natural enemies.Unlike most birds, the kiwi bird has a great sense of smell enables them to sniff outprey (猎物)hidden in bushes and underground.The smallest kiwi bird has height of 45 centimeters and wight of 2 kilograms whilethe largest kiwi can grow 50 centimeters tall and can weigh 3.5 kilograms.
21、【答案】 is believed ； to adapt； appearance； being； happened ； more； completely； that/which； a； to【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了儿维鸟的相关信息。(1)考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：人们认为，这些小鸟的存在是新西兰与世界其 他地方隔绝的结果。此处是陈述种客观事实，故应该使用一般现在时；It is believed that. 据人们认为”,因此填一般现在时的被动语态。故填is believed。(2)考查非谓语动词。句意：迫使那里的动物适应和进化，以便能够生存和繁殖。force.to do s
22、th.固定短语，“强迫做某事，故填to adapto(3)考查名词。句意：这种进化导致了几维鸟的出现。present在句中为形容词，因此应 该填入所给形容词的名词形式。故填appearance。(4)考查非谓语动词。句意：几维鸟是新西兰的国家象征，kiwi这个名字与新西兰的许 多事物都有联系，包括新西兰著名的橄榄球队。此处是with+名词+分词结构，由于kiwi 与动词短语be associated with之间是主动关系，因此填所给词的现在分词形式。故填 beingo(5)考查时态。句意：几维鸟的记忆力很好，他们能记住五年前发生的事情。故应该使 用一般过去时，因此应该填入所给动词的过去式。故
23、填happened。(6)考查形容词。句意：尽管它们有羽毛，但它们的羽毛看上去和摸起来都更像是茸毛 而非羽毛。因此填形容词的比较级。故填more。(7)考查副词。句意：这使得它们能够躲在灌木丛中，完全不被天敌发现。此处是用于 修饰过去分词unnoticed,因此用副词,填completely。(8)考查定语从句。句意：与大多数鸟类不同的是，几维鸟有很强的嗅觉，能够嗅出隐 藏在灌木丛和地下的猎物。此处是一个限制性定语从句，先行词是a great sense of smell, 指物，且引导词在定语从句中作主语、因此填关系代词that或which,引导该限制性定语 从句o故填that/which。
24、(9)考查冠词。句意：最小的几维鸟身高45厘米，体重2公斤。have a height of.固定 短语，有高,因此填冠词a。故填a。(10)考查介词。句意：而最大的几维鸟可以长到50厘米高，重3.5公斤。介词to后接 数字表示能到达多高。故填to。【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态，主谓一致，非谓语动词，名词，形容词，副词，定语从 句，冠词以及介词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的 基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出 正确的单词形式。(7)考查冠词。句意：中国在一定程度上已经成为一个发达的工业化国家。country为可 数名词
25、，此处表泛指“一个国家，且industrialized为元音音素开头的单词，故应填an。(8)考查连词。句意：最重要的出口产品是机电设备，而最重要的进口产品是原材料。 表示前后对比应用while；或表示承接关系用连词and。故填while或and。(9)考查时态。根据上文In recent years可知本句为完成时态，表示过去发生的动作持续 了一段时间持续到现在，用现在完成时，主语为单数，故填has competed；或表示过去发 生的动作从过去一直持续到现在，不曾间断，用现在完成进行时，主语为单数，故填has been competingo(10)考查名词。根据上文定冠词the可知应填名词
26、形式，故填development。【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态，形容词，定语从句，副词，名词，非谓语动词，冠词， 连词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇政治经济类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上， 进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单 词形式。2 .阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。As Alison Gopnik described in her recent book, there are two kinds of parents in modern America: The Carpenter and the Garde
27、ner. The carpenter, thinks that his or her child can(shape). HThe idea is that if you just do the right things, get the right skills and read the right books, youre going to be able to turn your child a particular kind of adult,she saidThe gardener, howeveris seldom concerned about(control) what the
28、 child w川 become and instead provides a protected space explore). The style is all about: creating a rich, nutritious but also variable, diverse, active ecosystem.Gopnik, a psychology and philosophy professor at the University of California, Berkeley, said. Many parents are carpenters, and is really
29、 necessary for them to bring up their children. She spent decades researching childrens development and finally(find) that parents often focused too much on what their children would be as adults. The harm is that parents and their children may become(anxiety), tense or unhappy.Were so concerned abo
30、ut our children we think have difficulty mastering their ownfuture that were unwilling to allow them to(free) explore the world.* she says. The truth is that the(little) that parents worry about outcomes, the better their children may live in life.【答案】 be shaped ； into ； controlling ； to explore ； i
31、t ； found ； anxious ； who/that ； freely； less【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了现代美国存在的木匠型父母和园丁型父母的 特点。(1)考查语态。句意:“木匠型父母认为他或她的孩子可以被塑造。可知，此处主语与动 词之间为被动关系，又因为空前有情态动词can.。故填be shaped。(2)考查介词。句意：木匠型父母认为他或她的孩子可以被塑造。turn . into固定短 语，将变成，故填into。(3)考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，园丁型父母很少关心孩子会变成什么样，而是提供 一个受保护的探索空间。此处用所给词的动名词作介词about的宾语。故填co
32、ntrolling。(4)考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，园丁型父母很少关心孩子会变成什么样，而是提供 一个受保护的探索空间。此处用所给词的动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词spaceo故填 to exploreo(5)考查代词。句意：很多父母都是木匠型父母，对他们来说，把孩子抚养成人是非常 必要的。此处为Its十形容词十for sb十to do sth的结枸，意为对某人来说，做某事 是，在该句中是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。故填it。(6)考查时态。句意：她花了儿十年的时间研究孩子的发展，最后发现父母往往过于关注 孩子成年后的状况。根据并列连词and及前句中的谓语动词spent可知，此处用所
33、给动词 的一般过去式。故填found。(7)考查形容词。句意：危害在于父母和他们的孩子可能会感到焦虑，紧张或不快乐。此 处用所给词的形容词作become的表语。故填anxiouso(8)考查定语从句。句意：我们非常关心我们的孩子，我们认为他们很难掌握自己的未 来，我们不愿意让他们自由探索世界。分析句子结构可知，该空引导的是一个限制性定语 从句，从句中缺少主语(we think是插入语)且先行词是our children,故此处用关系代词 who/that引导该定语从句。故填who/thato(9)考查副词。句意：我们非常关心我们的孩子，我们认为他们很难掌握自己的未来，我 们不愿意让他们自由探索
34、世界。此处用所给词的副词修饰动词explore。故填freely。(10)考查形容词。句意：事实是，父母越不担心结果，他们的孩子可能生活得越好。根 据句意事实是，父母对结果的担心越少，他们的孩子的生活就越好可知，此处用所给形 容词的比较级，且枸成the十比较级,the十比较级的结枸。故填less。【点评】本题考点涉及语态，介词，非谓语动词，代词，时态，形容词，定语从句，副词 等多个知识点的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根 据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。3 .阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确
35、形式。The more advanced technology becomes, the more it seems to have control over our lives. We shop, work, play, search for information and seek(chat) with each other online. Yet people are not arguing about this astonishing condition. It(believe) that people have readily embraced technology, seeking
36、 only the benefits but(ignore) its drawbacks.It does not matter whether your home is in a(noise) downtown or in the remote countryside. If you have a screen it can pick up a signal, your mind is st川 in the sameplaceless place. This place is the zone your mind will go when you stare at a screen,and i
37、t feels like your mind stops thinking.Recent developments in technology also led to a decline in normal social behaviors. In past ages, you could walk around town for a whole day without seeing all the people you know. Now, everyone you know is arms reach, taking that certain psychological feeling o
38、ut ofseeing people. You can see them every second of every day, and hear nearly every single thought of theirs just as they hear(you).In(conclude), modern technology can be a double-edged sword. They do have their advantages, but they can change our lives(complete).【答案】to chat； is believed； ignoring
39、； noisy； and； where； within； yours； conclusion； completely【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了现代技术是一把双刃剑。它们确实有自己的 优势，但它们可以彻底改变我们的生活。(1)考查非谓语动词。句意：我们在网上购物、工作、娱乐、搜索信息和聊天。语seek to do sth.固定短语，“试图做,设法做某事,故填to chat。(2)考查时态语态。句意：人们相信，人们已经欣然接受了技术，只追求它的好处而忽 略了它的缺点。It is believed that固定句式，“人们相信,故填is believedo(3)考查非谓语动词。句意：人
40、们相信，人们已经欣然接受了技术，只追求它的好处而 忽略了它的缺点。本空与上文seeking only the benefits构成并列非谓语结构，故填 ignoringo(4)考查形容词。句意：不管你的家是在闹市还是在偏远的农村。downtown为名词需要 形容词修饰，故填noisy0(5)考查连词。句意：如果你有一个屏幕，它可以接收到一个信号，你的思想仍然在同 一个地方。结合上下文语境可知为承接关系，故填and。(6)考查定语从句。句意：当你盯着屏幕的时候，你的大脑会进入这个区域，你会觉得 大脑停止思考了。本句为定语从句修饰先行词place,且先行词在从句中做地点状语，故填 whereo(7
41、)考查介词。句意：现在，你认识的每个人都在你的触手可及的范围内，把那种特定 的心理感受带离与人交往。within arms reach固定短语，伸手可及的范围内，故填 withino(8)考查代词。句意：你每时每刻都能看到他们，几乎能听到他们的每一个想法，就像 他们听到你的一样。此处做hear的宾语需要用名词性物主代词，故填yours。(9)考查名词。句意：总之，现代技术是一把双刃剑。in conclusion固定短语，总之， 故填 conclusiono(10)考查副词。句意：它们确实有自己的优势，但它们可以彻底改变我们的生活工修饰 动词change应用副词形式，故填completely。【
42、点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，时态语态，连词，定语从句，介词，代词，名词以及 副词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一 步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形 式。4 .语法填空In China, the history of people planting and using bamboo can date back as far as 7000 years. As early as the Shang Dynasty, bamboo was being used in ancient peopled dally
43、lives. It was used for food, clothing, housing, transportation,(music) instruments and even weapons.The(apply) of bamboo in science and technology is thrilling. In 251 BC, Li Bing, in Sichuan, (lead) the local people in building the Dujiang Weirs, the first irrigation network in the world, in which
44、bamboo played important role. The worlds oldest water piper was also(make) of bamboo. During the Han Dynasty, the people in Sichuan(success) sank a 1600-metre-deep well with thick bamboo ropes. This technology did not spread to Europe the 19th century, and it was by using the technologythe Americans
45、 drilled the first oil well in Pennsylvania in 1859.In Chinese culture, bamboo is well-known as of the four gentlemen in plants. Tomany distinguished men, bamboo is a symbol of goodness and honesty. It is always closely related to people of positive spirits. Bamboo culture contributes to encouraging
46、 People to hold on when(face) tough situations.【答案】 musical； application； led； an； made； successfully； until； that； one； facing【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了竹子在人类历史上所起的重要作用。(1)考查形容词。空后是名词instruments,应该使用形容词作定语修饰该名词，故填 musicalo(2)考查名词。前有定冠词the修饰，且该短语在句中作主语，所以使用名词，填 applicationo(3)考查时态。本句介绍历史上李冰在四川带领当地人修建都江堰的故事
47、，所以使用一 般过去时，句中的谓语动词应该使用过去式，填led。(4)考查冠词。play a role in,固定短语，在中起作用。形容词important作为动词 修饰role,因为该词以元音音素开头，所以使用an,故填an。(5)考查非谓语动词。be made of固定短语，由制成。世界上最古老的水管也是由 竹子制成的，故填made。(6)考查副词。在英语中副词通常作状语修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子。本句中 副词successfully修饰谓语动词，在句中作状语,故填successfullyo(7)考查连词。notuntil固定短语，直到才,该连词短语在句中引导时间状语 从句。竹子直到
48、19世纪才传到欧洲。故填until。(8)考查强调句型。强调句型的基本结构是：It is/was+被强调成分+that/who+其他成分； 本句中强调句型强调的是方式状语by using the technology,故填thato(9)考查数词。句意：在中国文化中，竹子作为四君子之一而出名。one of +名词复数表 示之一。故填one。(10)考查非谓语动词。句意：竹子文化有助于鼓励人们在面对困难处境时坚持下去。本 句连词when的后面省略了 people are,故用现在分词，填facing。【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，名词，时态，冠词，非谓语动词，副词，连词，强调句型 以及数词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上， 进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单 词形式。5 .阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language. It dates back several thousand ye