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1、作文1 一、话题类作文2 2012年06月四级作文Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledOn Excessive Packagingfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.1目前许多商品存在过度包装的现象2出现这一现象的原因3我对这一现象的看法和建议3 Nowadays,thereisawidespreadconcernoverexcessivepackaginginourcountry.It
2、isknowntoallthatexcessivepackaginghasnegativeinfluencesonconsumers.Andpeoplewouldturnpaleattheverymentionofexcessivepackaging.4 Therearemanyreasonswhyexcessivepackagingemerges,butingeneral,theycomedowntothreemajorones.Foronething,Iargue,Chineseconsumerscaremoreaboutpackagingthanproductitself.Foranot
3、her,thepackagingoftenrepresentsthequalityofproduct,sothemanufactureriseagertodoexcessivepackaging.Buttheprimereasonisperhapsthatthedepartmentconcernedturnsablindeyetothisirrationalphenomenon.5 Inregardtothisproblem,stepsshouldbetakentominimizeit.Thefirstthingweshoulddoistoemphasizeproductsqualityove
4、ritspackaging.Anotherthingwecandoistostrengthenthesupervisiononexcessivepackaging.Inaddition,theInternetisoneofthemosteffectivemediathatremindconsumerstospendreasonably.6 1对立观点式l A有人认为X是好事，赞成X，为什么？l B 有人认为X是坏事，反对X，为什么？l C我的看法。7 lSomepeopleareinfavoroftheideaofdoingX.Theypointoutthefactthat支持X的第一个原因。
5、Theyalsoarguethat支持X的另一个原因。l However,otherpeoplestandonadifferentground.TheyconsideritharmfultodoX.Theyfirmlypointoutthat反对X的第一个理由。Anexamplecangivethedetailsofthisargument:一个例子。l Thereissometruthinbotharguments.ButIthinktheadvantagesofXoverweighthedisadvantages.Inadditiontotheabove-mentionednegative
6、effectsitmightbringabout,XalsomayX的有一个坏处。8 2批驳观点式lA一个错误观点。lB 我不同意9 lManypeoplearguethat错误观点.Bysayingthat,theymean对这个观点的进一步解释.Anexampletheyhavepresentedisthat一个例子.lTheremightbesomeelementoftruthinthesepeoplesbelief.Butifweconsideritindepth,wewillfeelnoreservationtoconcludethat与错误观点相反的观点.Thereareanumb
7、erofreasonsbehindmybelief.列举理由和例子.10 3社会问题（现象）式A一个社会问题或者现象。B 产生的原因 C对社会和我们生活的影响 D 如何杜绝。（如果是问题的话）即：“描述现象”“分析原因”“建议措施”11 lNowadays,thereexistsanincreasinglyserioussocial/economic/environmentalproblem.(Xhasincreasinglybecomeacommonconcernofthepublic).Accordingtoasurvey,调查内容说明这种现象的情况。（或者是一个例子）。l Therear
8、eacoupleofreasonsboomingthisproblem/phenomenon.lXhascausedsubstantialimpactonthesocietyandourdailylife,whichhasbeenarticulated（表达）inthefollowingaspects.lAdozenofmeasuresaresupposedtotaketopreventXfrombringingusmoreharm.lBasedontheabovediscussions,Isuggestthatweshould.12 议论文的框架13 1.不同观点列举型（不同观点列举型（选择
9、型选择型 ）There is a widespread concern over the issue that作文题目作文题目 .But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person.A majority of people think that 观点一观点一 .In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows:in the first place,原因一原因一.
10、Furthermore,in the second place,原因二原因二 .So it goes without saying that 观点一观点一 People,however,differ in their opinions on this matter.Some people hold the idea that观点二观点二 .In their point of view,on the one hand，原因一原因一.On the other hand,原因二原因二.Therefore,there is no doubt that观点二观点二.As far as I am conc
11、erned,I firmly support the view that观点一或二观点一或二.It is not only because _,but also because _.The more _,the more _.14 （2）利弊型的议论文）利弊型的议论文 Nowadays,thereisawidespreadconcernover(theissuethat)作文题目.Infact,therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesin题目议题.Generallyspeaking,itiswidelybelievedthereareseveralposit
12、iveaspectsasfollows.Firstly,优点一 .Andsecondly优点二 .Justasapopularsayinggoes,everycoinhastwosides,讨论议题isnoexception,andinanotherword,itstillhasnegativeaspects.Tobeginwith,缺点一 .Inaddition,缺点二 .Tosumup,weshouldtrytobringtheadvantagesof讨论议题 intofullplay,andreducethedisadvantagestotheminimumatthesametime.I
13、nthatcase,wewilldefinitelymakeabetteruseofthe讨论议题.15 (3)答题性议论文答题性议论文 Currently,thereisawidespreadconcernover(theissuethat)作文题目.Itisreallyanimportantconcerntoeveryoneofus.Asaresult,wemustsparenoeffortstotakesomemeasurestosolvethisproblem.Asweknowthattherearemanystepswhichcanbetakentoundothisproblem.F
14、irstofall,途径一 .Inaddition,anotherwaycontributingtosuccessofthesolvingproblemis途径二 .Aboveall,tosolvetheproblemof作文题目 ,weshouldfindanumberofvariousways.ButasfarasIamconcerned,Iwouldprefertosolvetheprobleminthisway,thatistosay,方法 .16 (4)谚语警句性议论文谚语警句性议论文 Itiswellknowntousthattheproverb:谚语hasaprofoundsig
15、nificanceandvaluenotonlyinourjobbutalsoinourstudy.Itmeans谚语的含义.Thesayingcanbeillustratedthroughaseriesofexamplesasfollows.(alsotheoretically)Acaseinpointis例子一 .Therefore,itisgoeswithoutsayingthatitisofgreatofimportancetopracticetheproverb谚语 .WiththerapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyinChina,aninc
16、reasingnumberofpeoplecometorealizethatitisalsoofpracticalusetosticktothesaying:谚语 .Themoreweareawareofthesignificanceofthisfamoussaying,themorebenefitswewillgetinourdailystudyandjob.17 常用句子18 Thereareadozenofreasonsbehindmybelief.Firstofall,论据1.Moreimportantly,论据2.Mostimportantofall,论据3.Insummary,总结
17、观点.Asacollegestudent,Iamsupposedto表决心.19 1.表示原因 Therearethreereasonsforthis2.表示好处Itisofgreatbenefittous3.表示坏处However，everythingdividesintotwo Itisharmfultous4.表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能 Itisimportant（necessary，difficult，convenient，possible）forsbtodosth 20 5.表示措施Weshouldtryourbesttoovercomethedifficulties6.表示变
18、化 Somechangeshavetakenplaceinthepastfiveyears Thecomputerhasbroughtaboutmanychangesineducation7.表示事实、现状 Wecannotignorethefactthat8表示比较IprefertoreadratherthanwatchTV21 l9表示数量 Ithasincreased（decreased）fromto l10表示看法 Peoplehave（take，adopt，assume）differentattitudestowardssthl11表示结论Fromwhathasbeenmention
19、edabove，wecancometotheconclusionthatisnecessary，however，itsmethodshouldbeimproved l12套语 lThisisatopicthatisbeingwidelytalkedaboutanddifferentpeoplehavedifferentopinionsonit22 二、图画类作文23 2013年06月四级作文Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessay.Youshouldstartyouressaywitha brief descriptionofth
20、epictureandthenexpressyourviewsontheimportanceofdoingsmallthingsbeforeundertakingsomethingbig.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.对白：SON:Dad,Iamabitworriedaboutdisposingofnuclearwaste.DAD:Ifyoucanemptythedustbinhere,youcandoanything.24 25 四级考试图画作文盛行三段式写法要掌握第一段，重点描述图画内容。这点在题干中也有强调(with
21、abriefdescriptionofthepicture)。对图画内容的描述可以饮用图画中人物的对话。简要描述即可，不用发散或挖掘。也就意味着，事实上你若看不懂图画中的“核废物”（disposingofnuclearwaste），其实没关系，照抄就好。26 四级考试图画作文盛行三段式写法要掌握第二段，阐明观点。而观点在题干中事实上给得很清楚：theimportanceofdoingsmallthingsbeforeundertakingsomethingbig.这进一步说明仔细审清题干比看懂图画中的对话更重要。阐明观点之后的思路与一般的六级提纲型写作一致，如我们一般在课上所提的，可以先举例说
22、明现象、然后再探讨导致现象的原因以及该现象可能导致的影响等;还可结合数字、研究、名言等进行论证。27 四级考试图画作文盛行三段式写法要掌握末段，除了总结观点外，一般还可以提出建议。这段的写法无论是图画、图表还是提纲写作、甚至格言谚语型写作，都差别不大。28 范文1(1).Inthispicture,wecantellthatthesonistalkingtohisfatherabouthisconcernaboutthenuclearwaste.Hisfathertoldhimthatifhecanemptythedustbinfirst,hecandoanything.Thisisaneas
23、ybutveryimportantstory,tellingusthatwehavetofocusonthingsaroundourdailylifefirst,andthenthethingsgreatenoughintheworld.29 (2).Inourdailylife,itisverycommontofindsomepeoplethattalkabouttheirgreatmindsontopicsthatfarawayfromtheirlives.However,theyprovidelittleconcernonstaffsthataroundtheirowndailylive
24、s.Thesepeopleareusuallynotverysuccessfulbecausetheirmindsarebeyondtheirgrasp.Tothisend,studentswhowanttobeabetterman,havetoknowthatonecanbecomegreaterandgreateriftheycancompletethingsaroundtheirdailylifewellonebyone.Theymaystandonthetopofthemountaininthesocietyfinally.30 范文2 (1).Talkinginthecartoona
25、retwoman,whoareaboyandhisfather.Theboyisworriedabouttheexpectableimpactsthedisposalofthenuclearwastemaycause,whilehisfatheristellinghimthatwhatmattersnowshouldbeemptyingthedustbininfrontofthem.31 (2).Itistheprofoundimplicationbeneaththesurfaceofthissimpleandsarcasticdrawingthatoughttobetakenintoacco
26、unt:onewhocancopewithsmalltasksfirstcanthenundertakesomethingbig.Takingalookaround,wecaneasilyfindsomestudentsdreamingoftheirbrilliantfuturebutunwillingtoattendclassesortodohomework,somenetizensworriedaboutthefateofournationbutrefusingtobetterthemselvesfirst,someofficialsclaimingtheirdeterminationsi
27、nmakingoursocietyabetterplacebutreluctanttogiveuppartsoftheirowninterests.32 Suchphenomenacollectivelyreflectthefactthatsomemoderncitizens,especiallyanumberofyoungpeople,lackthespiritof“thinkbig,downtoearth”.Thiscanbechieflyduetothefactthatthesepeoplearesolazyandblindthattheyareonlyinwantofafruitful
28、outcomebutnevermakeanyefforts.Asafamoussayinggoes,youreapwhatyousow.Thosewhowantstoflybutforgetthepowerofthegravitywillbesuretofalldownonthegroundandhurtbadlyasaresult.33 (3).Therefore,Isupposeitisimperativeforyoungpeopletounderstandtheimportanceofdoingsmallthingsbeforeundertakingsomethingbig.Notonl
29、yarewesupposedtolearnknowledgeandtoenhanceourabilities,wealsoneedtotakeseriouslytheassignmentsweconfront.Ibelieveonlyaftereachofusmanagestostrengthenhimselforherselfwilltheproblemsworryingusnowbesettledinthedaystocome.34 三、图表类作文35 图表作文的篇章结构图表作文的篇章结构写图表作文时，常采用三段式的谋篇方式。文章的第一段往往分析图表中的数据变化反映什么问题或趋势，概述图表
30、所揭示的信息。第二段分析造成这一问题或趋势的原因。第三段则展望未来的情况或提出解决问题的办法或建议。这一结构可以简单地表述为：第一段：概述图表反映的主题思想第二段：分析产生的原因第三段：展望未来或提出方法或建议36 图表作文常用的句型图表作文常用的句型（1）常用的开篇句型（即概述图表内容时常用的表达法）According to the table/pie chart/line graph/bar graph,we can see/conclude that 根据该表/图，我们可知 The table/graph reveals(shows/indicates/illustrates/repre
31、sents/points out)that 该表/图表明 As we can see from the table As can be seen from the line/bar graph As is shown(illustrated/indicated)in the pie chart 如表/图所示，37 (2)描述增减变化常用的句型 Compared with is still increased by The number of grew/rose from to An increase is shown in;then came a sharp increase of In th
32、e number remains the same/drops to There was a very slight(small/slow/gradual)rise/increase in 1990.There was a very steady(marked/sharp/rapid/sudden/dramatic)drop(decrease/decline/fall/reduction)in 1998/compared with that of last year).38 对于线性图表的描述对于线性图表的描述上升上升1.对于上升趋势的描述：对于上升趋势的描述：a.可以使用的动词或动词词组：t
33、oincreasetogouptorisetogrowtojumptoleaptosoartoshoottopickupb.可以使用的名词：anincreaseagrowthajumpasoaranupwardtrend39 2.对于上升到某个位置的描述对于上升到某个位置的描述：a.1.a.中的动词to具体数据。b.1.a.中的动词tothepeakof具体数据c.1.a.中的动词reachingthepeakof+具体数据。d.1.a.中的动词reaching+具体数据。e.topeakat 具体数据f.toclimbto+具体数据40 下降下降1.对于下降趋势的描述：对于下降趋势的描述：a
34、.可以使用的动词或动词词组：可以使用的动词或动词词组：to fallto decreaseto go downto slideto collapseto declineto dropb.可以使用的名词：可以使用的名词：acollapseadecreaseafalladeclineadrop41 2.对于下降到某个位置的描述对于下降到某个位置的描述：a.1.a.中的动词to具体数据。b.1.a.中的动词tothebottomof具体数据。c.1.a.中的动词reachingthebottomof+具体数据。d.1.a.中的动词reaching+具体数据。42 对于平稳的趋势的描述对于平稳的趋势的
35、描述：可以使用的动词或动词词组：tohardlychangetohavelittlechangetokeepsteadytolevelofftoremainconstanttostaythesame43 表示程度的副词表示程度的副词：1.程度较大：considerablydramaticallygreatlymarkedlyobviouslyquicklyrapidlysharplysignificantlysuddenlyn2.程度较小：slightlygraduallyslowlysteadily44 下表是下表是A市从市从2003年到年到2005年各种社会犯罪年各种社会犯罪案件的情况案件
36、的情况统计。请对该图表表进行描述并行描述并进行行分析，并呼吁分析，并呼吁为避免治安局避免治安局势恶化，要引起各化，要引起各方关注。方关注。Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic:An Analysis of the Social Crimes in City A.Study the following table carefully and base your passage on the information given below in Chinese.
37、You should write at least 120 words.45 Year Crime200320042005Serious assault(攻击)655464Robbery283438Sexual assault676668Breaking into homes162027Theft of a motor vehicle242732Fraud(欺骗)707371Vandalism(暴力行为)202119Total29029531946AnAnalysisoftheSocialCrimesinCityAThetableaboveshowsthenumberofincidentswi
38、tharangeofsocialcrimesinCityAovera3-yearperiod,from2003to2005.Thetypesofthesocialcrimesincludeseriousassault,robbery,sexualassault,breakingintohomes,theftofamotorvehicle,fraudandvandalism.47Fromthetable,itcanbeseenthatthetotalnumberofincidentsincreasesfrom290in2003to319in2005.Amongthesevensocialcrim
39、es,thereisasteadygrowthinrobbery(28in2003,34in2004,and38in2005),breakingintohomes(16in2003,20in2004,and27in2005),andtheftofamotorvehicle(24in2003,27in2004,and32in2005).Thereisnosignificantchangeintheotherareas,andthenumbersremainatthesamelevel.48Socialproblemscanbereflectedfromtheincreasingnumbers.Inordertopreventthesituationfrombecomingworseandtokeepastablesocialsystem,allsidesconcernedmustfindanefficientwaytocopewithit.Theauthoritiesrelatedshouldimprovethesystemandcarryoutregulationsmorestrictly.Meanwhile,ordinarycitizensshouldabidebylawsandregulations.49THANKYOU!50