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1、 语法专题十一：状语从句语法专题十一：状语从句 The Adverbial Clauses第1页u定义定义:一个_用作状语时,在语法上叫状语从句。这个句子可修饰主句_，_，_ 或_。状语从句通常由一个引发或起连词作用_引发或由_，_等引发。句子句子谓语谓语定语定语状语状语整个句子整个句子连词连词词组词组副词副词名词词组名词词组第2页1.While I was walking along the street,I found many beautiful buildings ()2.Where there is a will,there is a way.()3.Now that everybo
2、dy is here,lets begin our meeting.（）4.Ill speak slowly so that you can understand me.()5.So clever was he that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.()6.As long as you dont lose heart,youll succeed.()7.Try as he might,he could not find a job.()8.The old lady treats the boy as if he were
3、 his own son.()9.He is taller than I am.()时间时间地点地点 原因原因 目 结果结果条件条件让步让步方式方式 比较比较二、二、Identify the types of the Adverbial Clauses.例例句句导导入入第3页三三 九九种种惯惯用用状状语语从从句句 时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句结果状语从句条件状语从句目状语从句让步状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句 状语从句有九种，状语从句有九种，时地原因条时地原因条状补，状补，目比结果方让步目比结果方让步，连词引导各不一样；连词引导各不一样；主句通常前面走，主句通常前面走，连词引导紧随即
4、，连词引导紧随即，从句若在主前头，从句若在主前头，主从之间有个逗。主从之间有个逗。状语从句助记口诀：第4页状语从句类型状语从句类型n隶属连词时间状语从句时间状语从句地点状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句原因状语从句结果状语从句结果状语从句条件状语从句条件状语从句n目标状语从句让步状语从句让步状语从句方式状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句比较状语从句whenwhen，whenever，while，as，before，after，since，till,until，notuntil,the moment，immediately，no soonerthan，the first/secondtime，ins
5、tantly，hardlywhenwhere,wherever,everywhere,anywherebecause,as,since,seeing(that),now(that)so that,sothat,suchthatif，unless，as long as,suppose，supposing，in case，so far as，providedso，so that，in order that，for fear that，lestalthough,though,however(=no matter how),even if,whetheroras，as if，as thoughasas
6、，not as as，than第5页第6页1 状语从句连词含义及使用方法比较；状语从句连词含义及使用方法比较；2、no matter wh-与与 wh-ever 引导从句区引导从句区分；分；3、状语从句时态问题；、状语从句时态问题；4、状语从句倒装及省略问题；、状语从句倒装及省略问题；5、状语从句与其它从句区分。、状语从句与其它从句区分。第7页连接词连接词when使用方法小结使用方法小结1.when可用来引导时间状语从句，意为可用来引导时间状语从句，意为“当当时候时候”从句谓语从句谓语动词能够是延续，也能够是短暂。动词能够是延续，也能够是短暂。如：如：When the film ended,t
7、hey went back.When I lived there,I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.2.When 惯用于以下句式：惯用于以下句式：意为意为“就在那时就在那时”。如：。如：was doing somethingwhen was about to dowhen was on the point of doing sth.when had donewhen3.when能够表能够表“既然既然”，如：，如：How can I help them to understand when they wont listen to me?注意同一个隶属
8、连词多义性：第8页一一 时间状语从句时间状语从句问题问题1:1.We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started.A.when B.while C.until D.before2.He was about to tell me the secret _ someone patted him on the shoulder.A.as B.until C.whileD.when3.He transplanted the little tree to the garden _ it was the best time for it.A
9、.where B.when C.thatD.until4.Did Jack come back early last night?Yes.It was not yet eight oclock _ he arrived home.A.Before B.when C.that D.until5.He was about halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears.A.why B.where C.when D.whileA AD DB BB BC C第9页 1.while可用来引导时间状语，意为可用来引导时间状语，意为“
10、当当时候时候”；引引导动作必须是连续性，如：导动作必须是连续性，如：Please dont talk so loud while others are working.2.while作为并列连词，意为作为并列连词，意为“而，却而，却”，表示对比。，表示对比。Jane was dressed in brown while Mary was dressed in blue.3.while也可用来引导让步状语，意为也可用来引导让步状语，意为“尽管，即使尽管，即使”；可表示尽管，相当于可表示尽管，相当于although While I admit that the problems are diffi
11、cult,I dont agree that they cant be solved.4 趁趁情况赶快做情况赶快做,不然来不及了不然来不及了 Strike while the iron is hot.连接词连接词while使用方法小使用方法小结结 第10页问题问题2:6.The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain,_ the quality of life is probably one of the highest.A.since B.when C.as D.while7._ I accept that he is
12、 not perfect,I do actually like the person.A.While B.Since C.Before D.Unless8._it is true that a students most important goal is to do well in his or her studies,it doesnt need to be the only goal.A when B As C While D Before25.Mary made coffee her guests were finishing their meal.(全国)A.so that B.al
13、though C.while D.as ifD DA AC CC C第11页1.as可用来引导时间状语，意为可用来引导时间状语，意为“一边一边一边一边”；伴随；伴随如：如：She sang as she walked home all the way.(一边一边一边）一边）She was doing her homework as she was listening to the music.As she grew older,she became more beautiful.（伴随）（伴随）As the day went on,the weather got worse.2.as也可用来引
14、导原因状语从句意为也可用来引导原因状语从句意为“因为因为”；如：如：As she is free today,she would like to do some shopping.（因为）（因为）3.as还可用来引导让步状语从句（通惯用倒装结构）意为还可用来引导让步状语从句（通惯用倒装结构）意为“尽管尽管”。如：如：Tired as he was,he refused to take a rest.（尽管）（尽管）Hard as he worked,he cant work out the problem.Child as he is,he knows a lot.连接词连接词as使用方法小结
15、使用方法小结 第12页连接词连接词when,while,as使用方法区分：使用方法区分：when,while,as这三个连词都可表示这三个连词都可表示“当当时候时候”，使用时应注意：使用时应注意：1)when可表示一个时间点，也可表示一个时间段。如：可表示一个时间点，也可表示一个时间段。如：When he came in,we were having supper.When we were having supper,the light suddenly went out.2)while则只表示一个时间段。它所引导时间状语从句中则只表示一个时间段。它所引导时间状语从句中时态惯用进行时态。如：时
16、态惯用进行时态。如：When/While he was eating his breakfast,he heard the doorbell ring.While he was watching TV,the boy fell asleep.3)as则强调主句和从句动作在同一时间进行则强调主句和从句动作在同一时间进行;也可表示也可表示“伴随伴随”，。She sang as she walked along.As the election approached,the violence（暴行）（暴行）got worse.第13页小结：小结：1一些词，如一些词，如the moment,the mi
17、nute,the instant,immediately,directly,instantly,hardlywhen,scarcelywhen,no soonerthan等也可引导时等也可引导时 间状语从句，相当于间状语从句，相当于as soon as意思。意思。I came immediately you called me up.2一些含有一些含有time名词短语，如名词短语，如the first/second/last time,every time,each time,next time,by the time等，等，也可引导时间状语从句。也可引导时间状语从句。The first ti
18、me I drove the car,I felt very nervous.Next time you come,please bring your computer.3.假如假如hardly或或no sooner或或scarcely置于句首，句子必置于句首，句子必 须倒装。须倒装。Hardly/scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.第14页问题问题3:1.Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?Yes.I gave it to her _ I saw her.A.whil
19、eB.the moment C.suddenlyD.although2.I thought her nice and honest _ I met her.A.first time B.for the first time C.the first timeD.by the first time3._ entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his report.A.He hardly had B.Had he hardly C.Hardly had heD.Hardly he had B BC CC C第15页小结：小
20、结：till,until和和notuntil：1.until/till从句用于必定句时，主句动词从句用于必定句时，主句动词 是延续性动作，意为是延续性动作，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停某动作一直延续到某时间点才停 止止”。如：。如：We waited until/till he came.2用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，意为用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始某动作直到某时间才开始”。如：。如：He wont go to bed until her father returns.3till不能够置于句首，而不能够置于句首，而until能够。如
21、：能够。如：Until you told me I had no idea of it.4notuntil句型中强调和倒装说法：句型中强调和倒装说法：It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it.Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.第16页问题问题4:1.Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?Yes.He had never praised him _ he became one of the
22、top students in his grade.A.after B.unless C.until D.when2.A good storyteller must be able to hold listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the story.A.when B.unless C.after D.until3.It was not _ she took off her dark glasses _ I realized she was a famous film star.A.when;that B.until;that C.unti
23、l;when D.when;thenC CD DB B第17页连接词连接词before小结：小结：一、含义一、含义1 We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw the land.2 We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.3 Please write it down before you forget it.4 he rushed out of the room before I could say a word,.“过了才”“不到就”“趁”“还没来得及”第18页二二1）It will
24、be/段时间段时间before“还要过多久才还要过多久才”It will be two years before he leaves the country.2）It was+时间段时间段+before 从句从句“过了多久才过了多久才”（已发（已发生）生）It was three weeks before he came back 3）It will not be long before“过不了多久就会过不了多久就会”It wont be long before she comes back 4）It was not long before“过不多久就过不多久就了了”如：如：It wasnt
25、long before he realized his mistake.5）It is/has been时间时间since如：如：It is/has been three years since she was in the army.It is/has been three years since she joined the army.注意时态注意时态第19页问题问题5:1.He made a mistake,but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse.A.until B.when C.beforeD.as2.Scientists
26、say it may be five or six years_ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.A.since B.after C.before D.when3.Why didnt you tell him about the meeting?He rushed out of the room_I could say a word.A.before B.untilC.whenD.after4.It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time.A.before
27、 B.since C.after D.because C CC CA AB B第20页二、二、地点状语从句地点状语从句地点状语从句只有两个连词地点状语从句只有两个连词:Where，whereverWhere-在在地方，地方，Wherever-不论哪里不论哪里1.Put the medicine where you can easily get it.2.Where there is a will,there is a way.3.He follows her wherever she goes.4.Wherever you are,I will be right there waiting f
28、or you.第21页1.After the war，a new school building was put up _ there had once been a theatre.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when2.-Dont look down upon Bob.He has his own advantages.-Oh,yes._ others are weak,he is strong.A.If B.When C.Where D.Though3.-The thread of my kite broke and it flew away.-I had told yo
29、u it would easily break _it was the weakest A.when B.where C.unless D.since第22页三、三、条件状语从句条件状语从句问题问题1：1、It is known to all that _ you exercise regularly,you wont keep good health.A.unless B.whenever C.although D.if 2.You will be late _ you leave immediately.A.unless B.until C.if D.or3.The little boy
30、wont go to sleep his mother tells him a story.A.or B.unless C.but D.whetherA AA AB B unless 相当于 if not，意思是“除非”“假如不就”。这也是高考热点之一。第23页问题问题2：1、_ I can see,there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger.A.Because B.As far as D.Even if 2、I always take something to read when I go to the doctor
31、s _ I have to wait.Ain case Bso that Cin orderDas if B BA A as long as 与 as far as 都可引导条件状语从句，as long as 表示“只要”，as far as 表示“就而言”。题1依据题意应该选取B。in case 表示“以防”。第24页四、让步状语从句四、让步状语从句问题问题1：1、_ I accept that he is not perfect,I do actually like the person.A.While B.Since C.Before D.Unless2、Allow children t
32、he space to voice their opinions,_they are different from your own.A.untilB.even ifC.unless D.as though A AB B while 是高考中高频词，它既可引导时间状语从句，又可引导并列句，还可引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”。even if 等于 even though，表示“即使、尽管”。as though 等于 as if，引导方式状语从句，表示“好像、似乎”。第25页问题问题2：1、He tried his best to solve the problem,_ difficult it
33、was.A.however B.no matter C.whatever D although 2、The old tower must be saved,_the cost is.Ahowever Bwhatever Cwhichever Dwherever 3.English and French are taught here.You can choose _ you like.A.no matter whichB.whichever C.which D.whateverA AB Bno matter wh-与与 wh-ever 联络及区分：联络及区分：no matter wh-只引导让
34、步状语从句，此时与 wh-ever通用。No matter when/Whenever he comes back,he should be invited to the party.wh-ever又可引导名词性从句，No matter wh-不能。如：Whoever can help us will be welcome.第26页 五、结果状语从句五、结果状语从句 sothat,suchthat1)It is so good a story that Ill never forget it.It is such a good story that Ill never forget it.2)
35、such+a+adj名词+that clause such+（adj）+名词复数3)so+adj./adv.+that clause4)so+many/few+复数名词 +that clause much/little+不可数名词第27页六、原因状语从句六、原因状语从句 1)because表示某件事情发生直接原因或理由。它语气很表示某件事情发生直接原因或理由。它语气很强，因而惯用往返答强，因而惯用往返答why提问。在这几个连词中，它表示提问。在这几个连词中，它表示原因语气最强。如：原因语气最强。如：He didnt come to school yesterday because he was
36、 ill.2)since常表示对方已经知道既成事实，说话人依据这个事常表示对方已经知道既成事实，说话人依据这个事实得出某一个结论。其语气比实得出某一个结论。其语气比because要弱，普通译成要弱，普通译成“既然既然”。如：。如：Since you are here,why not stay for a few more days?3)as惯用于表示十分显著原因，说明因果关系，重点放在惯用于表示十分显著原因，说明因果关系，重点放在主句上，语气较弱，常译成主句上，语气较弱，常译成“因为因为”。如：。如：As its getting darker,we must go home now.4)for
37、只是一个并列连词，用于连接两个并列句，表示推理只是一个并列连词，用于连接两个并列句，表示推理或解释，对前一个分句进行附加说明。如：或解释，对前一个分句进行附加说明。如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet第28页例例.The day must be breaking,_ the birds have begun singing.A.because B.as C.for D.since第29页七、目状语从句.I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class.A.since B.so that C.a
38、s if D.unless You must speak louder so that/in order that you can be heard by all.He wrote the name down for fear that he should forget it.Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.第30页八、比较状语从句八、比较状语从句（asas,not as(so)as,more/-erthan,lessthan1)He doesnt work so hard as you do.2)There is as
39、 much ink in bottle A as in bottle B.3)The more you worry,the less youll succeed.4)Gold is much heavier than any other metal.26.I have seldom seen my mother_ pleased with my progress as she is now.A.so B.very C.too D.rather第31页 九九、方式状语从句方式状语从句 1)You must try to do as I did.*2)Lets do as Mr.Liu teach
40、es us.*3)He talks as if he knew all about it.(好像)第32页状语从句时态问题状语从句时态问题问题问题1：1、The house could fall down soon if no one_ some quick repair work.A has done B is doing C does D had done 2、It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time.A.before B.since C.after D.when 在条件，时间状语从句中，用普通现在时表示普通将来时。在 si
41、nce 引导时间状语从句中，动词普通都用普通过去时，而主句惯用现在完成时。C CB B第33页状语从句倒装问题状语从句倒装问题问题问题1：1、So difficult _ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English.A.I have felt B.have I felt C.I did feel D.did I feel2、Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was.A.did the
42、 villagers realize B.the villagers realized C.the villagers did realize D.didnt the villagers realizeD DA A第34页 状语从句倒装普通有下面几个情况：状语从句倒装普通有下面几个情况：否定词开头；否定词开头；not until so 加加 adj.开头；开头；as/though引导让步状语从句。引导让步状语从句。尤其注意：尤其注意：Hardly when No sooner than Child as he is,Hardly had he got to the station when t
43、he train left.No sooner had he got to the station than the train left.Child as he is,he can speak seven foreign languages.第35页While watching TV,_.A the doorbell rangB the doorbell ringsC we heard the door bell ringD we heard the doorbell ringsC状语从句省略问题状语从句省略问题第36页1：假如主从句主语一致，从句中又有“be”时，省略主语和be。While
44、 still a student,she played many roles.When told the secret,he was surprised.When(he was)still a boy of ten,he had to work day and nightIf(you are)asked,you may come in.2：从句中可省略it+是。You can turn to me for help if necessary.If(it is)necessary/possible.Ill explain it to you again.状语从句省略问题状语从句省略问题第37页状
45、语从句与并列句区分状语从句与并列句区分问题问题1：1、Though he is in his sixties,_ he works as hard as a young man A.yet B.but C.and D.and yet2、Excuse me for breaking in,_ I have some news for you.(NMET02)A.so B.and C.but D.yet 题1是主从复合句，所以中间不能使用并列连词 and;or;but;so 等。yet 是副词，只有 yet 能够与 though 连用。题2为并列句，而“Excuse,but”为一固定搭配。在复习中
46、需要细心分析句子结构和成份。A AC C第38页第39页1.We were about to leave_ it began to rain.2.She thought I was talking about her son,_,in fact,I was talking about my son.3.Hardly had I finished my composition _ the bell rang.A.when B.while C.as D.during对比训练对比训练 1 A AB BA A第40页1.Child _ she is,she know a lot.2.He did th
47、e experiment _ he was told.3.The pianos in the other shop will be cheaper,but not _ good.A.during B.as C.if D.though对比训练对比训练 2 B BB BB B第41页1.He would have a look at the bookstores _ he went to town.2.We decide to finish the work on time,_ happens.3.If we work with a strong will,we overcome any diff
48、iculty,_ great it is.4.Ill give the book to _ likes English.A.whenever B.whoever C.whatever D.however对比训练对比训练 3 A AC CD DB B第42页对比训练对比训练 9 1.If we work hard,we can overcome any difficulty,no matter _ great it is.2.If we work hard,we can overcome any difficulty,_ great it is.3.If we work hard,we can
49、overcome any difficulty,_ difficulty it is.4.If we work hard,we can overcome any difficulty,no matter _ difficulty it is.A.what B.how C.however D.whateverB BC CD DA A第43页对比训练对比训练 5 1.It will be years _ we meet again.2.It is ten years _ I came to this town.3.It is ten years ago _ I came to this town.
50、A.when B.that C.before D.sinceC CD DB B第44页对比训练对比训练 7 1.Go and get your coat.It is _ you left it.2.You are free to go _ you like.A.there B.where C.wherever D.when B BC C第45页对比训练对比训练 8 1.The article is written in such easy English _ all of us can read it.2.The article is written in such easy English