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1、Unit 1 The Power of LanguagePresented by:Grace Tan第1页目录课程说明考试题型U1重难点第2页课程说明英语（二）是高等教育自学考试各专业（英语专业除外）本科阶段公共基础课。其目标是培养学生系统英语语言知识，需要掌握大约4500词汇量。统考以阅读，写作为主，听，说不做要求。考试包含客观题和主观题，分别占卷面分55%和45%。试卷由7部分组成，各结构分别以下：第3页部分部分名称名称题题号号题题量量分分值值I阅读判断1-101010II阅读选择11-15510III概括段落大意和补全句子16-251010IV填句补文26-30510V填词补文31-40
2、1015VI完型补文41-501015VII短文写作130第4页New Words&Expressions1.critical adj.有判断力；判断公正（审慎）2.non-fiction n.纪实文学3.position n.观点；态度；立场4.statement n.说明；说法；表态5.question v.表示疑问；怀疑out of question/out of the question6.evaluate v.预计；评价；评定7.context n.事情发生背景，环境，来龙去脉8.value n.values pl.是非标准；价值观valuableinvaluable=pricele
3、ssvalueless第5页9.represent v.描述；表现 representative adj./n.10.assertion n.明确必定；断言11.sufficient adj.足够；充分 Sufficiency insufficient12.statistic n.statistics pl.统计数字；统计资料13.integrate v.（使）合并，成为一体14.authority n.教授；学术权威；泰斗 an/the authority on pare v.比较；对比 compare A with B compare A to B第6页16.subject n.主题；题目
4、；题材17.consistent adj.相符；符合18.inconsistency n.不一致19.assumption n.假定；假设20.case n.详细情况；事例 in case in case of fire in case that a case in point confirmed/suspected cases第7页21.directly adv.直接地；径直地22.identify v.找到；发觉23.valid adj.符合逻辑；合理；确凿 validity n.有效性，正确（性）invalid24.credible adj.可信；可靠 incredible=unbeli
5、evable25.landmark n.（标志主要阶段）里程碑26.relevant adj.紧密相关；切题 relevancy n.关联；恰当 irrelevant27.current adj.现时发生；当前28.appropriate adj.适当；恰当 inappropriate Its(not)appropriate that.第8页29.bias n.偏见；偏心；偏向30.considerably adv.非常；很；相当多地 consider considering considerable considerate consideration31.Democrat n.（美国）民主党
6、党员，民主党支持者民32.Republican n.（美国）共和党党员，共和党支持者33.reflect v.显示；表明；表示34.informed adj.有学问；有见识 well-informed ill-informed第9页1.apply to 使用；应用2.put forth 提出；产生3.take into account 考虑到；顾及4.accept/take at face value 相信表面；信认为真5.with a grain of salt 有保留地；持怀疑态度地第10页重点单词critical 有判断力，判断公正(或审慎)A critical reader will
7、notice many errors in this article.有判断力读者将会注意到这篇文章里有很多错误。He made a sound critical estimate of the problem.他对该问题作出了审慎可靠预计。statement n.说明;说法表态1 could not deny the truth of this statement.我不能否定这种说法真实性。Soon afterwards she made her first public statement about the affair.此事第一次公开表态。第11页evaluate v.预计;评价;评定
8、The professor was asked to evaluate the current situation.人们请这位教授评定一下当前形势。The research project has only been under way for three months,so it,s too early to evaluate itssuccess.这个研究项目进行了不过三个月，所以要对它成绩作出评价为时尚早。【近义词辨析】evaluate,estimate,assess,rate这儿个动词都有“评定，评价”之意。evaluate指仔细考虑以作出评价，尤其是相关好坏和用处评价。estimat
9、e通常指个人作出主观估价。assess原义指为确定交多少税而预计,指经过估价方便更加好利用。rate专指评定价值等级高低。第12页4.represent v.描述;表现The film intended to represent the lives of ordinary people.这部影片意欲表现普通人生活。5.assertion n.明确必定;断言He repeated his assertion that he was not guilty.他再三申明自己是无罪。Researchers have recently challenged these assertions.研究人员最近对
10、这些断言提出J异议。6.sufficient adj.足够;充分His income is sufficient for his needs.他收入能满足他需要。The police have sufficient evidence to connect the suspect with the explosion.警察有充分证实该嫌疑犯与爆炸案相关。第13页7.Integrate v.(使)合并，成为一体We must integrate theory with practice.我们必须把理论与实际结合起来。The different ideas have been integrated
11、into one uniform plan.不问意见全都融人了一个统一计划。8.Compare v.m比较Compare this new IV set with the old one,and you will see which is better.将这台新电视机与旧电视机一比，你就会看出哪一台更加好一些。9.consistent adj,相符;符合Her story was not consistent with the facts.她报道与事实不相符。His action is always consistent with his words.第14页10.Assumption n.n
12、.假定;假设His assumption proved to be wrong.他假设证实是错误。We are going on the assumption that the work will be finished tomorrow.我们是在依据明天可以完工这一假定行事。11.Identify v.:Can you identify J the man by his picture?F She leaned how to identify medicinal O herbs from a traditional Chinese doctor.or.她向一位中医大夫学习怎样识别草e药。No
13、 valid evidence has been found yet.还没有找到确凿证据。Do you have valid reasons for your absence?/:?你缺席有正当理由吗?13.Credible a The news report is hardly credible.这则新闻报道令人难以置信。At first Clydes story appears credible enough.最初，克莱德编造谎言似乎还足以使人相信。第15页14.Landmark n.路标;里程碑The church on the hilltop was a well-known land
14、mark.山顶上教堂是一个显著路标15.Relevant 紧密相关;切题 I dont think his remarks are relevant to our discussion.n.我认为他话与我们议题无关。He consulted a number of relevant books and periodicals.!参看了不少相关书籍和期刊。16.Current a.现时发生;当前We try and keep ourselves informed about current trends.我们设法随时了解当前形势进展。17.Appropriate.Her bright cloth
15、es were not appropriate她那身鲜艳衣服不适合参加葬礼。18.bias n.偏见;偏心;偏向Some people have a bias against foreigners.trs.有些人对外国人有偏见。The newspaper has a clear bias towards the Democratic Party.trty.这家报纸显著偏向民主党。第16页apply to sb./sth.=be applicable to sb./sth.适用某人派生词：application,applicant,applicableInvolve:第17页those是代词，代
16、替前面复数名词values and attitudes。代替可数名词单数或不可数名词用that。比如：The students in your class are more hard-working than those in his class.The values of the young people differ from those of their elders.Your voice is more beautiful that that of your classmates.The price of that book is higher than that of this on
17、e.第18页【单项选择题】1.The necklace her sister is wearing is much more beautiful than _ worn by Mary.A thisB thatC theseD those【答案】B【解析】本题考查指代词those/that使用方法。英语句子中为了防止重复常使用代词代替前面出现过名词。代替前面复数名词用those；代替可数名词单数或不可数名词用that。本句中空格处要填词代替换替单数可数名词necklace，故选A。此处that也能够换成the one。【知识点】指代词those/that使用方法第19页be consisten
18、t with 与一致consist vi.组成（of）；在于（in）；符合（with）The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.The beauty of the plan consists in its simplicity.This doesnt consist with what you told me earlier.consist派生词：consistent,inconsistent,consistency,inconsistency第20页【单项选择题】2.To tell you the tr
19、uth,I really hope that your actions will consist _ your words this time.A ofB inC atD with【答案】D【解析】本题考查consist使用方法。consist of意为“由组成”；consist in意为“在于”；consist with意为“与一致”，故选D。consist at不存在。该句意思是“说实话，我真希望这次你言行能【知识点】consist使用方法一致”。第21页whatever引导是表语从句，不能换成no matter what。名词性从句（主语，宾语，表语，同位语从句）中，疑问词ever不能换
20、成no matter+疑问词，状语从句中能够换用。比如：Whoever comes to our party is welcome.（不能换成no matter who）He will lend a helping hand to whoever needs his help.(不能换)He will buy whatever his son wants.（不能换）Whatever you do,I will support you.(能换成no matter what)第22页likely 在该句中是副词likely adj./adv.Profit will most likely have
21、 risen by about?2 million.利润极可能增加200万英镑左右（副词）be likely to do sth.Its likely thata likely resultlikely派生词：unlikely,likelihood。比如：The likelihood of infection is minimal.感染可能性极小。第23页Text B1.confidence n.自信心；把握相关词：confidentbe confident of sb./sth.have/lose confidence in sb./sth.注意比较：confident/confidenti
22、al2.program v.训练；培养3.mastery n.控制；驾驭4.destiny n.命运；天命；天数5.dramatically adv.巨大地；惊人地；显著地6.quality n.质量；品质7.subconscious adj.下意识；?意识8.please v.使满意；使愉快mand n.（给人或动物）命令第24页10.knowingly adv.有意地；蓄意地11.impact n.巨大影响；强大作用12.matter v.事关紧要；有重大影响13.confident adj.自信；有自信心14.sense n.（对重大事情）感觉，意识15.eliminate v.排除；去
23、除；消除eliminate all grammatical mistakesbe eliminated in the first round第25页16.disempower v.剥夺；使失去权利；剥夺力量注意构词法：dis（表示否定）+em（使，赋予）+poweren-/em-常见动词前缀，如：enable,enrich,endanger,enlarge等。empower v.授权，赋予权利17.self-esteem n.自尊（心）18.limit v.限制；限定区分两个名词limit和limitation。There is a limit/are limits to ones life.
24、There is no limit/are no limits to knowledge.Everyone has his own limitations.19.infinite adj.极大；无法衡量相关词：finite,finitely,infinitely第26页20.stifle v.压制；扼杀；阻止21.creativity n.创造力相关词：create,creation,creator,creative,creatively22.internal adj.内心；头脑中23.insignificant adj.微不足道；无足轻重相关词：significant,significanc
25、e,significantly,monly adv.通常；经常25.alternative n.可供选择事物，替换物have no alternative but to do sth.Is there any alternative to going to the cinema?26.fabulous adj.极好；绝妙第27页1.carry out 完成（任务）2.be up to 取决于3.have an impact on/upon 对产生巨大影响4.rub out 用橡皮擦掉（字迹等）5.be in control of掌管；管理；控制第28页Text Learning1 The la
26、nguage we use programs our brains.Mastering our language gives us a great degree of mastery over our lives and our destinies.It is important to use the language in the best way possible in order to dramatically improve our quality of life.第29页2 Even the smallest of words can have the deepest effect
27、on our subconscious mind,which is like a child,and it doesnt really understand the difference between what really happens and what you imagine.(1)It is eager to please and willing to carry out any commands that you give it-whether you do this knowingly or not is entirely up to you.(1)carry out comma
28、nds 执行命令(2)be up to sb.取决于某人比如：Its up to you whether we go there or not.第30页Try3 It is a small word yet it has an amazing impact upon us.If someone says,Ill try to do that you know that they are not going to be putting their whole heart into it,and may not even do it at all.(2)How often do you use t
29、he word try when talking about the things that matter to you?Do you say Ill try to be more confident or Ill try to do that or Ill try to call?第31页matter v.be important比如：As long as staff are smart,it does not matter how long their hair is.员工只要聪明，头发留多长没什么关系。It matters a lot whether you come to my bir
30、thday party or not.第32页4 Think about something that you would like to achieve,and say it to yourself in two different ways.Firstly say,Ill try to and notice how you feel.Next say,I will do and see how you feel.5(3)The latter makes you feel better than the first one,doesnt it?It gives you a sense of
31、determination,a feeling that it will be done.Listen to the people around you and when they say they will try notice if it gets done or not.Eliminate the word try from your dictionary and see how your life improves.（承上句）第33页Cant6 This is another small word with a big impact.It disempowers us,makes us
32、 feel weak and helpless,and damages our self-esteem.(4)It limits our infinite abilities and stifles creativity.Rub it out from your internal dictionary and replace it with something that makes you feel great.(1)infinite词根是finite，其它相关词：finitely,infinitely,finiteness/finity,infiniteness/infinity。(2)cr
33、eativity词根是create。注意区分两个名词：creation/creativity。第34页【单项选择题】3.选择括号内所给单词正确形式填空：A small word like cant limits our _(finite)abilities and discourages _(create).A finite,creatingB finite,creationC infinite,creativityD infinite,creation【答案】C【解析】本题考查finite及create派生词。第一个空格要填词作abilities定语，故选择形容词；第二个空格要填词作disc
34、ourage宾语，依据句义cant这么小词限制了我们无限能力并压制了我们创造性，故选C。【知识点】finite及create派生词第35页7 Instead of saying you cant,why not say something like I choose（愿意）or I choose not to.Using words like this allows you to take back your power and to be in control of your life.8 Words may appear small and insignificant,yet they c
35、an have a deep and lasting effect on us.(5)Mastering your language gives you the power to live whatever life you desire.第36页give the power相当于empower，该句等于Mastering your language empowers you to live whatever life you desire.第37页What words do you use a lot that disempower you?Make a list of words you
36、commonly use and then write next to them some alternatives you can use.（承上句）(6)Make these alternatives words that make you feel fabulous,not only about yourself,but about life and what you are doing!（承上句）(1)make在这里接名词作宾补，即make sb./sth.sth.，再如：We made him our monitor.(2)make you feel fabulous，make接do sth.作宾补。(3)not onlybut(also)第38页