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1、Unit1 The Mass Media目标导学重点词汇1trap vt.使落入险境；卡住，绊住n.陷阱，罗网；圈套；困境，牢笼2release vt.发布；释放；松开；发泄 n释放；发行；排放，泄漏3extend vi.& vt.延伸(距离)；扩大；延长；伸展4scream vi.& vt.尖叫；高声喊；发出大而尖的声音 n尖叫，尖锐刺耳的声音5choke vt.& vi.(使)窒息；(使)哽咽，(尤指感情激动而)说不出话来6citizen n公民；市民，居民7found vt.创建，创办；建立，兴建8politics n政治，政治事务；(个人的)政治观点，政见9accuse vt.谴责，控
2、诉10tax n税，税款 vt.对征税，使纳税11scholarship n奖学金；学术12witness vt.& vi.是发生的时间或地点，见证；目击；作证；是的迹象 n目击人，见证人；证人13edition n版本；一份，一期；版次14platform n计算机平台；站台，月台；讲台，舞台15broadcast n广播节目，电视节目vi.& vt.(broadcast，broadcast)播送，广播；散布，传播16channel n途径，渠道；电视台；频道；方法；水渠17peak adj.高峰时期的，最高度的 n顶峰，高峰；山峰；尖端 vi.达到高峰，达到最高值18boost vt.使增
3、长，使兴旺 n增长，提高；帮助，激励19purchase vt.买，购买 n购买，采购；购买的东西，购买项目20teapot n茶壶21brand n品牌；类型；烙印22placement n放置；安置23rating n收视率；等级，级别24sponsor vt.赞助；主办；为慈善活动捐款；资助 n赞助商；为慈善活动捐款的人25absorb vt.理解，掌握；吸收；吸引全部注意力26discount n折扣 vt.打折出售27tailor vt.专门制作，定做 n裁缝28housing n住房，住宅29estate n住宅区；(通常指农村的)大片私有土地；个人财产，(尤指)遗产词汇拓展1cr
4、itical adj.批评的，批判性的；关键的；危急的critic n批评家；评论家；评论员critically adv.批判性地2construction n建筑，建造；建造物construct vt.建设；修建3bath n洗澡，洗浴；浴缸，浴盆bathe vi.洗澡；游泳4automatic adj.自动的；无意识的，不假思索的automatically adv.无意识地；自动地5investigate vt.& vi.侦查，调查；研究investigation n调查；研究6journalist n新闻记者，新闻工作者journalism n新闻业，新闻工作7factual adj.事
5、实的，真实的factually adv.真实地8differ vi.相异；意见相左different adj.不同的differently adv.不同地difference n不同之处9conclusion n结论，推论；结束，结果；签订；达成conclude vt.& vi.结束；推断出10accurate adj.正确无误的；精确的accurately adv.精确地；准确地accuracy n准确(性)；精确(程度)11committed adj.尽心尽力的commitment n承诺，许诺；献身，投入；花费12contradict vt.相矛盾，相反；反驳，驳斥contradicti
6、on n不一致，矛盾contradictory adj.相互矛盾的；对立的13curiosity n好奇心，求知欲；奇物，珍品curious adj.好奇的curiously adv.好奇地14profession n行业，职业；同行；宣称，声明professional adj.专业的；职业的n.专业人员15interaction n互动；互相作用interact vi.交流；沟通；合作；相互影响；相互作用16membership n(统称)会员，会员人数；会员资格member n成员，会员17advertising n广告活动，广告业advertisement n广告，启事；广告活动，广告宣
7、传advertise vt.& vi.做广告，登广告；公布，征聘；展现，宣传advertiser n广告商18persuasion n说服，劝说；信仰persuade vt.说服；使信服19psychology n心理，心理特征；心理学psychological adj.心理的；精神上的；心理学的psychologically adv.心理上地；心理学地20memorable adj.难忘的，值得纪念的memory n记忆，记忆力；内存memorize vt.记忆；记住21amuse vt.(提供)消遣；逗笑amusing adj.好笑的；有乐趣的amused adj.逗乐的；觉得好笑的amu
8、sement n愉悦；娱乐重点词组1很多，许多dozens of2发生come about3例如，比如for instance4揭露，披露bring sth.to light5总结，概括sum up6be committed to致力于7mount up(尺寸和数量上)增加，上升8break out爆发9rely on依靠；依赖10take.for example以为例11迅速出现，突然兴起spring up12被传达，被理解，把讲清楚get across13(使)增添乐趣；使更艳丽brighten up14住宅区，住宅群housing estate15换句话说in other words16
9、hand in hand手牵手；密切关联17have an effect on对有影响18be likely to do sth.可能做某事19make a difference有影响，起作用20in addition to此外重点句型1had just done sth.when.刚做完某事，这时突然We had just got to the theater when the music concert began.我们刚到达剧院，这时音乐会就开始了。2现在分词(短语)作结果状语Music showed us a stronger power，making us feel inspired
10、.音乐向我们展示了更强大的力量，让我们备受鼓舞。3not only.but also.部分倒装句型 Not only can you enjoy music but you can also compose it.你不仅能欣赏音乐，而且还能创作音乐。4the比较级.，the比较级.“越就越”There is no doubt that the harder you work，the better results you will get.毫无疑问，你工作越努力，你就会得到越好的结果。5It is/ the firstt/second.time that .是某人第一/二次做某事Though i
11、t was the first time that I had visited the small town，I fell in love with it at once.尽管这是我第一次参观这个小镇，我立刻就爱上了它。知识精讲Word listsSupportive sentences1. critical /krtkl/ adj. 批评的，批判性的；关键的；危急的 (2)【原句背诵】The two news reports and the article below encourage you to be a critical news reader. Be a critical news
12、 reader!【拓展】critical of sb/sth 批评的；批判性的；挑剔的a critical comment/report 批判性的评论报道a critical factor in the election campaign 竞选活动的关键因素a critical moment in our countrys history 我国历史上的危急关头critically adv. 危急地；严重地；批评地critic n. 批评家；评论家；爱挑剔的人criticize vt. 批评；评论；非难 vi. 批评；评论；苛求criticism n. 批评；批判；考证；苛求Toms paren
13、ts were highly critical of the school. 汤姆的父母对学校提出了强烈的批评。Reducing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is of critical importance. 减少大气中的二氧化碳含量极其重要。The final decision is critical to our future. 最终决定对我们的未来至关重要。Students should be encouraged to develop critical thinking instead of accepting opinion
14、s without questioning them. 应该鼓励学生培养判断力，而非不加质疑地接受各种观点。2. trap /trp/ vt. 使落入险境；卡住，绊住n. 陷阱，罗网；圈套；困境，牢笼 (2)【原句背诵】The fire, which is thought to have started fromthe 8th floor, spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, leaving people on the upper floors trapped.【拓展】trap sb (into sth/into do
15、ing sth) 使陷入圈套；使中计；使上当set a trap设陷阱fall into a trap 落入陷阱【误区】trap的过去式和过去分词，要双写字母p。Some of the villagers became trapped by the rising floodwater. 几个村民被上涨的洪水困住了。The locals were encouraged to trap and kill mice to stop the spread of the virus. 当地人被鼓励用捕捉器捕杀老鼠以阻止病毒的传播。The government has found that its cau
16、ght in a trap of its own making. 政府已经发现其陷入了自己造成的困境中。She had set a trap for him and he had walked straight into it. 她给他设下圈套，他就径直钻了进去。3. release /rlis/ vt. 发布；释放；松开；发泄n. 释放；发行；排放，泄漏 (2)【原句背诵】Fears grew that the number of deaths could reach 5, according to figures released by emergency services.【拓展】rel
17、ease sb/sth (from sth) 释放；放出；放走release sb (from sth) 免除，解除（某人的职责、责任、合同等）；解雇the release (of sb) (from sth) 释放；获释the latest new releases 最新发行的产品the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere 二氧化碳向大气层的排放a sense of release after the exam 考试后的解脱感Firefighters took two hours to release the driver from t
18、he wreckage. 消防队员花了两个小时将司机从汽车残骸中救出来。The media not releasing any more details yet. 媒体还不准备发布更多详情。She burst into tears, releasing all her pent-up（压抑的）emotions. 她放声大哭，释放出长期压抑的情感。The new software is planned for release in April. 新软件计划四月份发行。Our therapeutic style offers release from stored tensions, trauma
19、s, and grief. 我们的治疗方式意在解除蓄积的压力、创伤和悲痛。4. extend /kstend/ vi. & vt. 延伸（距离）；扩大；延长；伸展 (2)【原句背诵】By this time, the fire had extended to the 15th floor.【拓展】to extend a fence/road/house 扩建护栏公路房子to extend a deadline/visa 延长最后期限签证to extend a rope between two posts 在两根柱子间拉根绳子to extend an invitation 发出邀请extensi
20、ve adj. 广泛的；大量的；广阔的extension n. 拓展；延伸；接发；（医学）牵引；（计算机）拓展名；（逻辑）外延There are plans to extend the no-smoking area. 现已有扩大无烟区的计划。Careful maintenance can extend the life of your car. 精心保养可延长汽车寿命。The company plans to extend its operations into Europe and Africa. 公司打算将业务扩展到欧洲和非洲。The service also extends to wr
21、apping and delivering gifts. 这项服务还包括包装及递送礼物。This year they have introduced three new products to extend their range. 今年他们已引入了3种新产品以扩大他们的范围。5. construction /knstrkn/ n. 建筑，建造；建造物 (2)【原句背诵】There is concern that the construction company that built the tower block had not followed fire safety rules. 【拓展
22、】in/under construction 在建造中；正在施工之中in the construction of 建筑construction technology 施工技术，建筑技术；建筑施工；建筑工艺学economic construction 经济建设infrastructure construction 基础设施；基础设施建设construct v. 建造，修建（某物，尤指建筑物，公路，机器）；组成，创建；形成（观念，理论）n. 构想，概念；编造，杜撰；建造物，构筑物【反义词】destruction n. 破坏，毁坏；摧毁Work has begun on the constructi
23、on of the new airport in Xiongan. 雄安新机场的建设已经开工。 The new offices are still under construction (= being built). 新办公楼尚在修建中。The summer house was a simple wooden construction. 那座避暑别墅是简单的木结构建筑。6. dozen /dzn/ n. 许多；（一）打；十来个 (2)dozens of 很多，许多 (2)【原句背诵】The fire has also left dozens of people injured, 5 of w
24、hom are in a critical condition.【拓展】by the dozen成打地；按打计算two dozen eggs 两打鸡蛋three dozen red roses 三打红玫瑰several dozen/a few dozen people 数十几十个人【比较】two dozen eggs和two dozen of the eggs【误区1】具体数字修饰dozen时，它要用单数形式。如：three dozen years【误区2】特别词汇表示具体数字的还有：score二十；decade十年；fortnight两星期；十四天 anniversary 一周年；hundr
25、ed一百The company employs no more than a couple of dozen people. 这个公司顶多雇用了几十个人。The storm in July this year destroyed dozens of homes and buildings. 今年7月份的暴雨毁坏了许多房屋和建筑物。Tom has been to the Great Wall dozens of times. 汤姆去过长城很多次。Eggs are sold by the dozen in the mall. 超市鸡蛋按打出售。7. minor /man(r)/ adj. 轻微的，
26、次要的 (2)【原句背诵】Lisa Mayer, 29, is among the lucky ones who only suffered minor injuries.【拓展】a minor road 小路minor injuries 轻伤to undergo minor surgery 做小手术minority n. 少数；少数派；少数民族【反义词】major adj. 主要的；重要的；主修的There may be some minor changes to the schedule. 时间安排也许会有些小小的变动。She is known in Italy for a number
27、of minor roles in films. 她因担任电影中一些配角而闻名意大利。Every day of our lives we encounter major and minor stresses of one kind or another. 生活中的每一天，我们会遇到或大或小的这样那样的压力。9. come about 发生 (3)【原句背诵】We rely on news to learn about what is happening in the world around us. However, we usually find that reports on the sa
28、me events contain different or even contradictory information. How do these differences come about?【拓展】come across v. 偶遇；无意中发现；讲得清楚明白；口给人印象come back 回来；记起；恢复原状，重新流行come down 下来，降落；流传下来；倒塌；落泊，失势come on v. 快点；开始；要求；上演；跟着来；突然产生come out 出现；出版；结果是come out of v. 由.产生；从.出来come up 走近；发生；开始；上升；发芽；被提出come up
29、with 提出；想出；赶上How did this unhappy state of affairs come about? 这种不幸的情况是怎么发生的呢？The peace agreement came about through intense pressure by the international community. 该和平协议是在国际社会的强大压力下产生的。The expected boost in business promotion has not come about. 人们所期待的商业促销并未实现。The professor spoke for a long time b
30、ut his meaning didnt really come across. 教授讲了很久，但并没有人真正理解他的意思。When is her new novel coming out? 她的新小说何时出版？She came up with a new idea for increasing sales. 她想出了增加销售量的一个新招儿。10. journalist /dnlst/ n. 新闻记者，新闻工作者 (3)11. priority /prarti/ n. 优先事项，首要事情；优先权，重点 (3)【原句背诵】It is advisable to remember that jour
31、nalists may have different priorities, which would influence how they report an event.【拓展】journal n. 日报，杂志；日记；分类账journalism n. 新闻业，新闻工作；报章杂志prior adj.（时间、顺序等）先前的；优先的prior to在前面的prioritize v. 按优先顺序列出，确定 (任务) 优先顺序；优先处理，优先考虑There is no doubt that she has the makings of a successful journalist. 毫无疑问，她具备
32、成为一名成功记者的素质。Education is a top priority. 教育是当务之急。Our first priority is to improve standards. 我们的头等大事是提高水平。The search for a new vaccine for COVID-19 viruses will take priority over all other medical research. 在所有医学研究中，新冠病毒疫苗的研究将占据首位。12. instance /nstns/ n. 例子，事例 (3)for instance 例如，比如 (3)13. differ /d
33、f(r)/ vi. 相异；意见相左 (3)【原句背诵】For instance, the numbers of deaths differ in the two news reports on the Henderson Tower fire.【拓展】in the first instance 第一；首先differ from和不同differ in 不同在；在方面存在不同differ (with sb) (about/on/over sth) 意见相左；持不同看法；不同意be different from和不同difference n. 差异；差别；不同The report highligh
34、ts a number of instances of injustice. 这篇报道重点列举了一些不公正的实例。For instance, some people believe that wearing glasses too soon weakens the eyes. 例如，有些人认为戴眼镜也会慢慢使视力变差。In the first instance, notify（通知）the police and then contact your insurance company. 首先是报警，然后与保险公司联系。Ideas on childcare may differ considera
35、bly between the parents. 在抚育儿童方面父母的观点可能迥然不同。Medical opinion differs as to how to treat the disease. 如何治疗这种疾病，医学界有不同的看法。14. conclusion /knklun/ n. 结论，推论；结束，结果；签订，达成 (3)15. false /fls/ adj.错误的，不真实的；非天生的；假的，伪造的；不真诚的 (3)【原句背诵】When we come across such factual differences, we should not rush to the conclu
36、sion that one of the news reports gives false information.【拓展】reach/arrive at/come to a/the conclusion 得出结论；达成协议draw a/the conclusion 得出结论；推断bring to a conclusion vt. 结束（使终止）；谈定（买卖等）jump/leap to (the) conclusion (that) 匆忙下结论；贸然断定rush to a conclusion 匆忙下结论in conclusion in conclusion 总之；最后conclude vt.
37、 推断；决定，作结论；结束vi. 推断；断定；决定a false argument/assumption/belief 错误的论据假设信念to give a false impression of wealth 给人以富有的假象At the conclusion of the programme, I asked the children if they had any questions they wanted to ask me. 节目结束时我问孩子们是否有要问我的问题。It took the jury（陪审团）some time to reach the conclusion that
38、the charged was guilty. 陪审团花了很长时间才得出结论认为被告人有罪。In conclusion, walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable, and readily available form of exercise. 综上所述，散步是一种廉价、安全、有趣而又随时可以开展的运动形式。He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan. 他从他们的话语中推断出他们不赞同此项计划。Predictions of an early improvement
39、 in the housing market proved false. 认为房屋市场很快就有好转的预测结果证明是错误的。 She gave false information to the insurance company. 她向保险公司提供了虚假的资料。16. bring sth to light 揭露，披露 (3)【原句背诵】News reports written at different stages of an event could contain different information as new facts are brought to light.【拓展】bring
40、 about 引起；航使掉头bring forward 提出；提前；结转bring up 提出；教育；养育；呕出；航（船等）停下bring in 引进；生产；增加bring out 出版，生产；使显示；说出bring back 拿回来；使恢复；使回忆起来bring down 降低；打倒，打死；击落bring into effect 实施；实行；使生效bring an end to vt. 结束，使完结【误区】come to light常作用不及物动词词组。These facts have only just been brought to light. 这些事实刚刚才被披露出来。The aim
41、 of grammatical research is to bring to light the inner connection between the form and the content of the expression. 语法研究的目的在于揭示语言的表达形式与表现内容的之间内在联系。The politician wants to bring to light important issues that affect the community. 政客想要将那些影响社区的重要问题揭露出来。New facts about ancient Egypt have recently co
42、me to light. 关于古代埃及的新事实最近被发现。17. minimum /mnmm/ n. 最小值，最少量adj. 最低的，最小的 (3)18. maximum /mksmm/ n. 最大量，最大限度 adj. 最高的，最多的 (3)【原句背诵】Suppose emergency services estimates of the number of deaths vary between 5 and 9. Journalists may choose to present the minimum, the maximum or something in between in the
43、ir news reports.【拓展】a minimum charge/price 最低收费价格the minimum age for retirement 退休的最低年龄the maximum speed/temperature/volume 最快速度；最高气温；最大音量minimize vt. 使减到最少；小看，极度轻视 vi. 最小化maximize v. （使）增加到最大限度；充分利用；找到的最高值；最大化The work was done with the minimum amount of effort. 做这项工作没费什么劲。 Youre talking over a thou
44、sand dollars minimum for one course. 你们在讨论一门课程至少一千美元。Temperatures will fall to a minimum of 10 degrees. 气温会降到最低点10度。Under planning law the maximum height for a fence is 6 feet. 根据规定，栅栏的最高高度为6英尺。I need the maximum amount of information you can give me. 我需要你所能给我的最大的信息量。The job will require you to use
45、all your skills to the maximum. 这项工作要求你最大限度地发挥你的技能。19. committed /kmtd/ adj. 尽心尽力的；承诺过的 (3)【参考词条36】be committed to 致力于；承诺过 (3)【原句背诵】Though journalists are committed to presentingthe truth, it is better to use our own judgement than rely entirely on news reports.【拓展】a committed member of the team 忠于职
46、守的队员commit vt. 犯罪；把交托给；指派作战；使承担义务；vi. 忠于（某个人、机构等）；承诺commit sb/oneself (to sth/to doing sth) 承诺，保证（做某事、遵守协议或遵从安排等）commitment /kmtmnt/ n. 献身，投入；承诺，许诺；花费【误区】在be committed to和committo中，to是介词，其后要接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。They are committed socialists. 他们是坚定的社会主义者。The government is committed to reforming health care. 政府承诺要改革卫生保健制度。I would advise people to think very carefully about committing themselves to working Sundays. 我会建议人们认真考虑答应周日工作。20. discrimination /dskrmnen/ n. 辨别力，识别力；歧视，区别对待 (3)【原句背诵】W