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1、第 1 页 共 8 页 第第第第第课时课时课时课时课时3Grammar重点重点重点重点重点词汇词汇词汇词汇词汇 1.n.夫妇，一对 2.*n.指纹，手印 3.adv 大概，或许 4.*adj.犯罪的，犯法的 5.*adj 女（性）的；雌性的 6.n.老板，上司 7.*vt.犯（罪）8.原来是，结果是 9.与无关 10.n.急忙，匆忙 11.急忙，赶快重点重点重点重点重点词组词组词组词组词组1./与有关 无关2.是第一个用英文写侦探故事的人3.一个破案高手4.急着赶公共汽车5.卡通剧里出现的一个侦探6.受全世界青少年的欢迎7.是一个被认为是犯罪小说女王的女性作家8.沾满了血9.需要会帮助破案的信
2、息10.在某方面取得进步11.做了一些不为法律所允许的事情。重点重点重点重点重点句型句型句型句型句型1.可能不止一个人跟这个凶杀案有关。There was probably more than one person who.2.警察正在检查现场寻找指纹和其他线索 The policefingerprints and other clues that may help solve thecase3.需要读者检查每一个小细节来寻找犯罪案件可能的我索 Require readers to check目标导航第 2 页 共 8 页【语法】A.什么叫什么叫什么叫什么叫什么叫定语？定语？定语？定语？定语？
3、定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。1.a beautiful girl(beautiful 是前置定语，放在名词前）2.the film directed by Zhang Yimou(directed by Zhang Yimou 是过去分词短语作后置定语）3.the book on the desk(on the desk 是介词短语作后置定语，放在名词后）4.the boy standing under the tree(standing under the tree 是现在分词短语作后置定语）5.apple trees(apple 是名词作前
4、置定语）6.his book(his 是形容词性物主代词作前置定语）7.three apples(three 是现数词作前置定语）8.I have much homework to do.(to do 是动词不定式作后置定语）下面以分词、介词短语为例：The girl behind the tree is Kate.（醉汉）The man driving too fast is a drunk.提醒：提醒：提醒：提醒：提醒：大多数大多数大多数大多数大多数后置定后置定后置定后置定后置定语可以改语可以改语可以改语可以改语可以改为定为定为定为定为定语从句。语从句。语从句。语从句。语从句。【语法】B.
5、限制性限制性限制性限制性限制性定语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句（Defining relative clauses)相关概念相关概念相关概念相关概念相关概念定语从句的有关概念：。（定语从句要用陈在在在在在复复复复复合句合句合句合句合句中中中中中，修，修，修，修，修饰某饰某饰某饰某饰某一名一名一名一名一名词词词词词或代或代或代或代或代词词词词词的的的的的从句从句从句从句从句叫做叫做叫做叫做叫做定语定语定语定语定语从从从从从句句句句句述句语序）如：关系代词如果在定语从句中做主语，要注意从句中1)Thewho/that lives next to us is a policeman.(man
6、的谓语动单复数要与先行词一致)2)You must dothat I do.everything 在上面在上面在上面在上面在上面两句中两句中两句中两句中两句中的的的的的和和和和和是定语是定语是定语是定语是定语从句所修从句所修从句所修从句所修从句所修饰的饰的饰的饰的饰的词，词，词，词，词，叫先行叫先行叫先行叫先行叫先行词词词词词maneverything。定语从句放在先行词后面。引导定引导定引导定引导定引导定语从语从语从语从语从句的句的句的句的句的关系关系关系关系关系词有词有词有词有词有关系代关系代关系代关系代关系代词词词词词：宾格所有格和关系副词that,which,who(whom,whos
7、e)where,4.他衬衫上的血是杀鸡鸭弄上去的 The blood on his shirthens and ducks5.可能不止一个人与这次谋杀有关 There was probably more than one person who.知识点睛第 3 页 共 8 页 when.关系词（关系代词或关系副词）放在先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。也就是说关系词有三个作用：1.2.引导定语从句。代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。3.连接主句和从句。例：The girl(is Kate.who is behind the tree)The man()
8、is a drunk.who is driving too fast【语法】C.有关系代有关系代有关系代有关系代有关系代词引词引词引词引词引导的定语导的定语导的定语导的定语导的定语从句。从句。从句。从句。从句。关系代词例句 That 在从句中作主语或宾语 作宾语时(that)可省略指物 1.A plane is a machinecan fly.()that作主语 2.The noodlesI cooked were delicious.()（that）作宾语指人 1.Who is the manis reading the book over there?()that作主语 2.The gi
9、rlwe saw yesterday was Jims sister.()(that)作宾语 Which 在从句中作主语或宾语 作宾语(时可省略)指物 1.The silkis produced in Hangzhou sells well.()which作主语 2.The songsLiu Dehua sang were very popular.()（which）作宾语 Who,whom 在从句中分别作主语和宾语（如果介词放在 从句后面，则 whom可以省略）指人 1.The manvisited our class yesterday is from Canada.()who作主语 2.
10、The boybroke the window is called Roy.()who作主语 3.The person toyou just talked is Mr Li.()whom作宾语 4.Mrs White is the person toyou should write.()whom作宾语 Whose 在从句中作定语 指物时相当于,of which指人或物的所有格 1.I like the girlhair is long.()whose作定语 2.I live in the house the windowsare closed.of which =I live in the h
11、ouse whose windows are closed.（从表（从表（从表（从表（从表中可以中可以中可以中可以中可以看出：看出：看出：看出：看出：用用用用用更有更有更有更有更有通用性）通用性）通用性）通用性）通用性）that 但是：但是：但是：但是：但是：）在非）在非）在非）在非）在非限制性定限制性定限制性定限制性定限制性定语从语从语从语从语从句中不能句中不能句中不能句中不能句中不能用用用用用1that 2)that在在在在在介词后面介词后面介词后面介词后面介词后面不能不能不能不能不能用用用用用 3those,somebodythat）先）先）先）先）先行词是代行词是代行词是代行词是代行词
12、是代人的人的人的人的人的不定代词不定代词不定代词不定代词不定代词如如如如如时不时不时不时不时不能用能用能用能用能用【语法】D.有关系有关系有关系有关系有关系副词引副词引副词引副词引副词引导的定导的定导的定导的定导的定语从句：语从句：语从句：语从句：语从句：(只作只作只作只作只作了解了解了解了解了解)1.country,school,room先行词是表示地点的名词时（），而关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当地点第 4 页 共 8 页 状语，一般用引导定语从句。也可以用介词的结构。值得注意的是前介词的选择是根wherewhichwhich据先行词与介词的搭配关系而定。The room where(=
13、in which)he used to live has now been turned into a museum.The desk where(=on which)I put my bag is his.This is the school where(=in which)I joined the Party.2.year,month,day,night先行词是表示时间的名词（），而关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当时间 状语，一般用引导定语从句。也可以用介词的结构。值得注意的是前介词的选择是根whenwhichwhich据先行词与介词的搭配关系而定。The daywas Aug.20,19
14、52when=on which)he was born（The yearwas 1982.when(=in which)he died 比较：）1This is the school.which I visited last year 2)This is the school in which(where)I stayed last year.3.the reason,先行词如果表示原因，则定语从句用来引导。why=for which This is the reason.why I was late for school【语法】E.定语从定语从定语从定语从定语从句分类句分类句分类句分类句分类
15、(只只只只只作了作了作了作了作了解解解解解)定语从句分为：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句（又称描述性定语从句）。1、限制性定语从句与先行词关系密确，对它有限制作用，因此不可缺少，否则会影响全句的意思，限制性定语从句前面一般不用逗号。例 What is the name of the boy?who brought us the letter2、非限制性定语从句只与先行词有一种松散的修饰关系，在口语中用停顿的方法表示，在书面语中用 逗号分开，因此从句中的关系代词不能省略。一般用等来引导非限制性定语从句，而不which,who,where 用来引导非限制性定语从句。that 例I like to
16、 talk with John,.who is a clever man 例Water,has many uses.which is a clear liquid()液体液体液体液体液体，【语法】F.关于关于关于关于关于 that;which 用用用用用法请注意法请注意法请注意法请注意法请注意(只只只只只作了解作了解作了解作了解作了解)先行词（物）之前有 all,every,any,no,little,much,few all,everything,等词修饰时，或者其本身为 something,nothing,anything,none；the one；much,few,any,little
17、等不定代词，定语从句用引导，不能用that which(who/whom,thatwhich)。如果先行词是指人的不定代词，则关系代词用不用和 Is there anything that you want to explain?Everyone who heard her sad story was moved to tears.第 5 页 共 8 页 先行词（物）前有形容词最高级、序数词或 only,very,the first,the last,the same“”表示 惟一 观念的形 容词等修饰时，定语从句用引导 不能用that,which.This is the only reaso
18、n that I can say.This is the first step that can be taken.It is the best one that you may choose.当主句中有时，而定语从句中也要用到或时，为了避免who,whichwhowhichwhowho,whichwhichthat等重叠，定语从句用引导。Who is the man that is standing by the door?Which of the two cows that you keep produces more milk?先行词为人和物作并列成分时，定语从句用引导。that Joh
19、n and his dog that were here a moment ago disappear now.不论人或物在定语从句中作表语时，用引导定语从句，而通常省掉。thatthat He is no longer the man that he was.先行词是一个短语或者是一个句子时，关系代词用大多数情况是非限制性定语从句which()He missed the train,which annoyed(.)him very much.使恼火【语法】G.宾语从句、宾语从句、宾语从句、宾语从句、宾语从句、主语主语主语主语主语从句与定从句与定从句与定从句与定从句与定语从句语从句语从句语从句
20、语从句区分。区分。区分。区分。区分。定语从句中常用到等关系代词作主语或宾语；而在宾语从句或者主语、表语等从that/which/who/whom 句中（特殊疑问句作宾语从句或主语从句时），常用到等疑问代词作主语或宾语。what/whom 如：1)We believe.(thatwhat)what she said宾从，不能用来换 We believe.()anything/the words that/which she said定从 2)I dont know.()the girl whom/that I met yesterday 定从 3)I dont know.(that)whom t
21、he girl likes宾从，不能用 4)surprised me.(that)What he said主从，不能用 1.What kind of books do you prefer?I prefer the ones _ me something to think about.A.which giveB.that givesC.who givesD.what give 2.Yuan Longping is a Chinese rice scientist _ is leading the research to develop“sea rice”.A.whoB.whichC.whomD
22、.what第 6 页 共 8 页 3.I have read books _ were written by Charles Dickens.So do I.David Copperfield is my favorite.A.howB.whoC.whatD.that 4.Did you have a good time with your old classmates last night?Yes,of course.We talked a lot about the things and the people _ are still clear in our minds.A.whoB.wh
23、ichC./D.that分层练习一、单项选择 1.“Underground”is the only word in the English language _ begins and ends with the letters“und”.A.whatB.thatC.whoD.whom 2.Everyone has his aim in life.However,you cant get fat on one mouthful.Start with the easiest thing _ you can control.A.whoB.thatC.which 3.People _ overweig
24、ht need more water than thin people.A.who isB.which areC.that isD.who are 4.The shop _ sells flowers is at the end of the street.A.whoB.whereC.which 5.Which is your new neighbor,Liu Hua?The man _ T-shirt is red.A.thatB.whoC.whichD.whose 二、用关系代词，或填空thatwhichwho 1.This is the film _ Bruce Lee starred
25、in.2.Do you know the scientist _ invented the machine?3.The village _ we used to live in is very far from here.4.The woman _ is watering flowers is my aunt.5.Where is the book _ I borrowed from the library yesterday?第 7 页 共 8 页 6.The watch _ I lost yesterday is made in Japan.7.The village _ I was bo
26、rn in was called Gum Tree.8.I visited the person _ invented the important machine.9.This is the most interesting film _ I have ever seen.10.Armstrong was the first person _ walked on the moon.三、将括号中的词连成适当的定语从句 1.Do you know the man _?(came,see,who,to,yesterday,me)2.He is a good doctor _.(illness,who
27、,cured,her)3.The girl _ is my cousin.(who,to,I,spoke)4.The pen _ is very nice.(gave,you,me,that)5.This is the place _.(again,I,which,want,visit,to)一、完一、完一、完一、完一、完型填空型填空型填空型填空型填空 Sherlock Holmes（夏洛克福尔摩斯）is a fictional1created by Arthur Conan Doyle.Holmes is good at observation and logical reasoning（观
28、察和推理），and this helps him solve many2.Holmes first appeared in 1887 in the book called A Study in Scarlet，and became popular3a series of short stories.Conan Doyle altogether wrote four novels and 56 short4on Holmes.Most of the stories are told by Dr.Watson,a friend5shares the flat at 221B Baker Stree
29、t，London with Holmes，and often helps Holmes when he is searching for clues.6Holmes may not be the first fictional detective，he is probably the most famous one in history.Holmes is7that many people believe he is not a fictional detective but a real person.He is widely8 a British cultural icon.Sherloc
30、k Holmes stories have had a great9on detective story writing and popular culture,and his stories have been made into many10,films and plays for more than a hundred years.1.A.writerB.detectiveC.doctorD.character 2.A.questionsB.problemsC.mysteryD.cases 3.A.amongB.thoughC.throughD.with 4.A.playsB.films
31、C.storiesD.poems第 8 页 共 8 页 5.A.whichB.whoC.whomD.he 6.A.AsB.WhileC.BecauseD.Although 7.A.such popular manB.such popularC.so popularD.so a popular man 8.A.known forB.known asC.famous forD.knew as 9.A.successB.progressC.influenceD.value 10.A.advertisementsB.moviesC.drama seriesD.news二首字母填空 Tina was w
32、atching news when her father came back home from w_1_.Father asked her if there had b_2_ something important today.Tina said that another murder had been solved by their top detective.Detective Lu.The c_3_ took place between 8:00 p.m.and 10.:p.m that night before.A young couple wanted to get downsta
33、irs but found a man lying in the doorway of the lift.They have got quite s_4_.They called the police at once.At the scene,Detective Lu found a g_5_ and a knife.H e wasnt sure whether the victim was m_6_by the gun or the knife.He took them back to check for f_ _7_.The top detective asked the couple i
34、f they had s een something.But they said they hadnt seen or h_8_anything because they were having a party then.Detective Lu asked the same question to the cook.However,the cook said he had never seen the victim before.After two-days checking Detective Lu found that the cook had told a lie.F_9_,the cook was under a _10_for murder.