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1、Unit 2 Sports culture2.3 Extended reading & Project一、基础巩固I单词拼写1. Were playing against the l_ (联赛) champion next week.2. 1 cant stand people who are c_ (残酷的) to animals.3. 1 wasnt familiar with the_(习语,成语), so I had to guess what he meant.4. The similarities between the two have often been r_(说起，评论)
2、on. 5. The c_(地方议会) is expected to adopt the new policy at its next meeting.6. If the ball touches the_( 球网) during a serve in a game of tennis, you have to serve again.7. After hours of talking about the price, the shopkeeper at last closed a deal with the_(售货员)8. If you say that someone can_(处理,应付
3、) a problem or situation, you mean that he or she has the ability to deal with it successfully.9. A recent situation made me realize that breaking promises might_(无意地)hurt others feelings. 10. Dont_ (抱怨). If you dont like something，change it; if you cant change it, change your attitude.【答案】1.league
4、2.cruel 3. idiom 4.remarked 5.council 7.salesman 8.handle.9.unintentionally 10. complain II. 选词填空make no remark; complain about; find ones way into; move the goalposts; score an own goal; make a mistake; below the belt; stay up late; throw in the towel; in the ballpark1. People how children spend so
5、 much time on computer games and call on the school to take some useful steps.2. I had to to do my homework because I left it until the last minute again.3. Now, the salary isnt as high as I hoped, but I accept it because its at least. 4. We were never able to regain our lead after Thomas late in th
6、e second half.5. In addition,large amounts of untreated industrial waste liquids rivers and lakes. 6. Were never going to get the book design finished in time if the publisher keeps every couple of months like this!7. This means that when they dont know a word, they are going to .8. Ive been working
7、 on this book for over a year, and Im getting nowhere with it. I think Im ready to .9. Some parents are too strict with their children,giving them no free time to relax,which is.10. The scientist remarked he had found a remarkable way, but others _ about it.【答案】plain about2.stay up late3.in the ball
8、park4.scored an own goal5.find their way into6.moving the goalposts 7.make a mistake8.throw in the towel9.below the belt 10.made no remarkIII. 课文语法填空As is known to us all,sport is a big part 1 global culture, and there are lots of sports idioms that have found their way into everyday language.The En
9、glish language is full of idioms 2 are thought to have come from football.“Moves the goalposts” means someone 3(unfair) changes the rules or requirements of a process. “Scoring an own goal” in football means accidentally 4(kick) the ball into ones own net. Therefore,the idiom means making a bad mist
10、ake which unintentionally 5(harm) their own interests.Baseball has also given the English language many different idioms.When we talk about rough estimates, we can use 6(express) like “in the ballpark” or “a ballpark estimate”.“Throwing someone a curveball” is used 7(describe) things that are unexpe
11、cted and difficult to respond to. “Three strikes and you are out” is often used to talk about situations where you miss three chances.English also has a large number of idioms 8(relate) to boxing. If someone makes 9 unfair and cruel remark, we can describe it as “below the belt”.“Throwing in the tow
12、el”means admitting defeat 10 giving up.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.【答案】1.of考查介词。该处表示“体育运动是世界文化的一部分”,故用介词of。2.which/that考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知,空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词idioms,引导词在从句中作主语,故用which或者that引导该定语从句。3.unfairly考查副词。空处修饰动词changes,副词修饰动词,故用副词形式。4.kicking考查动名词。mean表示“意味着”,后接doing sth.,故用kicking。5.harms考查时态和主谓一致。结
13、合主句中的谓语means可知,该句陈述的是一般事实,故用一般现在时;该句中先行词为a bad mistake,which引导定语从句,在从句中作主语,故谓语动词用harms。6.expressions考查名词复数。设空处作use的宾语,空前无冠词,结合空后like引出的例子可知,空处表示复数概念,故用名词复数形式。7.to describe考查动词不定式。be used to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“被用来做某事”。8.related考查过去分词。此处为过去分词短语作后置定语修饰名词idioms;be related to为固定搭配,意为“和有联系”。故填related。9.an考查冠
14、词。make a remark为固定搭配,意为“做出评论”,故用不定冠词;unfair为以元音音素开头的单词,故用不定冠词an。10.and考查连词。admitting defeat 意为“认输”, giving up意为“放弃”,二者为并列关系,故用and连接。二、拓展提升I.阅读理解Worlds loneliest marathonMany of us know about Russias Lake Baikal from our textbooks, or by listening to Chinese singer Li Jians hit song, Lake Baikal. But
15、 over the past decade, the worlds deepest freshwater lake has been in the spotlight for an extreme sport.Each March since 2005, about 150 people from around the world sign up for the Baikal Ice Marathon. They come to explore the lakes breathtaking beauty and challenge themselves in unpredictable con
16、ditions.The 26-mile (41.84-kilometer) journey starts on the lakes eastern shore. In March, the ice is a meter thick and iron-hard. Runners cross this frozen surface, finishing on the western side of the lake.Known as the “blue eye of Siberia”, Lake Baikal has exceptionally clear waters. This means i
17、ts ice is almost perfectly transparent. “Seen from above, a runner on the ice looks as if he or she were jogging through space,” The New York Times noted.The landscape might be beautiful, but its also harsh. Strong winds blast across the lake and frostbite(冻伤) can occur within half an hour. Runners
18、say the cold climate is what draws them. They want to test their limits.“When you are in such an environment, you dont have cars around you, and you dont have the noise around. I think these extreme races allow you to be alone with nature,” Alicja Barahona, a 64-year-old runner from the US, told ABC
19、 News.The location offers some strange and unique characteristics for this marathon. The finish line is visible from the start, but the endless white offers no progress markers. The race also ends with little fanfare(喧闹). Tourists crowding the ice are mostly addicted to snapping themselves and just
20、ignore the runners.For some runners, the absence of spectators(观众)makes the race more challenging, because its lonely. They must fight with themselves. “You are alone on Baikal. It is your race. You are alone with yourself. All you need to do is defeat yourself,” Veronique Messina, a French runner,
21、told The Telegraph.1.What can we know about the Baikal Ice Marathon from the text?A.It takes runners from the northern end to the southern end of the lake.B.It involves extreme weather and beautiful scenery.C.It attracts more and more participants each year.D.It is about 26 kilometers in length.2.In
22、 Paragraph 5, the underlined word “harsh” probably means. A.interestingB.mysteriousC.severeD.safe3.How does the Baikal Ice Marathon differ from other marathons?A.Only men are allowed to run in this race.B.The runners can see the finish line from the start.C.The runners are often distracted by touris
23、ts.D.There are many progress markers on the ice.4.What is the most challenging part of the race for some runners?A.Loneliness.B.The long distance.C.The cold climate.D.Noisy surroundings.本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上最孤独的马拉松贝加尔湖冰上马拉松。自2005年以来,每年3月,来自世界各地的人报名参加贝加尔湖冰上马拉松。他们来这里探索湖泊的美丽,并在不可预知的条件下挑战自己,测试自己的极限。1.B细节理
24、解题。根据文章第二段可知,自2005年以来,每年三月都会有来自世界各地的大约150人报名参加贝加尔湖冰上马拉松。他们来探索湖泊的惊人之美,在不可预知的条件下挑战自己。由此可知贝加尔湖冰上马拉松包括极端的天气和美丽的风景,故选B,排除C。根据文章第三段可知,冰上马拉松全程26英里即41.84公里,始于湖的东岸,终点在湖的西侧可知,排除A、D选项。2.C词义猜测题。根据下文Strong winds blast across the lake and frostbite can occur within half an hour.可知,强风吹过湖面,半小时内人就会冻伤,由此可推断上文的意思是景色或许
25、很美,但天气也是恶劣的,severe意为“极为恶劣的”,故选C。3.B细节理解题。根据文章第七段前两句The location offers some strange and unique characteristics for this marathon. The finish line is visible from the start, but the endless white offers no progress markers.可知,比赛地点的设置使贝加尔湖冰上马拉松比赛具备了与众不同的特点。参赛者从起点就可以看到终点线,故选B。A项“只有男性被允许参加这项赛跑”文中未提到;C项“
26、赛跑运动员的注意力经常被游客分散”,根据倒数第二段最后一句可知,游客大多都沉迷于自拍,忽视了运动员,故排除C项;D项“冰上有许多进程标记”,根据倒数第二段第二句可知,无止境的冰面上没有进程标记,故排除D项。4.A细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,对于一些赛跑者来说,缺少观众使得比赛更具挑战性,因为比赛过程让参赛者感觉很孤单。因此对一些赛跑者来说,孤单是比赛最具挑战性的那部分。故选A。II.七选五 Do you often go out for shopping? How to avoid germs when shopping in the grocery store? _1_.Firstly,
27、go to the grocery store bright and early when theyre just opening. This might be your best option. By avoiding large groups of people, _2_, as the virus is mainly spread through close contact with other people.One of the easiest ways to spread the virus is by touching a contaminated surface and then
28、 touching your face, eyes, nose, or mouth. _3_. This is a lot harder than it sounds, because people touch their faces more than 20 times in a single hour. While a mask can help prevent you from touching your mouth and nose, it is strongly recommended to wear one._4_. This may be as simple as avoidin
29、g a crowded aisle and circling back a few minutes later. Since other shoppers might not be as mindful as you are about maintaining social distance, be polite in your request that they keep their distance with a polite “excuse me.”Just as youre being thoughtful about your own health, be thoughtful ab
30、out the health of others, suggests Dr. Larkin. “_5_, see if you can shop for them or teach them to use an online and delivery option,” she says. “Be patient and kind with one another, especially the workers keeping the stores open and functioningand of course, if you are ill, please stay home and do
31、nt expose others.”A. you decrease your risk of becoming infectedB. If you have an elderly neighbor who needs helpC. you had better stay at home instead of going outD. As a result, avoid touching your face while shoppingE. As a result, you should wear a mask when you go shoppingF. Moreover, try to ma
32、intain a safe, six-foot distance from other shoppersG. Before you head out to one, you need some guidelines to ensure your safety【答案】1. G 2. A 3. D 4. F 5. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了出去购物时避免感染病毒的几个建议。【1题详解】空前提出问题“在杂货店购物时如何避免细菌呢？”，下文是具体的方法，所以G项“在你出去进一个杂货店之前，你需要一些指导来确保你的安全”承上启下，符合语境，故选G项。【2题详解】空后as引导一个原因状语从句
33、，“因为病毒主要通过近距离接触别人传染”，结合空前“通过避免接触人群”可知，A项“你就能减少感染的风险”切题，故选A项。【3题详解】空前提到“病毒传播最容易的一种方法就是通过接触被污染的表面，然后摸你的脸，眼睛，鼻子或者嘴巴”，所以要避免感染就不要在购物时摸脸，D项符合语境，D项中“ touching your face”与上下文呼应，且空后的This指代D项内容，故选D项。【4题详解】空处位于句首，是段落主题句，根据本段最后一句“因为别人可能不会像你一样保持社交距离，用不好意思礼貌地要求他们保持距离”可知，本段主要讲要保持距离，F项“此外，尽量与别的购物者保持安全的六英尺距离”切题，故选F项
34、。【5题详解】空前一句提到在关心自己健康的同时，还要关心别人的健康，结合空后“看看你是否能帮他们购物，或者教他们使用网上配送选择”可推知，B项“如果你有年迈的邻居需要帮助”切题，故选B项。III.语法填空The FIFA World Cup attracts worldwide attention. But have you ever considered how watching the World Cup might affect 1(you) health?Watching sports might have some positive consequences. 2(support)
35、a team can give people a sense of community and boost fans self-esteem when their team wins. Jason Lanter is a psychology professor at Kutztown University who studies the 3(behave) of sports fans. Lanter says people feel like they fit in. They know there 4(be) good psychological and health benefits
36、simply from being part of a group.On the other hand, however, when watching 5 intense match like the World Cup, peoples pulse can 6(easy) spike(激增), which could cause heart attacks, especially when their teams lose. On the day in 1998 when Argentina defeated England in the World Cup, 55 more people
37、7(admit) to hospitals due to heart attacks, 8(compare) to an average day in England. British research revealed that apart 9 heart attacks, the excitement, disappointment and flow of adrenalin from watching a national team play might also cause more domestic violence.John Ryan, a cardiologist at the
38、University of Utah advised people to stay hydrated, stay cool and eat and drink alcohol in moderation. He said those pieces of advice 10 we found useful for life in general were also useful while we were watching sports games. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.本文是一篇说明文。众所周知,每届世界杯都会吸引全世界的目光,本文介绍了看世界杯对健康的影
39、响。1.your考查形容词性物主代词。句意:但是你曾考虑过看世界杯可能对你的健康有怎样的影响吗? 结合句意可知,这里应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词health,故填your。2.Supporting考查非谓语动词。句意:支持一支球队可以给人们一种集体感,当他们的球队获胜时,可以增强球迷的自尊心。2(support) a team是主语,应使用动名词形式,故填Supporting。3.behavior/behaviour考查名词。句意:Jason Lanter是库茨敦大学研究体育迷行为的心理学教授。设空处作studies的宾语,且空前有定冠词the,应该填名词,泛指“行为”时常用作不可数名词,故填
40、behavior或behaviour。4.are考查时态和主谓一致。句意:他们知道仅仅是作为群体中的一员就有良好的心理和健康益处。根据上文可知,该句是客观介绍,应该用一般现在时。且there be句型中,be动词的数和后面的名词一致。空后是名词复数benefits,故该空应填are。5.an考查冠词。句意:然而,另一方面,当人们观看像世界杯这样激烈的比赛时,很容易脉搏加速,这可能会导致心脏病发作,尤其是当他们的球队输了的时候。match是可数名词,该处指“一场比赛”,前面应用不定冠词。intense以元音音素开头,故填an。6.easily考查副词。该空修饰动词spike,应用副词。故填eas
41、ily。7.were admitted考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:1998年阿根廷在世界杯上击败英格兰的那天,在英格兰,因心脏病发作而入院的人比平时多了55人。根据时间状语in 1998可知,该句应用一般过去时。主语55 more people和admit之间是被动关系,该句应用被动语态。且主语为复数意义,根据主谓一致原则,故填were admitted。pared考查非谓语动词。8(compare) to an average day in England是状语,compared to.为固定用法。故填compared。9.from考查介词。句意:英国的研究显示,观看国家队比赛时的兴奋、
42、失望和肾上腺素的分泌,除了会引发心脏病外,还可能导致更多的家庭暴力。短语apart from意为“除了之外(还)”。故填from。10.that/which考查定语从句。句意:他说,那些我们认为对生活有用的建议,通常在我们观看体育比赛时也有用。10 we found useful for life in general是定语从句,修饰those pieces of advice,引导词在从句中作found的宾语,指物,因此应用that或which引导从句。故填that或which。IV.读后续写阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。续写词数应为 150词左右。When m
43、y daughters reached the third and fourth grades, I occasionally allowed them to walk to and from school alone if the weather permitted. One warm spring day, a little dog followed them home after school. It had short legs and long lovely cars, with a fawn-colored coat. It was the cutest dog I had ove
44、r seen and the girls begged me to keep it.The dog was barely twelve weeks old. It had no collar or identifying marks of any sort, I didnt know what to do. I thought about running an advertisement in the lost-and-found but I really didnt want to. It would break the kids hearts if someone should show
45、up. Besides, its owners should have watched it more closely.By the end of the week the dog was part of our family. It was very intelligent and good with the girls. The following week something told me to check the lost-and-found section in the local paper. One particular advertisement jumped out at
46、me and my heart pounded with fear at what I read. Someone was begging for the return of a lost dog in the neighborhood of our grade school. They sounded desperate. My hand shook. I couldnt bring myself to pick up the phone.Instead, I pretended I hadnt seen the advertisement. I quickly put paper away
47、 in the drawer and continued with my dusting. I never said a word about it to the kids or my husband.By now we had named the dog. It looked like a Molly, so that was what we called it. It followed the girls everywhere they went. When they went outside, it was one step behind them. .When they did housework, it was there to lend a hand.There was only one problem with this otherwise perfect picture: my conscience was bothering me. I knew in my heart I had