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1、Unit 4 SHARING 单元测试题第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）略第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThe Horn Book MagazineThe Horn Book Magazineis one of the most famous resources in the field of childrens and young adult literature.Want to write for the Magazine?We are always on the
2、 lookout for good magazine articles and welcome your submissions (note: reviews are assigned in-house). Submissions must be original, unpublished works. Articles should be of a critical nature on some aspect of childrens literature and should be no longer than 2,000 words; contributors are advised t
3、o have a familiarity withThe Horn Book Magazine. Submissions may be sent by email tomagazine. They can also be mailed to: The Horn Book Magazine, 300 The Fenway, Palace Road Building, Suite P-311, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.Find us onlineCheck our website for special web-only features. Visit/ for l
4、inks to new reviews, articles, booklists, events, awards, and more.The Horn Books blog Read Roger reports on publishing news; our Out of the Box blog takes a look at what comes into the Horn Book offices, covering books not reviewed in our publications. At Calling Caldecott, you will find conversati
5、on centered on the Caldecott Medal. Lollys Classroom features teachers talking about using trade books in the classroom.Blowing our own hornTo subscribe to the Horn Books publications, visitYou can also reach us by phone at 1-877-523-6072 (U.S.) or 760-317-2335 (outside the U.S.); by email athbmsubs
6、. Back issues are available for sale, but supplies are limited. To order back issues, write to The Horn Book, Inc., 7858 Industrial Parkway, Plain City, Ohio 43064. Call 866-270-9072.21. What do we know about readers submissions?A. They can be a book review.B. They can be a published article.C. They
7、 should be longer than 2,000 words.D. They should focus on childrens literature.22. Which blog offers publishing news?A. Read Roger.B. Out of the Box.C. Calling Caldecott.D. Lollys Classroom.23. How can readers buy back issues?A. By calling 866-270-9072.B. By sending emails tomagazine.C. By visiting
8、for a payment link.D. By writing toThe Horn Book Magazines address in Boston.BMatilda is new to the Ripple Africa team. This year she, alongside volunteers, has started Disability groups that meet weekly. What started as one group has now grown to four groups. Every week new families find out about
9、the Disability groups and come with their children. One mum walks over two and a half hours from high up in the hills with her 10-year-old daughter Ruth, who has cerebral palsy (大脑性麻痹), on her back as she does not have a wheelchair.This family found out about the group from James who also has cerebr
10、al palsy and spends his time at one practicing schoolwork as he would like to learn English. The heart of these groups is to bring families together to allow them time to share and learn from each other.Each session (课) includes activities and games as well as physical therapy (治疗). Last week I watc
11、hed in amazement as the mother of Mphaso, a young girl with cerebral palsy who has learned to walk, came alongside seven-year-old Steven who does not walk, picked him up and started showing Stevens mum how to safely stand him up and support him while encouraging him to take steps. She then got Steve
12、ns mum doing it and was helping her, while teaching things like head positioning and feet placement.As a nurse at these groups Ive been able to talk to families about health concerns they have for their children and help and support them with managing wounds and pressure areas. With the help of the
13、womens sewing group we have been able to make supportive belts for maintaining one boys position in his wheelchair, and cushions for preventing pressure areas.Some children attending the Disability groups had been unable to go to school for different reasons; one had stopped going to school because
14、of seizures (疾病发作). And now through the work of Matilda some are back at school. We have also been able to advocate for the families with local health clinics to see childrens seizure medications reviewed and children referred to other clinics for treatment. These groups have been incredibly rewardi
15、ng as changes and development in some children have been significant.24. What does the story of Ruth and James show?A. The members like to study together.B. The Disability groups are building up.C. The Disability groups are giving all sorts of help.D. The members come from extremely poor families.25
16、. What did Mphasos mother do at the weekly meet?A. She worked as a volunteer.B. She learned from Stevens mum.C. She helped her girl make friends with others.D. She shared her knowledge of physical therapy.26. What role does the sewing group play?A. It offers the disabled children more comfort.B. It
17、teaches the disabled children about sewing.C. It gives the disabled children a lot of amusement.D. It encourages the disabled children to support each other.27. Whats the purpose of the last paragraph?A. To give the Disability groups some advice.B. To express support for the disabled children.C. To
18、stress the Disability groups achievements.D. To encourage families to join the Disability groups.COver the past 20 years, mandatory (强制的) community service policies have come to many U.S. high schools. Many states and districts have their own regulations. Some schools require students to complete 75
19、 to 100 hours of community service to graduate. Other school officials allow youth to receive course credits. But school districts struggle to find the best approach to bringing a real-world aspect to learning.Mandatory community service programs were implemented to help connect youth to others and
20、to teach them how to contribute to their community. However, the idea of mandatory community service has been the source of controversy (争议). Parents and students have filed lawsuits challenging the legality of mandatory service policies. Supporters of this view argue that mandating community servic
21、e will lead youth to believe that they should only help others when they receive an immediate benefit in return, and thus ultimately discourage volunteering later in life. But legal scholars have concluded that mandating community service is legally permissible.Does mandatory service undermine (削弱)
22、motivation to participate in voluntary service? Most research either has found that mandatory service is linked with heightened intention to engage in future volunteering or has not found links between mandatory service and intention to volunteer. The result may seem contradictory to other developme
23、ntal theory that stresses the importance of autonomy for personal motivation and healthy development. One possibility is that mandatory service may prevent intention to engage in future service if youth reflect on their experience and do not find any value in participation other than to finish the m
24、andate.Service experiences greatly vary, and the level of enjoyment or meaning youth get from their service may be tied to the type of activity they perform. Volunteer experiences that provide teenagers with an opportunity to grow, to make friends, to reflect on social problems, and to develop a sen
25、se of purpose provide them with greater benefits (including greater intention to volunteer in the future) compared to those without these opportunities. Thus, mandated service that involves organizational tasks (e.g., clearing floors, filing papers) and other types of activities that do not provide
26、youth with high-quality experiences, may not be serving their purpose. That is to say, the focus of parents, teachers, and school officials should be on how to organize high-quality service activities.28. What do we know about mandatory community service policies?A. They have a long history.B. Commu
27、nities require the policies.C. Schools practice them differently.D. Schools know the best way to adopt them.29. Why do some people disagree with providing mandatory community service?A. It may cause a misunderstanding of the value of volunteering.B. It may make students value money instead of servin
28、g.C. It may waste students learning time.D. It may be in a sense against the law.30. What can we learn from most research mentioned in paragraph 3?A. Motivation in mandatory service is a key factor.B. Developmental theory may be in favor of mandatory service.C. People may get different feelings from
29、 the same service experience.D. Little evidence shows mandatory service discourages future volunteering.31. Which of the following might the author agree with?A. Mandatory service discourages motivation.B. Required service can be both good and bad.C. The quality of service activities is important.D.
30、 Volunteering should be a must for graduation.DYoure walking along a busy city street. All around you are the sounds of subway trains, traffic, and music coming from storefronts. Suddenly, you realize one of the sounds youre hearing is someone speaking, and that you are listening in a different way
31、as you pay attention to what they are saying.Scientists have understood for some time that when we hear sounds of understandable language our brains react differently than they do when we hear non-speech sounds or people talking in languages we do not know. When we hear someone talking in a familiar
32、 language, our brain quickly pays attention, processes the speech sounds by turning them into words, and understands what is being said.In a new study, Maryland researchers mapped and analyzed participants neural (神经的) brain activity while listening to a single talker telling a story. The study show
33、ed that the brain quickly recognizes the phonetic (语音的) sounds and processes them into linguistic information in a highly specialized and automated way. The brain has to keep up with people speaking at a rate of about three words a second. It achieves this, in part, by distinguishing speech from oth
34、er kinds of sounds in about a tenth of a second after the sound enters the ears.In another part of the study, participants heard a mixture of two speakers in a“cocktail party”scenario (场景), and were told to listen to one and ignore the other. The participants brains only processed language for the c
35、onversation which they were told to pay attention to, not the one they were told to ignore.This study lays the foundation for additional research into how our brains interpret sounds as words. For example, how and when does the brain decide which word is being said?32. What is the purpose of paragra
36、ph 1?A. To explain how people process music.B. To present what influence noises have on people.C. To show peoples reactions to speech in a noisy environment.D. To list what people hear while walking along a busy city street.33. What did the researchers find in the new study?A. People recognize music
37、 faster than other non-speech sounds.B. People understand non-speech sounds in a tenth of a second.C. People can pick out speech from other kinds of sounds quickly.D. People process an unfamiliar language at about three words a second.34. How did the researchers do the “cocktail party” study?A. By w
38、atching participants reactions to a single speaker.B. By requiring participants to listen to non-speech sounds.C. By mapping participants brain activity while listening to music.D. By asking participants to selectively listen to one of two speakers.35. What can we learn about the study?A. It makes c
39、lear how brains process foreign languages.B. It explains why our brains can understand familiar languages.C. It shows how brains listen to one speaker and ignore the other.D. It helps researchers to further study how brains recognize sounds as words.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的
40、最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Volunteering in your community gives you a chance to give back. Youll feel that you are volunteering your time, and a local organization will benefit, too. Below are some tips on finding an organization thats a good fit for you.When you decide to volunteer, you may choose the first
41、volunteer opportunity you come across.36When looking for an organization to volunteer at, try to pick one with a cause that arouses your passions.Look for more than just the “standard” volunteer organization. When you think about volunteering, your mind may immediately focus on organizations such as
42、 soup kitchens, homeless shelters, or food banks. While those organizations are very worthy of your time, you may find other opportunities better fit your personality or skill set.37For example, you may find that volunteering with your local parks and youth organizations may be more to your liking.3
43、8Much like job search sites, you can use volunteer sites to help you find volunteer opportunities in your area. Organizations list volunteer openings on their websites, and you can search through and narrow them down.39You may find one of them has the perfect opportunity for you, and it may be easie
44、r to volunteer with someone you know at first. Volunteering with friends can make it more enjoyable because youre with people you know and have fun with.Pick an organization that will teach you something new. The first objective of volunteering is to help an organization and your community. However,
45、 volunteer opportunities can also benefit you. They can give you career experience you dont have.40A. Use a volunteer site to find a good match.B. Some organizations will also offer you training and career development.C. If that doesnt work, consider finding another opportunity somewhere else.D. The
46、se are the ones that you may not think of immediately but that still need help.E. If you cant narrow down the choices, start asking people you know where they volunteer.F. Knowing the length of time you want to commit to can also help you choose an organization.G. However, youre likely to be happier
47、 at an organization that supports a cause you care about.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Maryann Webb, a former teacher, knew the impact that literacy (文化水平) and social skills can have on a childs well-being. After a little research, she41that three m
48、illion Australians were living below the poverty line in 2017, and over 700,000 of these were42. “As a parent, I was shocked by that statistic and how many43children live acrossAustralia,” says Webb. “The more I learnt, the more I was44to do something.”Her bright idea was first to45Play and Learn Packs. The “Play and Learn” packs each come with a