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1、The mot obvious purpose of advertising is to inform the consumer of available products or second (31)_is to sell the second purpose might be more important to the manufacturers than the (32) _.The manufacturers go beyond only telling consumers about their also try to persuade customers to buy the(33
2、) _by creating a desire(34) _for_it.Because of advertisement，consumers think that they want something that they do not buying somethin9，the purchaser cannot always explain why it was(35) _.Even(36) _the purchaser probably does not know why he or she bought something，the manufacturers (37) _.Manufact
3、urers have analyzed the business of(38) _and know all the different motives that influence a consumers purchase-some rational and(39) _ermore，they take advantage of this(40) _.Why(41) _so many products displayed at the checkout counters in grocery stores? The store management has some good(42) _.By
4、the time the customer is(43) _to pay for a purchase，he or she has already made rational，thoughtout decisions(44) _what he or she needs and wants to (45) _feels that he or she has done a good job of choosing the shopper is especially vulnerable at this (46) _of candy，chewing gum，and magazines are ver
5、y persuade the purchaser to buy something for emotional，not(47) _ example，the customer neither needs nor plans to buy while the customer is standing，waiting to pay money，he or shemay suddenly decide to buy(48) _.This is exactly(49) _the store and the manufacturer hope that the customer will(50) _.Th
6、e customer follows his or her plan.31.purpose 【解析】从文中的第一句话“The most obvious purpose.”可以看出后面还有别的目的，而不是仅仅有最明显的目的。故答案为purpose。32.first 【解析】根据题意，作者想在这里做一个比较，而比较的对象是目的。这里作者仅仅给出了两个目的，所以这里是和第一个目的进行比较。故答案为first。 33.production【解析】从前一句话“The manufacturers go beyond only telling consumers about their products.”
7、可以看出，一方面广告要介绍自己的产品，而第二个目的就是卖掉自己的产品。所以这里作者想要表达的意思是“广告要使得顾客有一种购买的欲望去购买自己的产品。”故答案为production。34.for 【解析】解析见上题。desire后面用介词for。故答案为for，表示“的欲望”。35.bought 【解析】本句的前一句话说“顾客认为他们需要一些他们其实不需要的商品。”这就是广告的作用。但是买完之后，“他们却不知道当时为什么买了这种商品。”这里是被动的句式。故答案为bought。36.though 【解析】本句话的意思是“尽管知道顾客们可能不知道自己为什么买了这些商品，但是卖家却知道怎么去做。”故答
8、案为though。37.do【解析】解析见上题，为了避免与前面的know重复，这里可以换做do。故答案为do。38.selling 【解析】关键是看and后面的buying。本句话的意思是“商家分析市场的供需情况。”故答案为selling。39.some 【解析】关键是注意and前后一致。“some rational and.emotional”，前面说促使顾客购买的动机有很多，有的是理性的，有的却是冲动。所以这里应该是some。故答案为some。40.knowledge【解析】前面讲商家正确的分析市场的供需信息，知道是什么因素影响顾客的购买欲望。这就是他们利用的信息知识。故答案为knowle
9、dge。41.are 【解析】分析句子结构，这里缺少系动词be来构成动词的被动形式。故答案为ale。42.reasons 【解析】本段的第一句话提出问题，问为什么在结算处摆设了那么多的商品。很明显，后面的文章对这个问题进行回答，并列举了原因。故答案为reasons。43.ready 【解析】顾客来到结算处，说明他们准备好了要付账。be ready to的意思是“准备好了做某事”。故答案为ready。44.on 【解析】“的决定”英语表达为“decision on sth.”这里介词需要用on。故答案为on。45.customer 【解析】从这个句子的宾语“that he or she has
10、done a good job of choosing the items.”可以看出，这里说的是顾客的行为，他们认为自己买这些商品是很理性的。故答案为customer。46.display 【解析】这里要回应本段第一句话中的“displayed”。在出口结算处展示的这些小商品无疑是一种诱惑。这里需要用名词形式。故答案为display。Why the inductive and mathematical sciences, after their first rapid development at the culmination of Greek civilization, advanced
11、 so slowly for two thousand years-and why in the following two hundred years a knowledge of natural and mathematical science has accumulated, which so vastly exceeds all that was previously known that these sciences may be justly regarded as the products of our own times-are questions which have int
12、erested the modern philosopher not less than the objects with which these sciences are more immediately conversant. Was it the employment of a new method of research, or in the exercise of greater virtue in the use of the old methods, that this singular modern phenomenon had its origin? Was the long
13、 period one of arrested development, and is the modern era one of normal growth? Or should we ascribe the characteristics of both periods to so-called historical accidents-to the influence of conjunctions in circumstances of which no explanation is possible, save in the omnipotence and wisdom of a g
14、uiding Providence?The explanation which has become commonplace, that the ancients employed deduction chiefly in their scientific inquiries, while the moderns employ induction, proves to be too narrow, and fails upon close examination to point with sufficient distinctness the contrast that is evident
15、 between ancient and modern scientific doctrines and inquiries. For all knowledge is founded on observation, and proceeds from this by analysis, by synthesis and analysis, by induction and deduction, and if possible by verification, or by new appeals to observation under the guidance of deduction-by
16、 steps which are indeed correlative parts of one method; and the ancient sciences afford examples of every one of these methods, or parts of one method, which have been generalized from the examples of science.A failure to employ or to employ adequately any one of these partial methods, an imperfect
17、ion in the arts and resources of observation and experiment, carelessness in observation, neglect of relevant facts, by appeal to experiment and observation-these are the faults which cause all failures to ascertain truth, whether among the ancients or the moderns; but this statement does not explai
18、n why the modern is possessed of a greater virtue, and by what means he attained his superiority. Much less does it explain the sudden growth of science in recent times.The attempt to discover the explanation of this phenomenon in the antithesis of “facts” and “theories” or “facts” and “ideas”-in th
19、e neglect among the ancients of the former, and their too exclusive attention to the latter-proves also to be too narrow, as well as open to the charge of vagueness. For in the first place, the antithesis is not complete. Facts and theories are not coordinate species. Theories, if true, are facts-a
20、particular class of facts indeed, generally complex, and if a logical connection subsists between their constituents, have all the positive attributes of theories.Nevertheless, this distinction, however inadequate it may be to explain the source of true method in science, is well founded, and connot
21、es an important character in true method. A fact is a proposition of simple. A theory, on the other hand, if true has all the characteristics of a fact, except that its verification is possible only by indirect, remote, and difficult means. To convert theories into facts is to add simple verificatio
22、n, and the theory thus acquires the full characteristics of a fact.The striving of countries in Central Europe to enter the European Union may offer an unprecedented chance to the continents Gypsies (or Roman) to be recognized as a nation, albeit one without a defined territory. And if they were to
23、achieve that they might even seek some kind of formal place-at least a total population outnumbers that of many of the Unions present and future countries. Some experts put the figure at 4m-plus; some proponents of Gypsy rights go as high as 15m.Unlike Jews, Gypsies have had no known ancestral land
24、to hark back to. Though their language is related to Hindi, their territorial origins are misty. Romanian peasants held them to be born on the moon. Other Europeans (wrongly) thought them migrant Egyptians, hence the derivative Gypsy. Most probably they were itinerant metal workers and entertainers
25、who drifted west from India in the 7th century.However, since communism in Central Europe collapsed a decade ago, the notion of Romanestan as a landless nation founded on Gypsy culture has gained ground. The International Romany Union, which says it stands for 10m Gypsies in more than 30 countries,
26、is fostering the idea of “self-rallying”. It is trying to promote a standard and written form of the language; it waves a Gypsy flag (green with a wheel) when it lobbies in such places as the United Bations; and in July it held a congress in Prague, The Czech capital. Where President Vaclav Havel sa
27、id that Gypsies in his own country and elsewhere should have a better deal.At the congress a Slovak-born lawyer, Emil Scuka, was elected president of the International Tomany Union. Later this month a group of elected Gypsy politicians, including members of parliament, mayors and local councilors fr
28、om all over Europe (OSCE), to discuss how to persuade more Gypsies to get involved in politics.The International Romany Union is probably the most representative of the outfits that speak for Gypsies, but that is not saying a lot. Of the several hundred delegates who gathered at its congress, few we
29、re democratically elected; oddly, none came from Hungary, whose Gypsies are perhaps the worlds best organized, with some 450 Gypsy bodies advising local councils there. The union did, however, announce its ambition to set up a parliament, but how it would actually be elected was left undecided.So fa
30、r, the European Commission is wary of encouraging Gypsies to present themselves as a nation. The might, it is feared, open a Pandoras box already containing Basques, Corsicans and other awkward peoples. Besides, acknowledging Gypsies as a nation might backfire, just when several countries, particula
31、rly Hungary, Slovakia and the Czech Republic, are beginning to treat them better, in order to qualify for EU membership. “The EUs whole premise is to overcome differences, not to highlight them,” says a nervous Eurocrat.But the idea that the Gypsies should win some kind of special recognition as Eur
32、opes largest continent wide minority, and one with a terrible history of persecution, is catching on . Gypsies have suffered many pogroms over the centuries. In Romania, the country that still has the largest number of them (more than 1m), in the 19th century they were actually enslaved. Hitler trie
33、d to wipe them out, along with the Jews.“Gypsies deserve some space within European structures,” says Jan Marinus Wiersma, a Dutchman in the European Parliament who suggests that one of the current commissioners should be responsible for Gypsy affairs. Some prominent Gypsies say they should be more
34、directly represented, perhaps with a quota in the European Parliament. That, they argue, might give them a boost. There are moves afoot to help them to get money for, among other things, a Gypsy university.One big snag is that Europes Gypsies are, in fact, extremely heterogeneous. They belong to man
35、y different, and often antagonistic, clans and tribes, with no common language or religion, Their self-proclaimed leaders have often proved quarrelsome and corrupt. Still, says, Dimitrina Petrova, head of the European Roma Rights Center in Budapest, Gypsies shared experience of suffering entitles th
36、em to talk of one nation; their potential unity, she says, stems from “being regarded as sub-human by most majorities in Europe.”And they have begun to be a bit more pragmatic. In Slovakia and Bulgaria, for instance, Gypsy political parties are trying to form electoral blocks that could win seats in
37、 parliament. In Macedonia, a Gypsy party already has some-and even runs a municipality. Nicholas Gheorge, an expert on Gypsy affairs at the OSCE, reckons that, spread over Central Europe, there are now about 20 Gypsy MPS and mayors, 400-odd local councilors, and a growing number of businessmen and i
38、ntellectuals.That is far from saying that they have the people or the cash to forge a nation. But, with the Gypsy question on the EUs agenda in Central Europe, they are making ground.President Clintons decision on Apr.8 to send Chinese Premier Zhu Rongji packing without an agreement on Chinas entry
39、into the World Trade Organization seemed to be a massive miscalculation. The President took a drubbing from much of the press, which had breathlessly reported that a deal was in the bag. The Cabinet and Whit House still appeared divided, and business leaders were characterized as furious over the lo
40、st opportunity. Zhu charged that Clinton lacked “the courage” to reach an accord. And when Clinton later telephoned the angry Zhu to pledge a renewed effort at negotiations, the gesture was widely portrayed as a flip-flop.In fact, Clinton made the right decision in holding out for a better WTO deal.
41、 A lot more horse trading is needed before a final agreement can be reached. And without the Administrations goal of a “bullet-proof agreement” that business lobbyists can enthusiastically sell to a Republican Congress, the whole process will end up in partisan acrimony that could harm relations wit
42、h China for years.THE HARD PART. Many business lobbyists, while disappointed that the deal was not closed, agree that better terms can still be had. And Treasury Secretary Robert E. Rubin, National Economic Council Director Gene B. Sperling, Commerce Secretary William M. Daley, and top trade negotia
43、tor Charlene Barshefsky all advised Clinton that while the Chinese had made a remarkable number of concessions, “were not there yet,” according to senior officials.Negotiating with Zhu over the remaining issues may be the easy part. Although Clinton can signal U.S. approval for Chinas entry into the
44、 WTO himself, he needs Congress to grant Beijing permanent most-favored-nation status as part of a broad trade accord. And the temptation for meddling on Capital Hill may prove over-whelming. Zhu had barely landed before Senate Majority Leader Trent Lott (R-Miss) declared himself skeptical that Chin
45、a deserved entry into the WTO. And Senators Jesse A. Helms (R-N.C.) and Emest F. Hollings (D-S. C.) promised to introduce a bill requiring congressional approval of any deal.The hidden message from these three textile-state Southerners: Get more protection for the U. S. clothing industry. Hoping to
46、smooth the way, the Administration tried, but failed, to budge Zhu on textiles. Also left in the lurch: Wall Street, Hollywood, and Detroit. Zhu refused to open up much of the lucrative Chinese securities market and insisted on “cultural” restrictions on American movies and music. He also blocked ef
47、forts to allow U. S. auto makers to provide fleet financing.BIG JOB. Already, business lobbyists are blanketing Capitol Hill to presale any eventual agreement, but what theyve heard so far isnt encouraging. Republicans, including Lott, say that “the time just isnt right” for the deal. Translation: W
48、ere determined to make it look as if Clinton has capitulated to the Chinese and is ignoring human, religious, and labor rights violations; the theft of nuclear-weapons technology; and the sale of missile parts to Americas enemies. Beijings fierce critics within the Democratic Party, such as Senator
49、Paul D. Wellstone of Minnesota and House Minority leader Richard A. Gephardt of Missouri, wont help, either.Just how tough the lobbying job on Capitol Hill will be become clear on Apr. 20, when Rubin lectured 19chief executives on the need to discipline their Republican allies. With business and the White House still trading charges over who is responsible for the defeat of fast-track tra