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1、公共基础知识二 英语部分Passage OneChristopher Thomas, 27, was a writer by night and a teacher by day when he noticed he was always tired and was losing weight fast. Diagnosed with diabetes(糖尿病), Thomas would need to inject himself with insulin(胰岛素) three times a day for the rest of his life or risk nerve damag
2、e, blindness, and even death. And if that werent bad enough, he had no health insurance. After a month of feeling upset, Thomas decided hed better find a way to fight back. He left Canton, Michigan for New York, got a job waiting tables, nicknamed himself the Diabetic Rockstar, and created , a free
3、online community for diabetics and their loved onesa place where over 1,100 people share personal stories, information, and resources. Jason Swenckis son, Kody, was diagnosed with type diabetes at six. Father and son visit the online childrens forums(论坛) together most evenings. Kody gets so excited,
4、 writing to kids from all over, says Swencki, one of the sites volunteers. They know what hes going through, so he doesnt feel alone. Kody is anything but alone: Diabetes is now the seventh leading cause of death in the United States, with 24 million diagnosed cases. And more people are being diagno
5、sed at younger ages. These days, Thomass main focus is his charity（慈善机构）, Fight It, which provides medicines and supplies to people225 to datewho cant afford a diabetics huge expenses. has raised about $23,000in products and in cash. In May, Thomas will hold the first annual Diabetic Rockstar Festiv
6、al in the Caribbean. Even with a staff of 22 volunteers, Thomas often devotes up to 50 hours a week to his cause, while still doing his full-time job waiting tables. Of the diabetes charities out there, most are putting money into finding a cure, says Bentley Gubar, one of Rockstars original members
7、. But Christopher is the only person I know saying people need help now.56. Which of the following is true of Christopher Thomas?A. He needs to go to the doctor every day.B. He studies the leading cause of diabetesC. He has a positive attitude to this disease.D. He encourages diabetics by writing ar
8、ticles.57. was created for _. A. diabetics to communicate B. volunteers to find jobs C. children to amuse themselves D. rock stars to share resources.58. According to the text, Kody _. A. feel lonely because of his illnessB. benefits from C. helps create the online kids forumsD. writes childrens sto
9、ries online59. What can we learn about Fight It?A. It helps the diabetics in financial difficulties.B. It organizes parties for volunteer once a year.C. It offers less expensive medicine to diabetics.D. It owns a well-known medical website.60. The last paragraph suggests that Thomas _.A. works full-
10、time in a diabetes charity B. employs 22 people for his websiteC. helps diabetics in his own way D. ties to find a cure for diabetes Passage TwoAsk someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling. Recycling in the home is very important o
11、f course. However, being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need. We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place. The total amount
12、of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005. It now makes up a third of a typical households waste in the UK. In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard.Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. The UK, for example, is running
13、out of it for carrying this unnecessary waste. If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. The solution is not to produce such items in the first place. Food waste is a serious problem, too
14、. Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. However, a few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue , encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example.But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have learned to as
15、sociate packaging with quality. We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. This is especially true of food. But is also applies to a wide range of consumer products, which often have far more packaging than necessary. There are signs of hope. As more of us recycle, we are
16、 beginning to realise just how much unnecessary material are collecting. We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture, but we have a mountain to climb.61. What does the underlined phrase “over-consumption” refer to? A. Using too much packaging. B. Recycling too many wastes.C. Making more
17、 products than necessary.D. Having more material than is needed.62. The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show _.A. the tendency of cutting household wasteB. the increase of packaging recyclingC. the rapid growth of super marketsOveruse63. According to the text, recycling _. A. helps control the
18、 greenhouse effect B. means burning packaging for energy C. is the solution to gas shortage D. leads to a waste of land64. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4? A. Unpackaged products are of bad quality. B. Supermarkets care more about packaging. C. It is improper to judge quality by packaging. D.
19、Other products are better packaged than food.65. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Fighting wastefulness is difficult. B. Needless material is mostly recycled. C. People like collecting recyclable waste. D. The author is proud of their consumer culture.第一套模拟题答案解析Passage One56.解析:细节理解题。通读
20、全文可知，Christopher Thomas对于自己的疾病采取了积极的态度，所以C项正确。A项与Thomas would need to inject himself with insulin(胰岛素) three times a day for the rest of his life不符；B项与文中的Thomas开办网站，与病人及其家属分享有关的信息和资源不符；D项提到的写作是Thomas的专职工作，而他的志愿工作才是运作Fight It 这个慈善机构。安徽省直事业单位备考交流群答案:C 57.解析：细节理解题。根据a free online community for diabetic
21、s and their loved onesa place where over 1,100 people share personal stories, information, and resources可知A项正确。答案:A 58.解析：细节理解题。根据Father and son visit the online childrens forums(论坛) together most evenings. Kody gets so excited, writing to kids from all over, says Swencki, one of the sites volunteer
22、s. They know what hes going through, so he doesnt feel alone. 可知B项正确。答案:B59.解析：细节理解题。根据Fight It, which provides medicines and supplies to people225 to datewho cant afford a diabetics huge expenses. has raised about $23,000in products and in cash.可知A项正确。 答案:A60.解析：推理判断题。根据But Christopher is the only
23、person I know saying people need help now.可知Thomas在用自己的方式帮助糖尿病人，所以C项正确。A项与Thomas often devotes up to 50 hours a week to his cause, while still doing his full-time job waiting tables不符；B项与Even with a staff of 22 volunteers；D项与Of the diabetes charities out there, most are putting money into finding a
24、cure, says Bentley Gubar, one of Rockstars original members. But Christopher is the only person I know saying people need help now.不符。答案:C Passage Two61.D. the fact of packaging解析：词义猜测题。根据文中的We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far be
25、tter if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place. 可知划线部分意义应为“过度消费”，所以D项意义正确。答案:D 62.解析：作者用意猜测题。根据作者在文中使用的数字可知，作者使用数字的目的是为了让读者清楚地理解过度包装的现实问题，所以D项正确。答案:D63.解析：细节理解题。根据If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. Recyclin
26、g helps, but the process itself uses energy.可知A项正确。答案:A 64.解析：推理判断题。第四段讲述了人们对于包装不好的物品的固有认识，即：人们普遍认为包装不好的物品质量肯定差，所以C项应为正确答案。答案:65.解析：推理判断题。文章讲述了人们对于过度包装的危害的认识及人们应有的积极态度，所以最后一段给我们带来了希望，但是最后一句we have a mountain to climb.提示我们事情不会一蹴而就，所以A项正确。答案:A 第二套模拟题英语阅读Rae Armantrout, who has been a poetry professor
27、at the University of California San Diego(UCSD) for two decades, has won the 2010 Pulitzer Prize in the poetry category for her most recent book, “Versed”.“Im delighted and amazed at how much media recognition that the Pulitzer brings, as compared to even the National Book Critics Award, which I was
28、 also surprised and delighted to win,” said Armantrout.“For a long time, my writing has been just below the media radar, and to have this kind of attention, suddenly, with my 10th book, is really surprising.”Armantrout, a native Californian, received her bachelors degree at UC Berkeley, where she st
29、udied with noted poet Denise Levertov, and her masters in creative writing from San Francisco State University. She is a founding member of Language Poets, a group in American poetry that analyzes the way language is used and raises questions to make the reader think. In March, she won the National
30、Book Critics Circle Award for “Versed.” “This book has gotten more attention,” Armantrout said, “but I dont feel as if its better.”The first half of “Versed” focuses on the dark forces taking hold of the United States as it fought the war against Iraq. The second half looks at the dark forces castin
31、g a shadow over her own life after Armantrout was diagnosed with cancer in 2006.Armantrout was shocked to learn she had won the Pulitzer but many of her colleagues were not. “Rae Armantrout is a unique voice in American poetry,” said Seth Lerer, head of Arts and Humanities at UCSD. “Versed”, publish
32、ed by the Wesleyan University Press, did appear in a larger printing than her earlier works, which is about 2,700 copies. The new edition is scheduled to appear in May.56. According to Rae Armantrout, _.A. her 10th book is much betterB. her winning the Pulitzer is unexpectedC. the media is surprised
33、 at her worksD. she likes being recognized by her readers57. Which of the following is true of Rae Armantrout?A. She published a poetry textbook.B. She used to teach.B. It is mainly about the ADenise Levertov.C. She started a poets group with others.D. She taught creative writing at UC Berkeley.58.
34、What can we learn about “Versed”?A. It consists of three partsmerican army.C. It is a book published two decades ago.D. It partly concerns the poets own life.59. Rae Armantrouts colleagues think that she _.A. should write moreB. has a sweet voiceC. deserves the prizeD. is a strange professor60. What
35、 can we learn from the text? A. About 2,700 copies of “Versed” will be printed.B. Cancer made Armantrout stop writing.C. Armantrout got her degrees at UCSD.D. “Versed” has been awarded twice.Passage TwoBatteries can power anything from small sensors to large systems. While scientists are finding way
36、s to make them smaller but even more powerful, problems can arise when these batteries are much larger and heavier than the devices themselves. University of Missouri(MU) researchers are developing a nuclear energy source that is smaller, lighter and more efficient.“To provide enough power, we need
37、certain methods with high energy density(密度)”，said Jae Kwon, assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at MU. “The radioisotope(放射性同位素) battery can provide power density that is much higher than chemical batteries.”Kwon and his research team have been working on building a small nuc
38、lear battery, presently the size and thickness of a penny, intended to power various micro / nanoelectromechanreal systems (M/NEMS). Although nuclear batteries can cause concerns, Kwon said they are safe.“People hear the word nuclear and think of something very dangerous,” he said, “However, nuclear
39、 power sources have already been safely powering a variety of devices, such as pace-makers, space satellites and underwater systems.”His new idea is not only in the batterys size, but also in its semiconductor(半导体). Kwons battery uses a liquid semiconductor rather than a solid semiconductor.“The key
40、 part of using a radioactive battery is that when you harvest the energy, part of the radiation energy can damage the lattice structure(晶体结构) of the solid semiconductor,” Kwon said, “By using a liquid semiconductor, we believe we can minimize that problem.”Together with J. David Robertson, chemistry
41、 professor and associate director of the MU Research Reactor, Kwon is working to build and test the battery. In the future, they hope to increase the batterys power, shrink its size and try with various other materials. Kwon said that battery could be thinner than the thickness of human hair.61. Whi
42、ch of the following is true of Jae Kwon?A. He teaches chemistry at MU. B. He developed a chemical battery.C. He is working on a nuclear energy source. D. He made a breakthrough in computer engineering.62. Jae Kwon gave examples in Paragraph 4_.A. to show chemical batteries are widely applied. B. to
43、introduce nuclear batteries can be safely used.C. to describe a nuclear-powered system. D. to introduce various energy sources.63. Liquid semiconductor is used to _.A. get rid of the radioactive waste B. test the power of nuclear batteries.C. decrease the size of nuclear batteries D. reduce the dama
44、ge to lattice structure.64. According to Jae Kwon, his nuclear battery _.A. uses a solid semiconductor B. will soon replace the present ones.C. could be extremely thin D. has passed the final test.65. The text is most probably a _.A. science news report B. book review C. newspaper ad D. science fict
45、ion story第二套模拟题答案解析Passage One56.解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段的叙述可知，Armantrout对于自己获得普利策奖是很惊讶的，所以B项正确。答案:B57.解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的She is a founding member of Language Poets, a group in American poetry可知C项正确。答案:C58.解析：细节理解题。根据文章中的The second half looks at the dark forces casting a shadow over her own life after Armant
46、rout was diagnosed with cancer in 2006.可知D项正确。答案:D59.解析：细节理解题。根据文章中的倒数第二段可知C项正确。答案:C60.解析：归纳判断题。根据文章中的won the 2010 Pulitzer Prize in the poetry category for her most recent book, “Versed”.以及In March, she won the National Book Critics Circle Award for “Versed.”可知D项正确。答案:DPassage Two61.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的
47、叙述可知Kwon在研究一种原子能电池，所以C项正确。答案:C62.解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段可知Kwon举例的目的是为了说明原子能电池是安全的，所以B项正确。答案:B63.解析：细节理解题。根据By using a liquid semiconductor, we believe we can minimize that problem可知D项正确。答案:D64.解析：细节理解题。根据Kwon said that battery could be thinner than the thickness of human hair可知C项正确。答案:C65.解析：推理判断题。本文讲述了Kwon的原子能电池的有关情况，文章体裁应属于科普文章，所以A项正确。答案:A第三套模拟题英语阅读 WELCOMWelcome to Windsor Castle, the oldest and largest occupied castle