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1、第一部分 教材知识梳理八年级(上)Unit 1中考目标导航中考目标导航重点单词重点单词词汇拓展词汇拓展 短语与句型短语与句型重难点讲练重难点讲练考点考点1 辨析辨析win与与beat考点考点5 辨析辨析be good at,be good with,be good for与与be good to考点考点4 辨析辨析spend,take,cost与与pay考点考点3 prefer的用法的用法考点考点2 practice的用法的用法考点考点6 mind的用法的用法考点考点11 whether与与if考点考点10 辨析辨析through,across与与over考点考点9 finish的用法的用法考
2、点考点8 be sure的用法的用法考点考点7 keep的用法的用法重难点讲练重难点讲练 辨析辨析win与与beat词汇词汇含含义义及用法及用法例句例句winvt.赢赢,获胜。宾,获胜。宾语一般是奖杯、奖语一般是奖杯、奖牌、游戏、比赛、牌、游戏、比赛、竞赛、战斗等名词,竞赛、战斗等名词,但不能接人。但不能接人。Im sure to win the game because I have prepared for it for a long time.我我一定会赢得这场比赛,一定会赢得这场比赛,因为我已经为它准备了因为我已经为它准备了很久了。很久了。beatvt.打败打败,优于。,优于。后面接对
3、手后面接对手(人或人或团队团队);也经常用;也经常用于被动语态。于被动语态。In yesterdays games,Switzerland beat the United States two to one.在昨天的比赛中,在昨天的比赛中,瑞士队以瑞士队以2:1战胜了美战胜了美国队。国队。【现学现用现学现用】1.He Zi _ a silver medal in the womens 3meter springboard at the Rio Olympics.2.We _ their team by 5:4 and got the gold medal finally.3.我们为她感到骄傲,
4、我们为她感到骄傲,因为她在歌唱比赛中获得因为她在歌唱比赛中获得 了第一名了第一名 。_ _ wonbeatWere proud of her because she won the first prize in the singing competition.practice的用法的用法 作动词时,意为作动词时,意为“实践,练习实践,练习”。常用于。常用于practice sth./practice doing sth.练习某事练习某事/练习做练习做某事。如某事。如:I practice oral English every morning.我每我每天天 早上练习英语口语早上练习英语口语。Sh
5、e practices writing every evening.她每天她每天晚上练习写作晚上练习写作。作名词时,意为作名词时,意为“实践;练习实践;练习”。如。如:Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧熟能生巧。4.Why not join an art club to practice _ (play)the guitar?5.老师要求学生练习他们的书写老师要求学生练习他们的书写。_ _【现学现用现学现用】playingThe teacher asks students to practice their handwriting.prefer的用法的用法 prefer 相
6、当于相当于like.better,意为,意为“更喜欢更喜欢”,过,过去式去式/过去分词过去分词preferred,现在分词,现在分词preferring。prefer sth.to sth.比起某物来更喜欢另一物。比起某物来更喜欢另一物。如如:He prefers coffee to tea.与茶相比,他更喜欢与茶相比,他更喜欢咖啡咖啡。prefer doing sth.to doing sth.与做某事与做某事相比,更喜欢做另一件事;宁愿做某事也不相比,更喜欢做另一件事;宁愿做某事也不愿做另一件事。如愿做另一件事。如:My younger brother preferred playing
7、the piano to playing football.与踢足球相比,与踢足球相比,我的弟弟更喜欢弹钢琴我的弟弟更喜欢弹钢琴。prefer to do sth.喜欢做某事。如喜欢做某事。如:I prefer to read English in the morning.我喜欢我喜欢在早晨读英语在早晨读英语。prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.宁愿做某宁愿做某事而不愿做另一件事。如事而不愿做另一件事。如:He preferred to stay at home rather than go with us.他宁愿待在家里也不愿跟我们一起去他宁愿待在家里也不
8、愿跟我们一起去。【现学现用现学现用】6.On the weekend,I prefer _(cook)by myself to eating in a restaurant.7.When I was a little child,I preferred meat _ vege tables.8.女孩们宁愿去购物,也不愿待在家里。女孩们宁愿去购物,也不愿待在家里。_ _cookingto Girls prefer to go shopping rather thanstay at home.辨析辨析spend,take,cost与与pay讲解详见讲解详见本书本书P30【现学现用现学现用】9.We
9、 shouldnt spend too much time _ (play)computer games because its bad for our eyes.10.每天完成家庭作业花费汤姆大约一个小时。每天完成家庭作业花费汤姆大约一个小时。_ _ playingIt takes Tom about an hour a day to finish his homework.辨析辨析be good at,be good with,be good for与与be good to短短语语含含义义及用法及用法例句例句be good at“擅长于擅长于”,相当于,相当于do well in,at 后
10、接名词、后接名词、代词或动名词。代词或动名词。Some of us are good at playing basketball.我们中的一些人擅我们中的一些人擅长打篮球。长打篮球。be good with“善于应付善于应付;对;对有办法有办法”。As a politician,you need to be good with words.作为一名政治作为一名政治家,你需要能说会道。家,你需要能说会道。be good for“对对有好处有好处”,其反义短语为其反义短语为be bad for,意为意为“对对有有害;对害;对有坏处有坏处”。Eating fresh fruit and vegeta
11、bles is good for your health.吃新鲜的水吃新鲜的水果和蔬菜对你的健康有果和蔬菜对你的健康有益。益。be good to“对对好好”,其同,其同义短语为义短语为be kind/friendly to,后,后跟名词或代词。跟名词或代词。The young should be good to the old.年轻人应年轻人应该善待老年人。该善待老年人。【现学现用现学现用】11.Tom is good at _(paint)and he dreams to be a painter like Monet when he grows up.12.New studies sho
12、w that eating some chocolate may be good _ your heart.paintingfor mind的用法的用法(2012年年27题,题,2010年年 25题)题)mind用作动词时,意为用作动词时,意为“介意介意”、“关心关心”。常见句型如下:常见句型如下:1.Would/Do you mind doing sth.?意为?意为“劳驾劳驾好吗?好吗?”或或“(你你)介意做介意做吗?吗?”,常用来表,常用来表示委婉、客气的请求。示委婉、客气的请求。如:如:Would you mind closing the door?劳驾把门关上?劳驾把门关上好吗?好吗
13、?2.Would/Do you mind人称代词宾格或形容人称代词宾格或形容词性物主代词词性物主代词doing sth.?意为意为“你介意某人做你介意某人做某事吗?某事吗?”。回答该句型时,如果介意,可以说:。回答该句型时,如果介意,可以说:Yes./Im sorry,but I do./Youd better not.等。如等。如果不介意,可以回答:果不介意,可以回答:Not at all./Certainly not./Of course not.等。如:等。如:Would you mind my trying on your new coat?你介意我试穿你的新外套吗?你介意我试穿你的新
14、外套吗?Certainly not.当然不。当然不。mind用作名词时,意为用作名词时,意为“思想思想”、“想法想法”、“头脑头脑”、“心智心智”。常见的搭配有。常见的搭配有:change ones mind改变主意;改变主意;make up ones mind to do sth.下下定决心做某事;定决心做某事;set ones mind to(do)决定决定(做做);keep.in mind牢记牢记;come into ones mind浮现在脑海等浮现在脑海等。【现学现用现学现用】13.Would you mind my _(turn)down the music a little?14
15、.After seeing what a hard life her parents lived,the girl made up her mind _(study)hard.15.你介意为这些孩子们腾出一些空间吗?你介意为这些孩子们腾出一些空间吗?_ _ turningto studyWould/Do you mind making some room for these children?keep的用法的用法 用作系动词,意为用作系动词,意为“保持保持(某种状态某种状态)”,其后常接,其后常接形容词作表语。如:形容词作表语。如:Please keep quiet/silent!请保持安静!
16、请保持安静/沉默!沉默!keep sb./sth.doing sth.让某人让某人/某物继续某物继续/不断做不断做某事某事(让某人让某人/某物不断进行一个动作某物不断进行一个动作)。如:。如:Im sorry Ive kept you waiting for long.很抱歉,很抱歉,让你久等了。让你久等了。keep(on)doing sth.持续持续/不断做某事不断做某事(不断进行不断进行同一个动作同一个动作)。如:。如:Although we felt tired,we kept(on)walking.尽管尽管我们感到累,但是我们坚持走。我们感到累,但是我们坚持走。keep sb./sth
17、.from doing sth.阻止阻止/防止某人防止某人/某某物做某事。如:物做某事。如:The heavy rain didnt keep them from getting here on time.大雨没能阻止他们准时到这儿。大雨没能阻止他们准时到这儿。keep a record保持纪录保持纪录keep in touch(with)保持保持(与与的的)联系联系keep out(of)不进入;留在外面不进入;留在外面keep ones/an eye on照管,密切注视照管,密切注视keep away(from)(使使)离开;离开;(使使)不接近不接近keep in mind牢记牢记kee
18、p ones word遵守诺言遵守诺言keep up with与与同步;跟上同步;跟上拓展【现学现用现学现用】16.If you keep p_ your spoken English,youll soon make great progress.17.The bad weather kept us from _(get)out of the house.18.保持火车清洁是每位乘客的职责。保持火车清洁是每位乘客的职责。_ _racticinggettingIt is every passengers duty to keep the trainclean.be sure的用法的用法 be s
19、ure about名词、代词或动名词,名词、代词或动名词,意为意为“确信,对确信,对有把握有把握”,相当于,相当于be sure of。如:。如:He went on explaining that he was not sure about the two things.他继续解释他对那他继续解释他对那两件事不确定。两件事不确定。be sure to do sth.=make sure to do sth.务必做务必做某事,一定要做某事。如:某事,一定要做某事。如:Be sure not to do that again.=Make sure not to do that again.一定不
20、要再做那种事了。一定不要再做那种事了。be surethat从句,表示从句,表示“肯定,确信肯定,确信”。如:。如:Im sure that Ive met him before.我确定我以我确定我以前见过他。前见过他。【现学现用现学现用】19.I believe Jim is sure _(pass)the exam with a high score.20.Be sure you understand what the teachers have told you._21.请确保你已经关好所有窗户。请确保你已经关好所有窗户。_ _to pass确保你理解老师告诉你的东西。确保你理解老师告诉
21、你的东西。Please make sure that you have closed all the windows.作不及物动词,意为作不及物动词,意为“完成;做好完成;做好”。如:。如:They start wo rk early and finish late every day.他们每天开工早收工晚。他们每天开工早收工晚。用作及物动词,意为用作及物动词,意为“结束;完成结束;完成”。其。其后常接名词、代词或后常接名词、代词或v.ing形式作宾语。如:形式作宾语。如:finish的用法的用法 When will you finish your work?你什么你什么时候能完成你的工作?时
22、候能完成你的工作?I didnt finish doing my homework until 10 pm.直到晚上十点我才完成我的作业。直到晚上十点我才完成我的作业。【现学现用现学现用】22.Tom is going to play with you as soon as he _(完成完成)doing the dishes.23.Remember to return the book to the library when you finish _(read)it.finishesreading 辨析辨析through,across与与over讲解详见讲解详见本书本书P30【现学现用现学现
23、用】24.Everyone must go _(通过通过)the security check before boarding the plane at the airport.25.We shouldnt _(across)the street when the traffic light is red.throughcross 用法用法 相同点相同点whether和和if都可以引导宾语从句,表示都可以引导宾语从句,表示“是否是否”,在口语或间接引语中两者可以互换使用。在口语或间接引语中两者可以互换使用。不同点不同点 whether引导的从句常可以与引导的从句常可以与or not 直接连用,
24、而直接连用,而if一般不能。一般不能。当宾语从句被提到句首时,只能用当宾语从句被提到句首时,只能用whether引导,而引导,而不能用不能用if。if 还有还有“如果如果”之意,而之意,而whether没有。没有。辨析辨析whether与与if(2016年28题)如:如:I wonder whether/if I can get some advice from you.我在想是否可以从你那征求些建议。我在想是否可以从你那征求些建议。Let me know whether you can come or not.让我知道你是否能来。让我知道你是否能来。【现学现用现学现用】26.Make some changes _ you are not satisfied with the life you are living.27._(是否是否)I can go to the party or not is still a question.ifWhether