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1、中考英语专项指导 -词语运用 1词汇是学习英语的基础，也是中考的高频考点之一。近几年来，许多省市的中考英语都非常重视考生在具体语境中运用词汇能力的考查，词汇部分在历年中考题中约占总分值的10%15%。2命题特点：主要考查一些高频词汇(如名词、动词、形容词等)；考查各类词形变化；考查六种时态的正确运用。3考查题型：根据句意及汉语提示拼写单词；根据句意及首字母提示写出正确单词；用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空；用方框内所给单词或短语的适当形式填空。4预计2016年中考将会加大对各类词汇的灵活运用及单词拼写能力的考查。1.Television was invented by John Baird an
2、d it is one of the greatest _ in the world.(12中考题）中考题）inventions2.We usually _ to show agreement and shake our heads to show disagreement.(13中考题）中考题）nod3.The temperature here was _ 25 and 35 last week.(14中考题）中考题）betweenandbetweenHave a tryone of+n.复数复数 4.It is not safe for such a small child to swim
3、_（单独）（单独）in the river.aloneadv.5.We should never do anything _（违反）（违反）the law.againstprep.（lonely 孤独的，偏僻的）孤独的，偏僻的）6.The boy sat down excitedly because he answered the difficult question _ (correct).7.She is proud of _(she)for not giving up easily.8.Tony is badly ill.We are all _(care)about his healt
4、h.correctlyherselfcaring实意动词用副词修饰实意动词用副词修饰现在状态现在状态9.Bangkok,the capital of Thailand,_(know)as the“City of Angels.10.We should do everything we can _(protect)the environment.is knownto protectbe known as 定语从句定语从句 do sth to+V原原 做目的状语做目的状语 归纳中考考点：归纳中考考点：中考考点一：中考考点一：考查不同词类的单词在句子中的灵活运用考查不同词类的单词在句子中的灵活运用一
5、.名词考虑可数名词单复数、不可数名词和所有格例1 Do you like white？We have shirts of different _(颜色).例2 September 10th is （教师)Day.根据句意，可确定单词为“color”，通过前面的shirts和different两词可确定此处应用 colors。根据句意，确定单词“Teacher”，它与Day之间存在所有格关系，把Teacher变为复数，再变为所有格，应填Teachers。二二.形容调和副词还要考虑到形容词和副词形容调和副词还要考虑到形容词和副词“级级”的变化。的变化。例例1 He was very _(1 He
6、was very _(生气生气)with the man upstairs)with the man upstairs and began to shout and began to shout，“Stop singingStop singing！”例例2 On Sundays2 On Sundays，children play children play (高兴）高兴）in in the park.the park.根据连系动词was，此处应填形容词原级angry。此处应填副词happily，副词修饰动词 play。三.动词五种形式：动词原形、第三人称单数形式、现在分词、过去式和过去分词例1
7、 Thank you very much for (借）me your bike.例 2 The law of gravity_(discover)by Isaac Newton about 350 years ago.介词后动词用-ing形式，故填lending。350 years ago 是一般过去是时间状语，故用一般过去时，The law of gravity 是被发现，所以要采用被动语态，所以最终答案应该是was discovered。四、数词主要考查基数词和序数词五、代词考查人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词和疑问代词例 1 Help y to some fish，Jim.例 2
8、“Help y to some fish，please.”Mrs Green said to the twins.根据句意，此处应用yourself.根据句意，the twins为复数，故填yourselves。中考考点二注意词性之间的转换及易混单词例如：in the north of/in the northern part of west/western south/southern east/easternpark/no parkingplease/He is pleased./The trip is pleasant./With pleasure.Its a pleasure./unp
9、leasantsafe/safely/safety succeed/success/successful/successfullybe/feel proud of take pride in中考考点三注意一词多译或近义词如：Today LiLei didnt come to school because he didnt feel _.(好）注：这题中，“好”可以翻译成 good/well/nice，而表示身体好应用well.A(2014，黄冈)1 Women teachers are usually more careful and more patient(有耐心的)with the pu
10、pils.2 Since youve finished your work，why not consider visiting(参观)the park with your friends?3 Early in the twentieth(二十)century，two famous scientists developed their personal ideas about dreams.4 In order to search for the missing passengers in the MH370，two soldiers(军人)died.5 The film reminded me
11、 of the days when I was taken(照顾)care of in the village.6 Drive straight/direct(直径)on，and youll find the museum on your left.中考链接 B(2014，滨州)1 There are nearly four hundred(百)students in our grade.2 Excuse me，do you have a dictionary(字典)in your school bag?3 The baby is so young that he can hardly(几乎不
12、)dress himself.4 The toy isnt Kates.Hers(她的)is on the bed.5 December is the twelfth(第十二)month of the year.6 She suddenly(突然)found herself being talked about in all the newspapers.7 Mary has curly hair and she is of medium height(高度)8 The restaurant is behind(在后面)the bookstore.9 The medical(医学的)level
13、 in the city is better than that in the countryside.10 The second Sunday in May is Mothers(母亲节)Day.C(2014，荆州)1-Can you tell me something about Thanksgiving Day?-It comes on the fourth(four)Thursday in November.2-Can he ask Mr.Black for help?-Sorry.He should solve the problem by himself(he)3-Joe,woul
14、d you please drive a little faster(fast)than before?-No hurry.We have enough time before the train leaves.4-How many visitors(visit)come to Jingzhou every year?-More than one million,I think.5-What do you think of that clever boy?-He is a very successful(succeed)student,because he is interested in s
15、tudy.D(2014，上海)1 Dont be afraid of making mistakes(mistake)They help you learn.2 The medicine should be taken twice(two)a day after meals,George.3 I plan to enter for a summer camp with a friend ofmine(me)4 I am not satisfied with the service here.I want to speak to the manager(manage)5 The boy move
16、d quietly(quiet)into the hall as the concert had already begun.6 The soldier saved the boy from the flood with a piece of wood(wooden)7 Shops are not allowed to sell(sale)cigarettes to anyone under the age of 18.8 Many people enjoy reading ebooks,but I dislike(like)it as its bad for the eyes.E(2014，
17、宁波)1“Jackie is of medium height”means Jackie is neither tall nor short.2 Nowadays its a modern lifestyle to spend weekends in the countryside.3 Reading aloud every morning is a good way to improve your English.4 The sun provides us with light and heat.We cant live without it.5 Last year many of his
18、short stories were translated into some foreign languages.在复习和考试中，解在复习和考试中，解词语运用题词语运用题应注意以下几个方面：应注意以下几个方面：a.如果所填的词是名词，则要注意是可数名词还是不可数如果所填的词是名词，则要注意是可数名词还是不可数名词，如果是可数名词，则要注意它的单、复数形式。名词，如果是可数名词，则要注意它的单、复数形式。b.如果要考查的词是形容词、副词，则要注意其等级变化，如果要考查的词是形容词、副词，则要注意其等级变化，特别要注意的是那些特殊的形式，像：特别要注意的是那些特殊的形式，像：bad,badly,
19、ill所共用所共用的比较级、最高级形式的比较级、最高级形式worse,worst;像像little的比较级、最高的比较级、最高级级less,least等，更应该引起考生的注意。等，更应该引起考生的注意。c.如果是动词，则要注意其单数第三人称的形式，还有过如果是动词，则要注意其单数第三人称的形式，还有过去式，过去分词等变化，以及其非谓语动词的运用。去式，过去分词等变化，以及其非谓语动词的运用。d.如果是人称代词，则要注意使用的是主格还是宾格如果是人称代词，则要注意使用的是主格还是宾格。e.如果是物主代词，则要注意是名词性物主代词还是形容如果是物主代词，则要注意是名词性物主代词还是形容词性物主代词的形式。以及反身代词等的用法。词性物主代词的形式。以及反身代词等的用法。