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1、课时质量评价（四）必修第一册UNIT 3主题语境：体育活动、大型体育赛事、体育与健康、体育精神I .阅读理解A(2022 湛江模拟)Tobogganing, or sledding (雪橇)，likely comes before the colonisation of North America. Records show that Canadas First Peoples used small sleds to transport their belongings and food between camps, Raymond Flower writes in The History o
2、f Skiing and Other Winter Sports. But modern-day sled races can trace their origins back to the Swiss Alps in the late 1800s when British tourists decided to race in wooden luges (a sled used by one person) that locals had used to travel through snow. The origin is debatable in snowy northern New Yo
3、rk, however, where there5 s evidence that Albany held bobsled (a sled used by two or more people) races as early as 1885.Wherever they began, sled races quickly became popular. The famous Cresta Run, named after the Swiss town near the base of its course, was built in 1885 using snowbanks. The first
4、 organised competition was in 1898, hosted by the first bobsled club in nearby St. Moritz (a city in Switzerland). It was then that sledding began to separate from the luge to include two new sports: bobsledding, and skeleton sledding (俯式冰橇).Cresta Run is considered the birthplace of the skeleton, a
5、 particularly daring form of sledding. Unlike the luge, where competitors ride feet-first on a sled with metal runners, the skeleton sledding is a steel sled with a slim appearance. Riders lie down on the sled headfirst, then drop suddenly down an ice track. Bobsledding, meanwhile, involves teams of
6、 two to four in which the person in front controls directions and the player in back brakes when needed. It earned its name after competitors started swinging back and forth to speed up the sled.Bobsledding initially overtook skeleton sledding in popularity, becoming one of a handful of sports playe
7、d at the first Winter Games in 1924. The skeleton sledding was limited to the Cresta Run for decades because other bob runs around the world were not built for the steel skeleton sled. But in the 1970s, adjustments were made to both the skeleton and bob runs in order to include the event at future w
8、inter games.1. What can we infer about Raymond Flower?A. He is a writer.B. He is good at sledding.C. He invented the sledding race.D - He set the first record of sledding.2. How does skeleton sledding differ from the luge?A. Skeleton sledding runs on metal runners.B. Skeleton sledding doesn51 have b
9、ack brakes.C. Riders on skeleton sledding sled with their feet.D. Skeleton sledding needs players to lie down on it headfirst.3. What limited the popularity of skeleton sledding?A. Its special shape.B. Its speed.C Its steel runners .D. Its unsuitable adjustments.4. What can be the best title for the
10、 text?A. Why is sledding so popular?B How did sledding develop in Switzerland?C What are sledding adventures about?D. How did people kill time in North America?B（2022 广州模拟）When you love working out, taking a break from exercise can seem a waste of time - there are training plans to follow and goals
11、to be met. So, whats the problem? According to new research, excessive training can be damaging to mental well-being.“The benefits of regular physical activity are well-established, but its possible to have too much of a good thing, “ says Janet, an expert at physical training. But how do you know i
12、f you，re doing too much? Over-exercising can mean training fbr too long or too intensely without enough rest for your personal limits , “ she says. “Some of us may feel unable to stop. Indeed, one research shows almost 40 percent of us feel guilty if we miss a workout and less than 59 percent regula
13、rly take a rest day. So should you be taking more time out?By exercising beyond your limits, not only could you injure your body and reduce muscle mass, you could also end up feeling anxious, too. Over-exercising can impact your mood, relationships and ability to function in other areas of your life
14、, “ warns Janet. “Exercise releases the stress hormone cortisol. For most people, this can help you better manage stress levels. Over-exercising, however, can lead to increased levels of cortisol in the blood stream which can lead to poor sleep, depression and problems with memory and concentration.
15、”Still not convinced? If you find it hard to put down your trainers, you re not alone. Up to 10 percent of endurance athletes are affected by overtraining syndrome, with common effects including muscle soreness, persistent fatigue and even mental breakdown, “ says Professor James. In addition, over-
16、exercising can stimulate hyper inflammation, which has a severe effect on brain health. There is a simple solution, however. It has been shown that exhaustion may be delayed almost indefinitely by frequent and regular short breaks, “ assures James.5. What is Janets attitude towards excessive exercis
17、ing?A. Favourable.B. Tolerant.C. Ambiguous.D. Disapproving.6. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A. Definitions of over-exercising.B Effects of excessive exercising .C Benefits of exercising with friends.D. Approaches to reaching peoples limits.7. Which statement would James most probably agree with?A
18、. Over-exercising can lead to severe stress problems.B Taking a rest from over-exercising could ease tiredness.C. Brain health can be guaranteed by improving concentration.D. Over-training syndrome is common for those who exercise regularly.8. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
19、A. What is regular exercising?B Say no to extreme exerciseC. Take a short break from exerciseD How to balance exercise and workII.语法填空(2023 青 岛模拟)Reducing the number of calories every day is the ticket to good health. It works in lab animals. It also works in human 1. (being). The name of the method
20、 is caloric restriction. It increases the life length of animals. It even reduces their rate of cancer and other diseases 2. happen as people age . Reducing calories usually 3. (make) a difference to young and middle-aged adults.Researchers looked into 4. group of healthy men and women aged between
21、21 and 50. Members of the group agreed to reduce calories for two years. They could eat the foods they wanted as long as they cut back 5. the total amount of food they ate. They 6. (expect) to cut calories by 25 percent by the researchers. Many could not do it. The average calorie reduction was twel
22、ve percent. That is a reduction of 7. (approximate) 300 calories a day. But it worked. Those 8.(practise) calorie reduction lost weight and body fat. Their blood pressure fell a little. Fewer calories lead to better health. Does it lead to a longer life and 9. (little) sickness? A doctor said the diet would have to last a long time 10. (find) out the answer to this question. Researchers would have to study people for a lifetime to know whether the diet keeps them well and alive longer.