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1、十、过渡与衔接写作导练十、过渡与衔接写作导练写作要领写作要领名师指导名师指导即时演练即时演练写作要领写作要领 书面表达的评分标准把衔接和连贯作为主要的条件来要求。之所以书面表达的评分标准把衔接和连贯作为主要的条件来要求。之所以如此如此,是因为句与句之间、段与段之间恰当的过渡和衔接是构成语篇的最是因为句与句之间、段与段之间恰当的过渡和衔接是构成语篇的最基本的条件。语句间的连接成分是衡量衔接与连贯很重要的标准之一。基本的条件。语句间的连接成分是衡量衔接与连贯很重要的标准之一。构成语篇连接成分的过渡词语构成语篇连接成分的过渡词语,被称为被称为“篇章纽带篇章纽带”,其语篇衔接作用是其语篇衔接作用是不言
2、而喻的。不言而喻的。学生要学会正确、恰当地使用这些表示逻辑关系的关联词语学生要学会正确、恰当地使用这些表示逻辑关系的关联词语,使文章使文章前后连贯、结构紧凑、过渡自然。表示过渡与衔接的常用表达有前后连贯、结构紧凑、过渡自然。表示过渡与衔接的常用表达有:1.1.表示起始关系的过渡性词语表示起始关系的过渡性词语first of first of all,aboveall,above all,accordingall,according to,upto,up to to now,sonow,so far,asfar,as far far as,toas,to begin begin with,inw
3、ith,in my opinion my opinion等。等。迄今为止迄今为止,诸事顺利。诸事顺利。Everything is in order up to now.Everything is in order up to now.Everything is in order so far.Everything is in order so far.2.2.表示时间顺序的过渡性词语表示时间顺序的过渡性词语first,later,infirst,later,in the the end,finally,atend,finally,at last,afterlast,after that,sin
4、cethat,since then,immediately,suddenly,soonthen,immediately,suddenly,soon等。等。起初我觉得有点紧张。起初我觉得有点紧张。At At first,Ifirst,I felt a little nervous.felt a little nervous.努力学习努力学习,最终你会成功的。最终你会成功的。Work Work hard,andhard,and you will succeed in the end.you will succeed in the end.Work Work hard,andhard,and you
5、 will succeed at last.you will succeed at last.Work Work hard,andhard,and you will succeed finally.you will succeed finally.3.3.表示空间顺序的过渡性词语表示空间顺序的过渡性词语on the right/on the right/left,onleft,on one side one side of,onof,on the other side the other side of,atof,at the the top/foot/end top/foot/end of,
6、inof,in the middle/centre the middle/centre of,inof,in front front of,atof,at the the back ofback of等。等。房子中央有一张书桌。房子中央有一张书桌。There is a desk in the middle of the room.There is a desk in the middle of the room.There is a desk in the centre of the room.There is a desk in the centre of the room.4.4.表示并列
7、关系的过渡性词语表示并列关系的过渡性词语and,or,asand,or,as well well as,neitheras,neither.nor.,not only.but also.,.nor.,not only.but also.,either.or.,not.but.either.or.,not.but.等。等。他不但给我建议他不但给我建议,还给我钱。还给我钱。He gave me money as well as advice.He gave me money as well as advice.He gave me He gave me advice,andadvice,and m
8、oney as well.money as well.He gave me not only advice but also money.He gave me not only advice but also money.5.5.表示转折关系的过渡性词语表示转折关系的过渡性词语but,yet,however,while,onbut,yet,however,while,on the contrary the contrary等。等。他原以为自己理解了那道题他原以为自己理解了那道题,但是他错了。但是他错了。He thought he understood the He thought he und
9、erstood the problem,butproblem,but he was mistaken.he was mistaken.He thought he understood the He thought he understood the problem,however,heproblem,however,he was mistaken.was mistaken.6.6.表示因果关系的过渡性词语表示因果关系的过渡性词语because,so,as,since,for,thanksbecause,so,as,since,for,thanks to,thus,therefore,asto,
10、thus,therefore,as a result a result of,oneof,one reason is that.,another reason is that.reason is that.,another reason is that.等。等。由于天在下雨由于天在下雨,你最好乘出租车。你最好乘出租车。As itAs its s raining,youraining,youd d better take a taxi.better take a taxi.Because itBecause its s raining,youraining,youd d better take
11、a taxi.better take a taxi.ItIts raining so yous raining so youd better take a taxi.d better take a taxi.7.7.表示条件关系的过渡性词语表示条件关系的过渡性词语if,unless,asif,unless,as/so long/so long as,onas,on condition that condition that等。等。如果你不努力工作如果你不努力工作,你就会被解雇。你就会被解雇。You will get fired unless you work hard.You will get
12、 fired unless you work hard.If you donIf you dont work t work hard,youhard,you will get fired.will get fired.8.8.表示递进关系的过渡性词语表示递进关系的过渡性词语whatwhats s more,furthermore,moreover,besides,whatmore,furthermore,moreover,besides,whats s worse,toworse,to make matters make matters worse,worseworse,worse still
13、 still等。等。我不喜欢那件连衣裙我不喜欢那件连衣裙,而且它太贵了。而且它太贵了。I donI dont like the t like the dress;besides,itdress;besides,its s too expensive.too expensive.I donI dont like the t like the dress;moreover,itdress;moreover,its s too expensive.too expensive.I donI dont like the t like the dress;whatdress;whats s more,it
14、more,its s too expensive.too expensive.9.9.表示让步关系的过渡性词语表示让步关系的过渡性词语as,though,evenas,though,even if/if/though,whoever,whatever,whenever,whereverthough,whoever,whatever,whenever,wherever,no matter no matter who(what,when,wherewho(what,when,where)等。等。不管谁违法都要受到惩罚。不管谁违法都要受到惩罚。No matter who breaks the No
15、matter who breaks the law,helaw,he will be punished.will be punished.Whoever breaks the law will be punished.Whoever breaks the law will be punished.10.10.表示列举事实的过渡性词语表示列举事实的过渡性词语for example/for example/instance,suchinstance,such as,takeas,take.for.for example,thatexample,that is to is to say,assay,
16、as follows follows等。等。许多伟人从贫困中崛起许多伟人从贫困中崛起,例如林肯和爱迪生。例如林肯和爱迪生。Many great men have risen from povertyMany great men have risen from povertyLincoln and Edison,Lincoln and Edison,for example.for example.Many great men have risen from Many great men have risen from poverty,suchpoverty,such as Lincoln and
17、 as Lincoln and Edison.Edison.Many great men have risen from Many great men have risen from poverty,forpoverty,for instance,Lincolninstance,Lincoln and Edison.and Edison.11.11.表示总结的过渡性词语表示总结的过渡性词语in in short,inshort,in brief,inbrief,in a a word,onword,on the the whole,inwhole,in general,generallygen
18、eral,generally speakingspeaking等。等。一般而言一般而言,语言是用来交际的。语言是用来交际的。In In general,languagegeneral,language is for communication.is for communication.Generally Generally speaking,languagespeaking,language is for communication.is for communication.名师指导名师指导 句、段间要做到衔接合理、条理清楚、通顺连贯。句、段间要做到衔接合理、条理清楚、通顺连贯。而而要要真真正
19、正掌掌握握这这一一写写作作技技能能,在在平平时时的的训训练练中中就就要要有有意意识识地地尝尝试试使使用用过过渡渡衔衔接接词词,最最终终达达到到写写出出衔衔接接自自然然、语语句句流流畅畅的的佳佳作作的的目目的的。如如20162016江江苏苏卷卷范范文文中中In In mymy opinionopinion,internet,internet voting voting has has begun begun to to show show its its negative negative impacts impacts on on people people and and society.s
20、ociety.FirstlyFirstly,people,people may may feel feel forced forced when when asked asked to to do do things things that that they they dondont t want want to.to.SecondlySecondly,voting,voting of of this this kind kind does does not not depend depend on on the the strong strong points points of of t
21、he the competitors,butcompetitors,but rather rather on on how how many many social-social-networking networking resources resources they they have.have.ThirdlyThirdly,the,the voters voters or or even even the the competitors competitors in in many many cases cases are are possibly possibly taken tak
22、en advantage advantage of of by by the organizers for commercial purposes.the organizers for commercial purposes.In In shortshort,internet,internet voting,tovoting,to some some extent,isextent,is unfair,ifunfair,if not not immoral,andimmoral,and cannot cannot be be trusted.trusted.ThereforeTherefore
23、,rules,rules should should be be worked worked out out and and strictly strictly observed.observed.Everyone Everyone in in our our society society should should help help those those in in need,need,butbut it it is is more more important important to to be be sincere sincere and and earnest.earnest.
24、即时演练即时演练从方框内选择适当的词填空从方框内选择适当的词填空above all,besides,meanwhile,for one thing,for another thing,above all,besides,meanwhile,for one thing,for another thing,personally,in a word,recentlypersonally,in a word,recently 1.1.it it has has been been a a great great public public concern concern that that the t
25、he students lack self-protection awareness.students lack self-protection awareness.There There is is a a lack lack of of social social experience experience among among students students and and therefore therefore learning learning how how to to protect protect ourselves ourselves is is of of great
26、 great significance significance to to us us all.all.2.2.security security comes comes first.first.Without Without security,wesecurity,we can can achieve achieve nothing nothing and and cannot cannot live live up up to to parentsparents expectations.expectations.3.3.protecting protecting ourselves o
27、urselves contributes contributes to to the the healthy healthy development development of of the the students,whichstudents,which is is associated associated with with the the happiness happiness of of every every family.4.family.4.it it also also helps helps to to build build a a more harmonious so
28、ciety.more harmonious society.答案答案:1.Recently1.Recently2.For one thing2.For one thing3.For another thing3.For another thing4.Meanwhile4.Meanwhile5.Personally 5.Personally 5.5.in in order order to to protect protect us us students,6.students,6.we we should should strengthen strengthen our our securit
29、y security awareness.7.awareness.7.when when accidents accidents occur,weoccur,we should should calm calm down down and and turn turn to to teachers teachers or or parents parents for for help.help.The The government government also also plays plays a a leading leading role role in in protecting protecting students.students.8.8.only only by by the the combined combined efforts efforts of every side involved can we live and study in harmony.of every side involved can we live and study in harmony.答案答案:5.Personally5.Personally6.above all 7.Besides6.above all 7.Besides8.In a word8.In a word