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1、CloningUnit 2 Section Learning about Language栏目导航课堂深度拓展课堂深度拓展课后限时作业课后限时作业课末随堂演练课末随堂演练同位语从句一、同位语从句的引导词引导同位语从句的词语通常有连词(that，whether)、连接代词和连接副词等。1.由that引导We heard the news that our team had won.我们听到消息说我们队赢了。They were worried over the fact that you were sick.他们为你生病发愁。课堂深度拓展课堂深度拓展考点语法细解The news that we a
2、re having a holiday tomorrow is not true.明天放假的消息不实。Ive come to the conclusion that it was unwise to do that.我得出结论这样做是不明智的。The fact that the money has gone does not mean it was stolen.那笔钱不见了这一事实并不意味着是被偷了。He referred to Copernicus statement that the earth moves round the sun.他提到了哥白尼关于地球绕太阳转的说法。【注意】在某些
3、名词（如demand,wish,suggestion,resolution等）后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气。如：They were faced with the demand that this tax（should）be abolished.他们面对废除这个税的要求。They expressed the wish that she（should）accept the award.他们表示希望她接受这笔奖金。There was a suggestion that Brown（should）be dropped from the team.有一项建议是布朗应该离队。2.由whether引导The
4、re is some doubt whether he will come.他是否会来还不一定。Answer my question whether you are coming.你回答我的问题：你来不来。The question whether it is right or wrong depends on the result.这个是对还是错要看结果。【注意】whether 可引导同位语从句，但if不能引导同位语从句。3.由连接代词引导Have you got any idea what time it starts?你知道什么时候开始吗?At that time,I had no ide
5、a what a casino was.当时我不知道赌场是什么样的地方。4.由连接副词引导I have no idea when he will come back.我不知道他什么时候回来。It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做的问题。He had no idea why she left.他不知道她为什么离开。You have no idea how worried I was!你不知道我多着急!二、关于分离同位语从句有时同位语从句可以和同位的名词分开。如：The story goes that tuo men were killed in the a
6、ccident.传说有两个人死于那次事故。The news got about that he had won a car in the lottery.消息传开说他中彩票得了一辆汽车。The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.他想到可能敌人已逃离这座城市。三、同位语从句与定语从句的区别1.作用的不同同位语从句是用于说明所修饰名词的具体内容的，它与被修饰词语通常可以划等号；而定语从句是限制所修饰名词的，它的作用是将所修饰的名词与其他类似的东西区别开来。如：We are glad at the news that
7、 he will come.听到他要来这个消息我们很高兴。（news的内容就是that he will come，故that引导的是同位语从句）We are glad at the news that he told us.听到他告诉我们的这个消息我们很高兴。（that从句是限制the news的内容的，即我们高兴只是因为他告诉的这个news而不是其他的news，故that从句为定语从句）2.引导词不同what,how,whether,whatever 等可引导同位语从句，但不引导定语从句。3.引导词的功能不同that引导同位语从句时，它不充当句子成分，而引导定语从句时，它作为关系代词，要么充
8、当定语从句的主语，要么充当定语从句的宾语。如上例 that he told us中的that就充当told的宾语。4.被修饰的词语不同同位语从句所修饰的名词比较有限，通常有hope,wish,idea,news,fact,promise,opinion,suggestion,truth等抽象名词，而定语从句所修饰的名词则非常广泛。另外，when和where 引导定语从句时，通常只修饰表示时间和地点的名词，而它们引导同位语从句时却不一定；又如why引导定语从句，它通常只修饰名词the reason，而它引导同位语从句时则不一定。如：I have no idea when they will come.我不知道他们什么时候来。（从句）Ill never forget the days when I lived there.我永远不会忘记我住在那儿的日子。（从句）We dont understand the problem why this is the best choice.我们不明白这个问题，为什么这是最好的选择。（从句）The reason why he didnt come to the meeting is that he is ill.他未能来开会，原因是他生病了。（从句）