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1、BS ISO 17491-2:2012Protective clothing Test methods for clothing providing protection against chemicalsPart 2: Determination of resistance to inward leakage of aerosols and gases (inward leakage test)bsi.making excellence a habit：BS ISO 17491-2:2012BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Stand
2、ard is the UK implementation of ISO 17491-2:2012.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PH33, Chemical, Biological, Radioactive and Nuclear Personal Protective Equipment.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secr
3、etary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2012ISBN 978 0 580 65184 7ICS 13.340.10Compliance with a British Standard canno
4、t confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDateText affectedBS ISO 17491-2:2012ISO17491-2INTERNATIONALSTANDARDFirst edition 2012-04-15Protective clo
5、thing Test methods for clothing providing protection against chemicals Part 2:Determination of resistance to inward leakage of aerosols and gases (inward leakage test)Vetements de protection Methodes d,essai pour Ies vetements fournissant une protection contre Ies produits Chimiques Partie 2; Determ
6、ination de Ia resistance aux fuites des aerosols et des gaz vers interieur (essai de penetration)Reference numberISO 17491-2:2012(E)ISO 2012BS ISO 17491-2:2012ISO 17491-2:2012(E) ISO 2012 - All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2012All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no pa
7、rt of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mecnanical1 including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in 1he untry of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 C
8、H-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 17491-2:2012ISO 17491-2:2012(E)ContentsPageForewordivIntroductionv1 Scope12 Terms and definitions13 Principle24 Test agents and test subjects24.1 Test agents24.2 Test subje
9、cts35 Apparatus75.1 Method 1 Sodium chloride method75.2 Method 2 Sulfur hexafluoride method (SF)86 Procedure87 Calculation98 Test report10Annex A (normative) Sampling probe and connections11Bibliography13 ISO 2012 - All rights reservediiiBS ISO 17491-2:2012ISO 17491-2:2012(E)ForewordISO (the Interna
10、tional Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has be
11、en established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical stan
12、dardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for
13、voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all s
14、uch patent rights.ISO 17491-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 94, Personal safety Protective clothing and equipment, Subcommittee SC 13, Protective clothing.This first editon of ISO 17491-2, together with ISO 17491-1, ISO 17491-3, ISO 17491-4 and ISO 17491-5, cancels and replaces ISO 1749
15、1:2002 which has been technically revised.ISO 17491 consists of the following parts, under the general title Protective clothing Test methods for clothing providing protection against chemicals: Part 1: Determination Ofresistance to outward leakage of gases (Internal pressure test) Part 2: Determina
16、tion of resistance to inward leakage of aerosols and gases (inward leakage test) Part 3: Determination of resistance to penetration by a jet of liquid (jet test) Part 4: Determination of resistance to penetration by a spray Ofliquid (spray test)The following parts are under preparation: Part 5: Dete
17、rmination of resistance to penetration by a spray of liquid (manikin spray test)# ISO 2012 - All rights reservedIntroductionChemical protective clothing is worn in conjunction with appropriate respiratory protective devices in order to isolate the body of the wearer from the environment. Several tes
18、ts exist for determining the resistance of chemical protective clothing materials to either the permeation or penetration of gaseous or liquid chemicals.However, the effectiveness of the overall protective clothing item in preventing exposure from chemical hazards depends on the integrity of the clo
19、thing items design in eliminating or reducing inward leakage of chemicals.The selection of the appropriate integrity test method will depend on the application of the chemical protective clothing and the exposure hazards present. Usually, the integrity test method will be specified in the overall ch
20、emical protective clothing specification.Evaluations of protective clothing material chemical resistance should be carried out using the appropriate test.ISO 6529 specifies methods for measuring the resistance of the protective clothing materials, seams and assemblages to permeation by either liquid
21、s or gases. ISO 13994 specifies a method for determining the penetration resistance of protective clothing materials under conditions of continuous liquid contact and pressure, and can be applied to micro-porous materials, seams and assemblages. ISO 6530 specifies a procedure for measuring the penet
22、ration resistance of protective clothing materials from the impact and runoff of liquids. General protective clothing requirements are specified in ISO 13688.This International Standard specifies six different test methods for determining the resistance of complete protective clothing to inward leak
23、age of either gaseous or liquid chemicals (protective clothing integrity). These test methods apply to either liquid or gaseous chemicals, or aerosols, and range in the level of severity.The integrity test methods specified by this Internadonal Standard are as follows.ISO 17491-1 specifies a method
24、to be performed either at minimum test settings (Method 1) or at more rigorous test settings (Method 2), for assessing the resistance of a gas-tight suit to outward leakage of air through, for example, essential openings, fastenings, seams, interface areas between items, pores and any imperfections
25、in the materials of construction.This part of ISO 17491 specifies two different methods for determining the inward leakage of chemical protective suits in an aerosol environment (Method 1) or a gaseous environment (Method 2). The procedure is applicable to gas-tight suits and non-gas-tight suits acc
26、ording to ISO 16602 and provides an evaluation of chemical protective suit integrity, particularly leakage in the breathing zone, under dynamic conditions through the use of human subjects.ISO 17491-3 specifies a method for determining the resistance of chemical protective clothing to penetration by
27、 jets of liquid chemicals. This procedure is applicable to clothing worn where there is a risk of exposure to a forceful projection of a liquid chemical and which is intended to be resistant to penetration under conditions that require total body surface cover, but not gas-tight clothing.ISO 17491-4
28、 specifies a method to be performed either at minimum test settings (Method A low-level spray test) or at more rigorous test settings (Method B high-level spray test), for determining the resistance of chemical protective clothing to penetration by sprays of liquid chemicals. This procedure applies
29、to protective clothing intended to be worn when there is a risk Ofexposure to slight splashes of a liquid chemical or to spray particles that coalesce and run off the surface of the garment, and to clothing which is intended to be resistant to penetration under conditions that require total body sur
30、face cover, but not gas-tight clothing.ISO 17491-5 specifies an alternative test method for determining the resistance to spray penetration. It uses a static manikin instead of a test subject; it also uses a different spray configuration and duration.Methods specified in this part of ISO 17491, ISO
31、17491-1, ISO 17491-3, ISO 17491-4 and ISO 17491-5 are not appropriate for evaluating the permeation or penetration of liquid chemicals through the material from which the clothing is made.BS ISO 17491-2:2012BS ISO 17491-2:2012ISO 17491-2:2012(E)ISO 17491-2:2012(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARDProtective clo
32、thing Test methods for clothing providing protection against chemicals Part 2:Determination of resistance to inward leakage of aerosols and gases (inward leakage test)1 ScopeThis part of ISO 17491 specifies two different methods for determining the inward leakage of chemical protective suits in an a
33、erosol environment (Method 1) or a gaseous environment (Method 2).The procedure is applicable to gas-tight suits and non-gas-tight suits and provides an evaluation of chemical protective suit integrity, particularly leakage in the breathing zone, under dynamic conditions through the use of human sub
34、jects.2 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.2.1assemblagepermanent fastening between two or more different garments, or between chemical protective clothing and accessories, obtained by e.g. sewing, welding, vulcanizing or gluing2.2chemic
35、al protective clothingcombined assembly of garments, worn to provide protection against exposure to or contact with chemicals2.3chemical protective suitclothing worn to protect against chemicals that covers the whole, or greater part, of the bodyNOTE 1 A chemical protective suit can comprise garment
36、s combined together to provide protection to the body.NOTE 2A suit can also have various types of additional protection joined to it, such as a hood or helmet, boots and gloves.2.4garmentindivicual component (of chemical protective clothing), the wearing of which provides protection against contact
37、with chemicals to the part of the body that it covers2.5gas-tight suitone-pece garment with hood, gloves and boots which, when worn with self-contained or air-line breathing apparatus, provides the wearer with a high degree of protection against harmful liquids, particles and gaseous or vapour conta
38、minants2.6non-gas-tight suitone-piece garment with hood, glove and boots which, when worn with or incorporating self-contained or airline breathing apparatus, provides the wearer with a high degree of protection against harmful liquids, particles and gaseous or vapour contaminations but does not mee
39、t an outward gas leakage test (internal pressure test, ISO 17491-1)NOTE See ISO 16602.2.7jointnon-permanent fastening between two different garments, or between chemical protective clothing and accessories2.8penetrationflow of a chenical through closures, porous materials, seams, holes or other impe
40、rfections in a protective clothing material, on a non-molecular level2.9permeationprocess by which a chemical moves through a protective clothing material on a molecular levelNOTE Permeation involvesa) sorption of molecules of the chemical into the contacted (outside) surface of a material;b) diffus
41、ion cf the sorbed molecules in the material; andc) desorption of the molecules from the opposite (inside) surface of the material.2.10protective clothing materialany material or combination of materials used in an item of clothing for the purpose of isolating parts of the body from a potential hazar
42、d3 PrincipleThe subject wearing the suit under test walks on a treadmill over which there is an enclosure. Through this enclosure flows a constant concentration of the test agent, either sodium chloride (NaCI) using Method 1 or sulfur hexafluoride (SF) using Method 2.NOTE Method 1 simulates an aeros
43、ol challenge while Method 2 simulates a gaseous challenge.The air inside the suit is sampled to determine the test agent content. The sample is extracted through a probe placed inside the suit. Another probe measures the pressure inside the suit.The airflow rate to the suit is adjusted and maintaine
44、d at the manufacturers minimum design flow rate Ifthe suit is not outfitted with an external continuous flow air supply, the test subject shall wear a self-contained open-circuit compressed air breathing apparatus suitable for the test (duration and effort) and an airflow shall be fed into the suit,
45、 equal to the flow withdrawn from the suit for sampling. For a typical arrangement, see Figures 1 and 2.4 Test agents and test subjects4.1 Test agentsMethod 1 Sodium chloride test agentsThis method employs a sodium chloride aerosol as the test agent. The subject wearing the suit under test stands wi
46、th his suited body surrounded by the NaCI test atmosphere (see Figure 1). The mean NaCI concentrationwithin the enclosure shall be (8 4) mgm3 and the variation throughout the effective working volume shall not be more than 10 %. The particle size distribution shall be 0,02 m to 2 m equivalent aerody
47、namic diameter with a mass median diameter of 0,6 m.Method 2 Sulfur hexafluoride test agentsThis method employs sulfur hexafluoride gas as the test agent. The subject wearing the suit under test stands with his suited body surrounded by the SF6 test atmosphere (see Figure 2). Accurate determinations
48、 of leakage shall be possible within the range of 0,001 % to approximately 20 %, depending on the test challenge atmosphere. It is remmended that a test atmosphere at 011 % SF (by volume) be used since SF6 can build up inside the suit.SF6 is not to be used for full suits utilizing filters as exhaust assemblies, unless the suit exhaust assemblies are con