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1、专题38书面表达之读写任务及概要写作考点题型 技巧第1步读懂原文，明确篇章结构写概要之前，一定要先通读原文， 确定文章的体裁和主题。在正确把握文章主旨和段落大意后，明确原文的篇章结构。 根据意义划分文中的自然段，意义段的数量对应的就是要点的数量。提醒一个自然段不一定是一个要点，有时几个自然段说明一个要点，有时一个自然段包含数个要点。第2步去次留精，提炼关键信息明确全文的篇章结构后， 就要处理原文的内容，目的是保留主要内容，删除次要内容。先找出主题句，同时标注与主题相关的关键词，最后归纳的要点往往是这些词句的同义转述。原文描述性的语言、细节性的信息如列举数字和列举的事例等无须在概要中一一列出。第
2、3步归纳要点 合理转换表达明确每个意义段的关键信息后，接下来应用自己的语言准确地表达各意义段的要点。 为避免和原文的句子重复， 可利用同义转述和句式转换这两种形式归纳要点。各要点的词数应根据文中对应内容的篇幅来定，分清主次。转换表达注意遵循2个原则不增不减不曲：客观精准地表述原文要点，不增添不属于原材料的信息或删减原材料关键信息或改变原材料所表达的意思。不繁：在正确理解原文的前提下，用简洁的语言表达与所给材料一致的信息。第4步句式多样 注意过渡衔接在概要中合理使用非谓语、从句和特殊句式等使句式丰富多样，但句子结构不可过长，也不要用太复杂的句子结构。同时选用适当的过渡衔接词衔接上下文，保证概要部
3、分内容的连贯性。【题型分析】1、请阅读下面有关中国题材纪录片(documentary)的对话，并按照要求用英语写一篇150个词左右的文章。Su Hua: Hi, Li Jiang! Did you see the BBC documentary on CCTV 9 last week?Li Jiang: You mean Du Fu: Chinas Greatest Poet? Yes, I did. Fantastic!Su Hua: Just think an English actor recites Chinese poems.Li Jiang: I dont really under
4、stand every line he recites, but I believe he truly loves the poems himself.Su Hua: Right. It is reported that the film is well received outside China.Li Jiang: Yeah, Its my first time to hear Chinese stories told by an English speaker.Su Hua: In fact, documentaries about our country are plentiful b
5、oth at home and abroad. These films can help foreign friends better understand this land-Chinese literature, geography history, food.Li Jiang: I couldnt agree more.（写作内容）1.用约30个词概括上述对话的主要内容；2.谈谈中国题材纪录片受到外国朋友欢迎的原因(至少两点)。（写作要求）1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3.不必写标题。（评分标准）内容完整语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。_2、阅读
6、下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Parents everywhere praise their kids. Jenn Berman, author of The A to Z Guide to Raising Happy and Confident Kids, says, “Weve gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when parents tended to be more strict.” By giving kids a lot of praise, parents think theyre buildi
7、ng their childrens confidence, when, in fact, it may be just the opposite. Too much praise can backfire and, when given in a way thats insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not being able to stay on top where their parents praise has put them.Still, dont go too far
8、 in the other direction. Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much. Kids will feel like theyre not good enough or that you dont care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.So what is the right amount of praise? Experts say that the quali
9、ty of praise is more important than the quantity. If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a verbal reward. “We should especially recognize our childrens efforts to push themselves and work hard to achieve a g
10、oal,” says Donahue, author of Parenting Without Fear: Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What Really Matters. “One thing to remember is that its the process not the end product that matters.”Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team. But if hes out there every day and playing hard,
11、 you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses. Praising the effort and not the outcome can also mean recognizing your child when she has worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or finish a book report. But whatever it is, praise should be given on a case-by-case basi
12、s and be proportionate(相称的) to the amount of effort your child has put into it._检测训练1、请阅读下面文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。Li Jiang: Have you heard this? A group of exchange students from the UK are visiting our school next month.Su Hua: Yes, I have. Some are already recommending the traditional Chinese dre
13、ss for the welcome ceremony.Li Jiang: But it seems people have different opinions.Su Hua: What do you think?Li Jiang: I think its a good idea. Its an opportunity to make the Chinese culture better known to international students.Su Hua: I agree. But we dont have to dress that way. Thats not our dail
14、y style. Besides, its not very convenient.Li Jiang: You see, its the Chinese culture that the British friends are coming for. Just the right occasion.Su Hua: I prefer the school uniform. Its nice. Its also a better display of our school culture.（写作内容）1. 用约30个词概括上述信息的主要内容；2. 在上述场合，你是否倾向于穿中国传统服装？请说明理由
15、(不少于两点)。（写作要求）1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3. 不必写标题。（评分标准）内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。_2、阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Its a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply because their websites can all start to look and sound the same. Nothing will give you the sense of what it will actually be
16、like to live on a college campus(校园) like visiting and seeing for yourself the dorms, classrooms and athletic equipment and, of course, the students. It seems a little crazy once senior year hits to find the time to visit college campuses, and it can also be pricey if the schools you are applying to
17、 happen to be more than a car ride away. But keep in mind that you are making a decision about the next four years of your life, and do all the research you can to make sure you are making the right one.Theres no excuse not to visit the schools in your local area. In fact, a lot of college applicati
18、ons even ask if you have visited campus, and obviously, if you live across the country that wont be as much of a possibility, but if you live nearby, go check it out!If campus visits arent going to happen before you apply, at the very least you should find some time between applying and getting your
19、 acceptance letters to visit the schools youd like to attend. It can save you a lot of heartache if you rule out now the things that you dont like about certain campuses, things that you wouldnt know unless you actually visit.Now, if time and money are making it impossible, then check out the online
20、 college fairs at CollegeWeekLive. Its a chance to chat online with admissions officers, students, and college counselors (顾问), and it wont cost you a penny! You can register for its online college fair at . While visiting an online college fair cant take the place of an actual campus visit, it can
21、be a very useful tool that along with all your other research will help you make an informed decision about which colleges or universities youd like to attend._3、请认真阅读下面有关我国电影票房收入（box-office income）的柱状图及相关文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。One Day in 2016.At Home.Son:Mum, shall we go and see a film tonight?Mot
22、her: Why bother?We can stay at home and watch films online. Its convenient with our new and faster networkSon: But it feels good in a cinema.Mother: And the price We have to pay 50 yuan a ticket.Son: Only 10 yuan more than last year.Mother: But still we cannot get the moneys worth.Some films are jus
23、t boring【写作内容】1.用约30个单词概述柱状图信息的主要内容；2.我国电影票房收入变化的原因有哪些，简要谈谈你的看法（上述对话仅供参考，原因不少于两点）；3.谈谈你对我国电影票房收入走向的看法，并简要说明理由。【写作要求】1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3.不必写标题。【评分标准】内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。4、阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容概要。 Although being famous might sound like a dream come true, todays stars, feeling li
24、ke zoo animals, face pressures that few of us can imagine. They are at the center of much of the worlds attention. Paparazzi(狗仔队)camp outside their homes, cameras ready. Tabloids(小报) publish thrilling stories about their personal lives. Just imagine not being able to do anything without being photog
25、raphed or interrupted for a signature. According to the psychologists, celebrities(名人)worry constantly about their public appearance. Eventually, they start to lose track of who they really are, seeing themselves the way fans imagine them, not as the people they were before everyone knew their names
26、. Over time, they feel separated and alone. The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages. In the 4th century B C, painters followed Alexander the Great into battle, hoping to picture his victories for his admirers. When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century, his sold
27、-out readings attracted thousands of fans, leading him to complain about his lack of privacy. Tabloids of the 1920s and 1930s ran articles about film-stars in much the same way that modern tabloids and websites do. Being a public figure today, however, is a lot more difficult than it used to be. Sup
28、erstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras. When they say something silly or do something ridiculous, there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their story alive forever. If fame is so troublesome, why arent all celebrities running aw
29、ay from it? The answer is there are still ways to deal with it. Some stars stay calm by surrounding themselves with trusted friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities. They focus not on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the f
30、irst place. With these effective approaches, some celebrities relieve the stress and remain popular with fans. Consequently, though being famous is driving some stars crazy, some wise ones enjoy what reputation brings them.5、请阅读下面文字及图表,并按照要求用英语写一篇 150 词左右的文章.写作内容1. 用约 30 个单词概述上述信息的主要内容;2. 结合上述信息,简要分
31、析导致交通问题的主要原因;3. 根据你的分析,从社会规范(rules and regulations)和个人行为两方面谈谈你得到的启示(不少于两点)。写作要求1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句;2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;3. 不必写标题。评分标准内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。6、阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。It is important that you teach your baby to read at an early age. Why? Obviously, being able to read is the basis for any
32、 successful education, so the earlier they start, the better. All too often, parents leave educating their children up to schools, which probably explains why the United States is currently ranked 18th in its rate of reading and writing.Teaching your baby to read provides brain exercise and it has a
33、lso been shown to increase the babys IQ because there is simply no better time in a persons life for learning than when they are babies. During this time, their brains are developing rapidly. The sooner they begin to read, the sooner they can begin to learn other subjects. This way, by the time your
34、 children begin school, they will already know whats being taught, and will be put on the fast track. Maybe they will even skip a grade down the road. One of the cases was 17-month-old Elizabeth Barrett who drew publics attention. She was given a series of words and even sentences that she could rea
35、d quite well. Her parents had been reading to her since she was born and had provided her with a very early education.Reading is the most important thing to teach babies at a young age. It doesnt have to be stressful or difficult for your child. Learning can be fun at such an early age, and it can b
36、e accomplished so easily that they wont have to struggle in order to learn.If youre interested in teaching your baby to read，the best way to start is by spending just a few minutes every day. Flash cards are a helpful tool. Simply show your baby matching picture on the opposite side. There are also
37、videos that help to teach babies to read. There is no better time to teach your baby to read than the present._7、阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。The manta ray is one of the largest fishes in the world, reaching up to 29 feet in width. And manta rays are some of the friendliest creatures. They allow divers
38、 to swim right up to them. Unfortunately, these gentle animals are in big trouble. Since 2011, manta rays have been listed as a threatened species worldwide.Overfishing is considered the biggest threat to giant manta numbers, both intentional and accidental. People catch manta rays for their gill pl
39、ates the parts through which they filter their food from seawater are sold in China for medical purposes. Driven by the huge demand, fishermen have hunted them mercilessly. From 2010 to 2013, the number of rays killed annually to supply the gill plate market tripled to 150,000. Clearly, overfishing
40、is bad for any sea creature, but its even worse for giant manta rays. Female mantas usually have only one baby, every two to five years. So every manta ray that was caught hurts the population in a big way.To protect giant manta population, Peru, a country in South America, recently took a big step
41、to protect giant manta rays. It banned fishing for them. People who break the law can be fined or have their fishing licenses taken away. Even manta rays caught accidentally in fishing nets must be released. Although other countries have passed laws to protect manta rays, Perus may be the most impor
42、tant one yet, because there are more giant manta rays in the Pacific Ocean near Peru than in any other place in the world.Scientists working in the Manta Trust, an organization that researches manta rays, are also trying to protect manta rays by learning more about them. Earlier this year, the organization attached video cameras, called Crittercams, to manta rays off the west coast of Mexico. The photos the cameras collect could help researchers predict where and when manta rays swim. The scientist could use the inform