专题 32 单项选择(解析版)--学易金卷:十年(2014-2023)高考真题英语分项汇编(全国通用).docx

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1、专题32单项选择2022年【天津卷】1. 【2022年天津卷第二次】I worked on your car the whole night. How is it running? It is running great! _. You were such a big help!A. Its a pityB. I couldnt agree moreC. Forget itD. I can hardly thank you enough【答案】D【解析】考查情景交际。句意:我整晚都在你的车上工作。它是如何运行的?运行良好!太感谢您了。你真是帮了个大忙!A. Its a pity太可惜啦;B.

2、I couldnt agree more我非常同意;C. Forget it 算了吧,休想;D. I can hardly thank you enough太感谢您了。根据It is running great!可知,此处向对方表示感谢,I can hardly thank you enough.意为“太感谢您了”,符合语境。故选D项。2.【2022年天津卷第二次】 Food and medical supplies_ to all the residents after the hurricane last Sunday.A. distributeB. distributedC. are d

3、istributedD. were distributed【答案】D【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意:上周日飓风过后,食品和药品供给被分发给了所有居民。分析句子成分可知,Food and medical supplies作主语,为复数,与动词distribute“分发”为动宾关系,故需要用被动语态be distributed;根据后文last Sunday“上周日”可知,句子需要用一般过去时态,故be动词要用were。故选D项。3. 【2022年天津卷第二次】_ we achieve great success in our work, we should not be too proud.

4、A. Ever sinceB. Even ifC. In caseD. As though【答案】B【解析】考查状语从句。句意:即使在工作中取得巨大成功,我们也不应该骄傲。A. Ever since自从;B. Even if即使,尽管;C. In case以免;D. As though好像。分析句子结构可知,此处为连词引导状语从句,结合句意可知,两个句子之间为让步关系,even if意为“即使,尽管”符合语境。故选B项。4.【2022年天津卷第二次】 _ gardening may be hard physical work, those who love it find it very re

5、laxing mentally.A. AlthoughB. OnceC. SinceD. Unless【答案】A【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意:虽然园艺有可能是艰难的体力工作,但是对于那些热爱园艺的人来讲,它却是脑力上的放松。A. Although尽管;B. Once一就;C. Since自从;D. Unless除非。由语意可知,“园艺是项艰难的体力工作”与“对于热爱园艺的人而言,园艺工作是脑力上的放松”之间是让步关系,所以此处应用连词although表让步。故选A项。5. 【2022年天津卷第二次】Critical reasoning, together with problem-solvi

6、ng, _ teenagers to make better decisions.A. prepareB. preparesC. is preparingD. are preparing【答案】B【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。句意:批判性推理和解决问题的能力有助于青少年做出更好的决定。短语together with/along with/as well as, etc连接两个并列的名词或代词做主语时谓语动词的数由该结构前的名词或代词决定,句子主语为Critical reasoning,谓语动词应用单数形式,此处为客观陈述,应用一般现在时。故选B项。6. 【2022年天津卷第二次】_ his re

7、stless students occupied with an indoor sport on rainy days, James Naismith created basketball.A. To be keptB. KeptC. To keepD. Keeping【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了让精力充沛的学生能够在雨天待在室内活动,James Naismith创造了篮球。分析句子结构可知,此处应填非谓语动词形式,结合句意可知,此处意为“为了”表示目的,所以该处为不定式作目的状语,且keep与逻辑主语James Naismith之间为主动关系。故选C项。7. 【2022年天津

8、卷第二次】The children failed to hide their disappointment when they found out the school_ the party.A. cancelsB. will cancelC. has cancelledD. had cancelled【答案】D【解析】考查动词的时态。句意:当孩子们发现学校取消了派对时,他们无法掩饰他们的失望。结合句意可知,学校取消派对发生在前,孩子无法掩饰失望发生在后,故从句的cancel为“过去的过去”,需要用过去完成时态。故选D项。8. 【2022年天津卷第二次】When people are depr

9、essed, some experience a loss of_ while others cant stop eating.A. appetiteB. powerC. memoryD. sight【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:当人们郁闷时,有些人会失去食欲,而有些人却忍不住暴饮暴食。A. appetite食欲;B. power权利;C. memory记忆;D. sight视力。结合后文while others cant stop eating表示对比,可知,前文表意与暴饮暴食相反,即毫无食欲。A项符合句意。故选A项。9. 【2022年天津卷第二次】The city temper

10、atures have returned from record low to normal, _ the citizens to enjoy the outdoors again.A. allowingB. being allowedC. having allowedD. having been allowed【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:这个城市的温度已经从历史最低温度回归正常,使得人们又重新开始享受户外活动。分析句子可知,句子谓语动词是have returned,allow用非谓语动词形式作状语,根据句意,表示自然而然的结果,用现在分词作结果状语,故选A。10. 【2022年天

11、津卷第二次】The experienced climber was_ the potential danger in such extreme weather and decided to wait until the following day.A. completely blind toB. totally lost inC. pretty keen onD. well aware of【答案】D【解析】考查形容词短语辨析。句意:有经验的登山者充分意识到在这样极端天气下存在的潜在风险,决定等到第二天。A. completely blind to 完全不了解;B. totally lost

12、in完全迷失于;C. pretty keen on 非常喜欢;D. well aware of充分意识到。分析句子结构可知,此处应为形容词短语作表语,选项均为副词修饰形容词,结合句意可知,此处表示“充分意识到”,故well aware of符合句意。故选D项。11.【2022年天津卷第二次】 Mental health involves_ you procees things such as stress and anxiety.A. howB. whatC. whyD. which【答案】A【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:心理健康包括如何处理诸如压力和焦虑之类的事物。分析句子结构可知,此处为连

13、词引导的宾语从句作谓语动词involves的宾语,从句中不缺少主语和宾语,但句意不完整,根据句意可知,表示“如何,怎样”的连词how符合句意。故选A项。12. 【2022年天津卷第二次】Im far_ and Ill never get this report done by Friday.A. below surfaceB. beyond controlC. behind scheduleD. above average【答案】C【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意:我远远落后于预定计划,我将无法在星期五之前完成这份报告。A. below surface地表以下;B. beyond contr

14、ol无法控制;C. behind schedule落后于预定计划;D. above average高于平均水平。根据句中“Ill never get this report done by Friday”可知,我无法在星期五之前完成这份报告,由此可知,我远远落后于预定计划,“behind schedule”意为“落后于预定计划”,符合语境。故选C项。13.【2022年天津卷第二次】 If we continue to_ environmental problems, we will regret it sooner or later.A. highlightB. identifyC. igno

15、reD. prevent【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果我们继续忽视环境问题,我们迟早会后悔的。A. highlight突出;强调;B. identify辨认;识别;C. ignore忽视;D. prevent阻止。由句意可知对于环境问题我们迟早会后悔,而这一切都是因为我们对环境问题的忽视。故选C项。14. 【2022年天津卷第二次】Angela just doesnt like me. She wont even say hello._. Actually, shes very shy.A. I have no ideaB. Dont jump to conclusionsC.

16、 Dont mention itD. There is no doubt about it【答案】B【解析】考查情景交际。句意:Angela不喜欢我罢了。她甚至不愿意跟我打招呼。不要太早下结论。事实上,她只是害羞而已。A. I have no idea 我不知道;B. Dont jump to conclusions不要太早下结论;C. Dont mention it不用谢;D. There is no doubt about it这一点毫无疑问。根据下文“Actually, shes very shy.”可推断,不要太早下结论说Angela不喜欢说话人,她实际上只是害羞。故选B。15. 【2

17、022年天津卷第二次】Guide books are prepared to suit the convenience of the traveler, _ routes round a city or a site are often suggested.A. for whichB. with whichC. for whomD. with whom【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。句意:旅游指南是为了给游客提供方便的,里面为游客建议了参观一个城市或景点的线路。分析句子成分可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词traveler;结合句意,路线是给游客提供、为了游客而给出的建议,故需要用介词

18、for表示“给”,先行词为人,故for后用whom。故选C项。2021年【天津卷】1【2021年天津卷第一次】Are you done with the book I gave you? _. Im still reading the last chapter.AHard to sayBNot quiteCOf courseDIt all depends【答案】B【详解】考查情景交际。句意:我给你的那本书你看完了吗?还没完全看完。我还在看最后一章。A. Hard to say很难说;B. Not quite不完全,未必;C. Of course当然;D. It all depends要看情况而

19、定。根据后文“Im still reading the last chapter.”可知书还没完全看完,not quite符合语境。故选B。2【2021年天津卷第一次】We all need to get involved in saving energy _ its at work, at home, or at school.AunlessBonceCwhetherDbecause【答案】C【详解】考查状语从句连接词词义辨析。句意:无论是在工作中,在家里,还是在学校,我们都需要参与到节约能源的活动中来。A.unless除非;B.once 一旦;C.whether无论;是否;D.becaus

20、e 因为。分析句子,该空需要一个连词引导让步状语从句,根据句意及后面的or ,需要表示“无论是还是”,whether符合题意。故选C项。3【2021年天津卷第一次】We _ quite enough work for the morning; now lets take a break.Ahave doneBwill doChad doneDwere doing【答案】A【详解】考查时态。句意:今天上午我们做的工作够多的了,现在让我们休息一下吧。根据后半句“now lets take a break.”可知,做很多工作这件事情是从过去某个时间开始一直到现在,应用现在完成时。故选A。4【2021

21、年天津卷第一次】While rock-climbing, you need to remain very _ so that you wont make any dangerous errors.AsatisfiedBfocusedCamusedDdelighted【答案】B【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在攀岩的时候,你需要保持非常专注,这样你就不会犯任何危险的错误。A. satisfied满意的;B. focused专注的;C. amused被逗乐的;D. delighted高兴的。根据后文“so that you wont make any dangerous errors”可知要想不

22、犯任何危险的错误,攀岩的时候需要保持专注,focused符合语境。故选B。5【2021年天津卷第一次】Students are encouraged to take control of their own learning, _ just depending on the teacher.Arather thanBregardless ofCdue toDin terms of【答案】A【详解】考查固定搭配。句意:鼓励学生掌控自己的学习,而不是只依赖老师。A. rather than 而不是; B. regardless of 不管,不顾;C. due to 由于; D. in terms

23、of 就而言。根据前半句鼓励学生掌握自己的学习,可知,后半句应该是而不是依赖老师。故选A。6【2021年天津卷第一次】-Hows the project going?- _. All we have to do is finish the last bit of work.AEasy come easy goBFar from itCBy all meansDSo far so good【答案】D【详解】考查情景交际。句意:这个项目进展的如何?到目前为止,一直都还不错。我们要做的就是完成最后一项工作。A.Easy come easy go 来得容易去得也快;B.Far from it 远非如此

24、;C.By all means 尽一切办法,务必;D.So far so good 到目前为止,一直都还不错。根据下半句可知,目前进展还不错。故选D。7【2021年天津卷第一次】Great improvements in public health have been brought about by _ in medical science.AtraditionsBadvancesCpressuresDexamples【答案】B【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:医学的进步带来了公共健康的巨大改善。A. traditions传统;B. advances前进,进步;C. pressures压力;D

25、. examples例子。根据上文“Great improvements in public health have been brought about”可知,公共健康的巨大改善是由医学的进步带来的,advances符合语境。故选B。8【2021年天津卷第一次】William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes _ we can learn without repeating them.Afrom whichBin whichCwith whomDfor whom【答案】A【详解】考查定语从句。句意:威

26、廉哈斯蒂曾经说过,历史会告诉我们过去的错误,我们可以从中学习避免重复犯错。分析句子可知,past mistakes为现行词,_ we can learn without repeating them.为定语从句,从句中谓语动词can learn可知,要从过去的错误中学习,learn from“从中学习”,可知应用from which引导定语从句。故选A。9【2021年天津卷第一次】Chinas National Highway 318, _ over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to Zhangmu, Tibet, is known as the heaven

27、ly road“ for its amazing views.Ato extendBextendedCextendingDbeing extended【答案】C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:中国的国道318号,从上海到西藏樟木,延伸出5000多公里,因为它的令人赞叹的景观,被熟知为“天堂之路”。分析句子成分可知,is known as是整个句子的谓语动词,所以空格处应填非谓语动词,extend与主语Chinas National Highway 318之间的关系为主动,所以用extending。故选C。10【2021年天津卷第一次】As working from home becomes _

28、common, people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career.AincreasinglyBequallyCnervouslyDconfusingly【答案】A【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:随着在家工作变得越来越普遍,人们发现为人父母与全职工作相结合变得越来越容易。A. increasingly越来越多地,渐增地;B. equally相等地;C. nervously紧张地;D. confusingly令人困惑地。根据后文“people are finding it easier to com

29、bine parenthood with a full-time career”可知人们发现为人父母与全职工作相结合变得越来越容易,是因为在家工作变得越来越普遍,increasingly符合语境。故选A。11【2021年天津卷第一次】Henry David Thoreau was happy to _ from social life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life.AjudgeBdifferCwithdrawDbenefit【答案】C【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:亨利大卫

30、梭罗乐于从社交生活中抽身出来,在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系。A. judge判断;B. differ不同;C. withdraw抽身,撤退;D. benefit有益于。根据后文“seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life”可知Henry David Thoreau在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系,所以他乐于从社交生活中抽身出来,withdraw from“离开”。故选C。12【2021年天津卷第一次】Currently, about 35,000 works _ in over 3

31、00 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything.Awere displayingBare displayingCwere being displayedDare being displayed【答案】D【详解】考查时态和语态。目前,大约有35000件作品陈列在卢浮宫的300多个展室里,要看完所有的展品恐怕要花一辈子的时间。根据上文“Currently(目前)”可知,应该用现在进行时;display与主语works之间为被动关系,所以用现在进行时的被动。故选D。13【2021年天津卷第一次】What p

32、uzzles Lilys friends is _ she always has so many crazy ideas.AwhetherBwhyCwhatDwhen【答案】B【详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意:令Lily的朋友们感到困扰的是她为什么总是有这么多疯狂的想法。A. whether是否;B. why为什么;C. what什么,所的事儿;D. when什么时间,的时间。分析句子,该空需要一个表语从句的连接词,结合句意,应该是朋友们不明白Lily 为什么有这么多疯狂的想法。所以本句为why引导的表语从句。故选B项。14【2021年天津卷第一次】It used to be that you

33、 _drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere.AneedBshouldCcouldDmust【答案】C【详解】考查情态动词。句意:以前你可能在这里开了几英里,都没见过别人,但现在到处都是房子和人。A. need 需要;B. should 应该,理应如此; C. could 可能,表示对客观可能性的推测;D. must 一定,必须。根据前半句意思可知,表示的是对客观可能性的推测。故选C。15【2021年天津卷第一次】At the Chines

34、e art festival, there are different stands _ artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors.AwhereBwhichCthatDwhen【答案】A【详解】考查定语从句。句意:在中国艺术节上有不同的展台,在那里艺术家可以展示他们的技巧并教给参观者。分析句子成分可知,stands 作先行词,空格后的句子为定语从句来修饰stands ,从句中不缺主宾表,故选关系副词,先行词stands 在从句中作地点状语,所以应用where。故选A。【天津卷】1. 【2021年天津卷第二次】I was tr

35、ying to place an order on your website, but I failed._ .I can take your order over the phone.A. Thats fineB. No wayC. My pleasureD. Of course【答案】A【解析】考查情景交际。句意:我想在你们的网站上下订单,但是我失败了。我可以通过电话帮您点餐。A. Thats fine没关系;B. No way不行,没门;C. My pleasure不客气;D. Of course当然。根据“I can take your order over the phone”可知,

36、此处表示没有关系。故选A。2. 【2021年天津卷第二次】I wanted to make dumplings but found I had _ flour, so I went out to buy some.A. made up forB. run out ofC. kept away fromD. got down to【答案】B【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我想包饺子,但发现我的面粉用完了,所以我出去买了一些。A. made up for弥补;B. run out of用完,用尽;C. kept away from远离,回避;D. got down to开始认真做。结合句意,此处指

37、“用完”了面粉。故选B。3.【2021年天津卷第二次】 Feeling fearful is healthy _ it helps you slow down and evaluate risks properly.A. becauseB. untilC. beforeD. although【答案】A【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意:感到恐惧是有益于健康的,因为它能帮助你慢下来,正确评估风险。A. because因为;B. until直到;C. before在之前;D. although虽然。根据语境,主句提到healthy(有益于健康的),连词引导的从句部分则在具体描述为何说是有益于健康的,这

38、是一个原因状语从句,适用because(因为)引导,故选A。4. 【2021年天津卷第二次】Mark is a genius. By the time he graduated, he _ jobs by a dozen computer companies.A. has offeredB. has been offeredC. had offeredD. had been offered【答案】D【解析】考查过去完成时的被动语态。句意:马克是个天才。到他毕业的时候,已经有十几家电脑公司给他提供了工作机会。该句是复合句,含By the time引导的时间状语从句,主句动作先于从句动作,且主句主

39、语he和谓语动词offer之间是被动关系,是过去完成时的被动语态。故选D。5.【2021年天津卷第二次】 The police searched the area for several days. _, they found the piece of evidence they were looking for.A. GenerallyB. OriginallyC. EventuallyD. Unfortunately【答案】C【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意:警察在这一地区搜查了好几天。最终,他们找到了他们一直在努力寻找的证据。A. Generally通常,普遍地;B. Originally

40、起初,原来,独创地;C. Eventually最终;D. Unfortunately不幸地。分析句意,警察一直在努力找证据,努力有了结果,最终找到了,故选C。6. 【2021年天津卷第二次】Its a good idea to choose a(n) _ destination in case your first-choice tourist spot is not available.A. annualB. exactC. alternativeD. pleasant【答案】C【解析】考查形容词。句意:如果你首选的旅游景点没有了,选择一个替代目的地是一个好主意。A. annual年度的;B

41、. exact准确的;C. alternative替代的;D. pleasant令人愉快的。根据后文“destination in case your first-choice tourist spot is not available”可知此处指替代目的地,应用alternative。故选C。7. 【2021年天津卷第二次】In the spring, a season _ we are 1earning new rhythms of life,many of us find comfort in the natural world.A. whenB. whereC. whatD. whic

42、h【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。句意:春天是我们学习新的生活节奏的季节,许多人在大自然中找到了舒适感。此处a season是先行词,在后面的定语从句中作时间状语,定语从句由关系副词when引导。故选A。8. 【2021年天津卷第二次】Nowadays many people travel across China _ high-speed trains.A. on behalf ofB. by means ofC. at cost ofD. in terms of【答案】B【解析】考查固定短语。句意:如今,许多人乘高铁在中国各地旅行。A. on behalf of代表,为了;B. by me

43、ans of用,依靠,借助于;C. at cost of以为代价;D. in terms of在方面,依据,按照。分析语境,人们去旅行,用的交通工具是高铁(借助于高铁),仅有B符合语境,故选B。9. 【2021年天津卷第二次】In the lab, keeping things clean and organized can help provide a safer _.A. systemB. methodC. investmentD. environment【答案】D【解析】考查名词。句意:在实验室里,保持物品的清洁和有序有助于提供一个更安全的环境。A. system体系,系统;B. met

44、hod方法;C. investment投资;D. environment环境。根据常识可知,保持物品清洁有序可以创造更安全的实验环境(environment)。故选D项。10. 【2021年天津卷第二次】Good evening, everybody. Professor King _ his lecture in a moment, but let me introduce him first.A. deliveredB. will be deliveringC. was deliveringD. has been delivering【答案】B【解析】考查将来进行时。句意:大家晚上好,金教

45、授马上要发表演讲,但(开始之前)让我先介绍一下他。根据语境和标志词in a moment(立即,即将,一会儿)的提示,可知教授的演讲还未开始,用将来时态(一般将来时或将来进行时),仅有B符合题意,是将来进行时的结构,故选B。11【2021年天津卷第二次】 It seemed that I had become _ my parents had wanted me to be.A. whenB. whereC. whatD. whether【答案】C【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:似乎我已经成为了我父母希望我成为的人。动词become后面是宾语从句,从句缺少引导词,且从句中的be缺少表语,所填词应该

46、起双重作用。故选C。12. 【2021年天津卷第二次】I told you! I really am ranked the lowest. Number 25 out of 25 players._ Youve got nowhere to go but up.A. Tell me a bit more.B. Im not so sure about that.C. Look on the bright side!D. That is absolute nonsense!【答案】C【解析】考查交际用语。句意:我告诉过你!我真的是排名最低的。25名球员中的第25名。抱乐观态度吧。你会越来越好的。A.Tell me a bit more再多告诉我一些;B.Im not so sure about that对此我不确定;C.Look on the bright side!抱乐观态度;D.That is absolute nonsense!这完全是胡说八道。根据“Youve got nowhere to go but up. ”可知,此处是指抱乐观态度吧。你会越来越好的。故选C项。13. 【2021年天津卷第二次】Alth

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