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1、专题06阅读理解记叙文-2023年高考真题及模拟题汇编2023年高考真题 Passage 1【2023年新高考全国卷】When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A ditry stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When h
2、e got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish
3、can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, h
4、e constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecos
5、ystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.Over the years John has taken on many big jobs. He develop
6、ed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the in
7、ventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe whats happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”4. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs?A. He was fond of traveling.B. He enjoyed being alone.C. He had an inquiring mind
8、.D. He longed to be a doctor.5. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks?A. To feed the animals.B. To build an ecosystem.C. To protect the plants.D. To test the eco-machine.6. What is the authors purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?A. To review Johns research plans.B. To show an application of Johns idea
9、.C. To compare Johns different jobs.D. To erase doubts about Johns invention.7. What is the basis for Johns work?A. Nature can repair itself.B. Organisms need water to survive.C. Life on Earth is diverse.D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.Passage 2【2023年新高考全国卷】Turning soil, pulling weeds, and har
10、vesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and h
11、ealthy lifestyles. Jaramillos students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetab
12、les are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new. Urban Sprouts classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dis
13、section, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools. Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say
14、they went home and talked to their parents and now theyre eating differently,” Jaramillo says. She adds that the programs benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems t
15、o have a calming effect on Jaramillos special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”4. What do we know about Abby Jaramillo?A. She used to be a health worker.B. She grew up in a low-income family.C. She owns a fast fo
16、od restaurant.D. She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts.5. What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program?A. The kids parents distrusted her.B. Students had little time for her classes.C. Some kids disliked garden work.D. There was no space for school gardens.6. Which of the following
17、 best describes the impact of the program?A. Far-reaching.B. Predictable.C. Short-lived.D. Unidentifiable.7. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Rescuing School GardensB. Experiencing Country LifeC. Growing Vegetable LoversD. Changing Local LandscapePassage 3【2023年全国乙卷】 Living in Iowa and t
18、rying to become a photographer specializing in landscape (风景) can be quite a challenge, mainly because the corn state lacks geographical variation.Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar, either farm fields or highways, sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes
19、. To make some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way.Being at the right place at the right time is decisive
20、in any style of photography. I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph. I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment.One time my friends an
21、d I drove three hours to Devils Lake, Wisconsin, to climb the purple quartz (石英) rock around the lake. After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks, we decided to photograph the scene at sunset. The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background. W
22、e managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset. However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. Once we found the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, looking back on the
23、photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely.4. How does the author deal with the challenge as a landscape photographer in the Midwest?A. By teaming up with other photographers.B. By shooting in the country
24、side or state parks.C. By studying the geographical conditions.D. By creating settings in the corn fields.5. What is the key to successful landscape photography according to the author?A. Proper time management.B. Good shooting techniques.C. Adventurous spirit.D. Distinctive styles.6. What can we in
25、fer from the author trip with friends to Devils Lake?A. They went crazy with the purple quartz rock.B. They felt stressed while waiting for the sunset.C. They reached the shooting spot later than expected.D. They had problems with their emipment.7. How does the author find his photos taken at Devils
26、 Lake?A. Amusing.B. Satisfying.C. Encouraging.D. Comforting.Passage4【2023年全国甲卷】Terri Bolton is a dab hand when it comes to DIY (do-it-yourself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.She credits these skills to her la
27、te grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A days work was rewarded with 5 in pocket money. She says: “Im sure I wasnt much of a help to start with, painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the
28、house. It took weeks and is was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills.”Terri, who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. She adds: “Ive moved house many times and I always
29、 like to personalise my room and put up pictures, so, its been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when Ive moved out.”With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning
30、 to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. The average spend per project will be around 823. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. Two fifth wish to increase the value of their house. Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research
31、 shows it is women now leading the charge.24. Which is closest in meaning to “a dab hand” in paragraph 1?A. An artist.B. A winner.C. A specialist.D. A pioneer.25. Why did Terris grandfather give her 5 a day?A. For a birthday gift.B. As a treat for her work.C. To support her DIY projects.D. To encour
32、age her to take up a hobby.26. How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented?A. By making it look like before.B. By furnishing it herself.C. By splitting the rent with a roommate.D. By cancelling the rental agreement.27. What trend in DIY does the research show?A. It is becoming mor
33、e costly.B. It is getting more time-consuming.C. It is turning into a seasonal industry.D. It is gaining popularity among females.2023年名校模拟题Passage 1（2023广东东莞校联考模拟预测）Every community has an ice cream store, but not all of them have a mission. When Charles Foreman opened his store, Everyday Sundae, he
34、 had a goal in mind, “My objective is to make a positive impact in my community by treating people like family and remembering them,” he said.With his business slogan,“A place for community,” Foremans store has quickly gained a devoted following. Customers visit to enjoy their favorite flavors; artw
35、ork and cards from them decorate the walls; and some purchase their paper napkins there to support the store. Foreman has also organized events like storybook readings accompanied by sweet treats for children. What truly sets this business apart is the free ice cream that Foreman generously gives ou
36、t.“You know when they come in, you can see it. It was natural to notice some of the kids have it and others dont. So Im going to sponsor them.” Foreman said as he talked about how he can tell when a visitor wants a treat they cant afford.“I just want to do some positive things. I believe my communit
37、y is missing a family-friendly ice cream shop.”One day, Nicole Harkin, one of his regular customers, noticed Foreman give a free ice cream to children without money. For Foreman, this was a constant gesture that had just gone unnoticed, but Harkin reacted with surprise. She came back and handed him
38、an envelope containing 100 dollars. Foreman was so touched by Harkins gift that he posted it on Instagram. Foreman and Harkins kind behaviors also moved other customers to cover Foremans free ice creams for people they didnt know. Foremans ice cream fund has received many donations since then.“When
39、you see people doing their best, you want to do your best,” Foreman said. “Everything is contagious, whether you do something negative or positive. Were supposed to do all we can to help each other.”1Why was Charles Foremans store so special?AIt provides free goods to the community.BIt offers childr
40、en ice cream for free.CIt is a place to show creativity.DIt collects donations from others.2What does Foreman really want to stress in paragraph 3?AThe motive for his generous action.BThe sympathy for those poor children.CThe urge for an ice cream shop.DThe methods to help those in need.3Which of th
41、e following led to a wider donation for his fund?AA report on his unnoticed gesture.BAn envelope with a letter in it.CA post of someones generous action.DA game between him and his customer.4What does the underlined word “contagious” in the last paragraph mean?ACritical.BInfluential.CPrecious.DOptim
42、istic.Passage 2（2023山东聊城统考三模）It was eight o clock on Christmas morning, and Uncle Tom said he wanted to listen to the news. My 11-year-old self was wondering why grown-ups would be interested in the news when there were important things to be done, such as handing out presents. However, while I was
43、only half-listening to the radio broadcast, I was confused that I had heard that report earlier.My older brother, Colin, figured out what was happening. “Pete, its a tape recorder! Weve got our tape recorder!” This was one of those rare moments when my inside gave an involuntary lurch (倾斜). Colin an
44、d I had both been blind from birth. In the late 1950s, tape recorders were definitely the top choice for blind kids, especially with the rise of rock n roll.But it wasnt the first time I had been attracted to a tape recorder. I vividly remember walking into a room when I was four and hearing a child
45、s beautiful singing. It turned out that my dad had borrowed a tape recorder for preparing his projects. And for the first time, in the same way that a sighted child might react to seeing themselves in a mirror or a photograph, I got the sense of myself as a separate person who existed outside my hea
46、d and was experienced by other people.Then I became a broadcaster at school. I would wander around the school with my microphone, recording my thoughts in the style of the voices I heard on the radio. But the biggest challenge was not finding things to do with the tape recorder but taking it away fr
47、om Colin. His generosity on the first day we got it did not extend to handing it over to his brother at school. “Youll break it,” he would say.But ten years later, I drew on the confidence gained from those early explorations of the sound and walked into a radio station, in the hopes of selling myse
48、lf as a broadcast journalist. Eight years later, I presented my first report for BBCs Six OClock News. I never thought that a Christmas present had changed my life.5Why did Uncle Tom probably listen to the news on Christmas morning?ATo keep up with the times.BTo carry on the holiday tradition.CTo create a happy festival mood.DTo surprise Colin and the author.6What did the author feel when first hearing a tape recorder at four?AHis interest in music.BHis love of broadcasting.CThe real existence of himself.DAn understanding of his father.7What was the