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1、武汉市2024届高中毕业生四月调研考试英 语 试 卷武汉市教育科学研究院命制 2024.4.25本试题卷共12页，67题。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。祝考试顺利注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30
2、分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt? A. 19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisthemanbusywith?A.Avisit.B.Aproject.C.Avideo.2.Whatdothespeakersplantodotomorrow?A.Gocam
3、ping.B.Dosomeshopping.C.Findablanket.3.Wherearethespeakersgoingto?A.Astation.B.Anothercountry.C.Theirhometown.4.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofJimmy?A.Silent.B.Caring.C.Hard-working.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Thenewlaws.B.Ahealthylifestyle.C.Profitableindustries.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
4、每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Brotherandsister.C.Husbandandwife.7.Whydoesthemanapologize?A.Formissingachance.B.Forbeinglate.C.FordoingLisaadamage.听第7段材料
5、，回答第8、9题。8.Whoisthewomanexpressingthanksto?A.Theman.B.Thefans.C.Thesponsor.9.Whatisprobablythewoman?A.Anonlinecelebrity.B.Atravelenthusiast.C.Amagazineeditor.听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。10.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Gofishing.B.Goshopping.C.Gosightseeing.11.Wherewillthespacerocketbelaunched?A.InTexas.B.InFlorida
6、.C.InNevada.12.WhatdoesthespeakersplantodoonSunday?A.Setoffearly.B.Restinahotel.C.Seethelaunch.13.Howdoesthegirlprobablyfeelaboutthetrip?A.Excited.B.Bored.C.Confused.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhendidthemancometotheUK?A. 3yearsago.B. 4yearsago.C. 5yearsago.15.Howdoesthemanrunhisbusinessatitsbeginning?A.Byh
7、iringmanystaff.B.Byservingthetables.C.Byworkingwithhiswife.16.Wheredoesthemanadvertisehisbusiness?A.OnTV.B.Inshoppingcenters.C.Onradioandnewspapers.17.Whatcontributestothemanssuccess?A.Thefoodprice.B.Thediningatmosphere.C.Therestaurantlocation.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhatistheGeocaching?A.Atreasurehunt
8、.B.AGPSdevice.C.Afitnesscoach.19.Whatdoweknowabouttheboxes?A.Theyarecontrolledremotely.B.Theycontainvarietiesofgoods.C.Theyareplacedintheneighborhood.20.HowdoesGeocachingbenefitthekids?A.Itdevelopstheirsocialskills.B.Itexposesthemtotraditions.C.Itmakesthemwillingtowalk.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题
9、2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Must-readNewFictionBooksWeallhaveafewtried-and-truefictionfavorites,buttheressomethingspecialaboutabrand-new, hot-off-the-pressnovel.Whetheritsyourfavoriteauthorsnewreleaseoranewwritersfirstwork,greatfiction booksmaketheperfectescapefromordinarylife.Thats
10、whyweveroundedupalistofthebestnewbooks releasedinFebruary.AgeofGoldbyJerryLapoorJerryLapoorslatestaction-packednovelunfoldslikeacrazymovie.Thisthrillerbegins when awealthy mans cargetsoutofcontrol.Butwhenthedustsettles,therichmanis nowheretobefound.Howandtowhere does hedisappear?Withanexcitingplotth
11、atwillcarry youfromold-moneyhousestosmallagricultural villages, Age ofColdwilltakeyouonanunforgettablerideacrossavastland.CityUnderOneSkybyRachelYoungInthebook,Youngpresentsacrimestorysetinasmalltown.DetectiveSaraKennedyhasbeensentto investigateacase.Butsoonafterarrival,Saragetssnowedinwiththe205tow
12、nsfolklivinginthesameapartment building.Whoishidingthekeytothecrime?Andisthereanyoneshecantrulytrust?Theappealingstory,strange butdistinctivecharactersandunexpectedplotarejustafewofthereasonswhyCityUnderOneSkygainsits popularity.LadybyJessGeorgeLadyisanirresistiblefictionfromJessGeorge.ThestoryofMar
13、ysfreshstartatadulthood isshotthrough with themes offamily,raceanddiscrimination,womanhoodandtheimmigrant realityoffeeling tornbetween cultures. ThoughstrugglingwithlifeinLondonasanAfrican, Maryjumpsateverychancetostandonherownfeet.21.WhatwillimpressthereadersinAgeofGold?A.Thethrillingplot.B.Traditi
14、onalcultures.C.Thefamilyconflict.D.Crazycharacters.22.WhathappenestoSaraKennedyinCityUnderOneSky?A.Sheistrappedinthesnow.B.Sheistoinvestigateacaseabroad.C.Shehidesthekeyevidence.D.Shehastroublediscoveringthetruth.23.WhichislikelytobethemainthemeofLady?A.Self-reliance.B.Genderequality.C.Domesticviole
15、nce.D.Cross-culturalcommunication.BBythelate1960s,abstractpainterHaroldCohenhadrepresentedBritainatimportantfestivalswithhisoil paintingsandwasseekinganewchallenge. “Maybetherearemoreinterestingthingsgoingon outsidemystudio than insideit,”hethought.Cohenturnedfromthecanvas(画布)tothescreen,usingcomput
16、erstofindnewways of creatingart.Inthelate1960s,hecreatedaprogramthathenamedAaron.Itwasthefirstartificialintelligence softwareintheworldoffineart,andCohenfirstpresentedAaronin1974attheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley. AaronsworkhassincegracedmuseumsfromtheTateGalleryinLondontotheSandFranciscoMuseumof
17、ModernArt.Now,withAIdominatingtheheadlines,anewexhibitionatNewYorksWhitneyMuseum ofAmericanArt, “Harold Cohen:Aaron,”runningthroughJune2024,drawsattentiontoCohenspioneeringwork. TheWhitneyis offering somethingdeeperthanmostpreviousAaronexhibits:areal-timeexperience,inwhichvisitorscan watch the softw
18、areproduceart.CohenseededAaronwithallsortsofknowledge:aboutbasicobjects,physics,andfundamentaltechniques of drawing.Aaronusesthisknowledgetofollowinstructions,completetasks,andmakedecisionslikehumanbeings - averydifferentapproachfromtodaysgenerativeAIartprograms,whichdontdrawfromscratch(从头开始) but ra
19、therrelyondatabasesofimages.VersionsofAaronstillgenerateoutput,butanythingdone afterCohens death in2016 isnotconsideredgenuine.TheWhitneyisshowcasingtwoversionsofCohenssoftware,alongwiththeartthateachproducedbefore Cohendied.The2001version,AaronKCAT,generatesimagesoffiguresandplantsandprojectsthemon
20、toawall more thantenfeethigh,whilethe2007versionproducesjungle-likescenes.Thesoftwarewillalsocreate art physically,onpaper,forthefirsttimesincethe1990s. “Itisabsolutelythrilling,” saidChristianePaul,the museums directorofdigitalart, “tohaveoneofthoseremarkabletreasuresofdigitalartinthecollection.”24
21、.WhatwasAaronbornoutof?A.Haroldscuriosity.B.Themuseumsdonation.C.Cohensimagination.D.Theuniversityssupport.25.WhatmakesAarondifferentfrommodernAIartprograms?A.Itsabilitytoassigntasks.B.Itsuseofmoderntechniques.C.Itscapabilitytomakechoices.D.Itsdependenceonexistingdatabase.26.Whatcanvisitorsdointhe “
22、HaroldCohen:Aaron”exhibition?A.Seetheoriginal1960sversionofAaron.B.GenerateimageswiththehelpofAaron.C.Learnaboutthephysicalrulesinart.D.ObserveAaroncreatingartonthespot.27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Themasterpiecesofdigitalart.B.AnewshowoftheartworldsfirstAI.C.ThelatesttechnologiesintheWhitney.D.Har
23、oldCohensimpactongenerativeAI.CPeruispreparedtoapprovenewlawsthatwouldmakeiteasiertoinvestigateandpunishresearcherswho engageinacademiccheating,includingpayingtohavetheirnamesaddedtoapaper.ThemovecomesasPerusnationalscienceagencyseekstocrackdownonauthorshipbuyingandother dishonestpractices.Itrecentl
24、yremovedtwoscientistsaccusedofdishonestpublicationsfromanationalregistry thatiskeytoreceivinggovernmentsponsor,jobpromotions,andsalarybonuses.Andofficialsareinvestigating morethan170otherresearchersataPeruvianmediareportclaimedwereinvolvedinacademicmisconduct, including72listednthenationalregistrywh
25、oworkat14universitiesinPeru.Thenewlawswillempoweruniversitiesandgovernmentofficialstopunishsuchbehavior.Dishonest publishingpractices “transcendmeremoralmisbehavior” becausetheyenableresearcherstoobtaingovernment and privatefundingwithouttellingthetruth,saysEdwardMlagaTrillo,amemberofCongresswhois t
26、he driving force behindthebills,whichlawmakersareexpectedtofinalizeearlythisyear. “Theseindividualsare operating academic cheating.”Perusacademiccommunityhasbeenstrugglingwitharisingtideoffalseauthorshipandrelatedproblems. One cause,someresearcherssay,isa2014lawthataimedtostimulateresearchbyrewardin
27、gresearchers who boost theirpublishingoutput.Forexample,underascoringsystemusedbyuniversities,researcherscanearnfive points forauthorshipinahigh-impactjournal,andtwopointswhenthejournalislowerimpact.Amassingpoints can bringbonuspaymentsandcareerpromotion.Signsofdishonestpublishingcanbeobvious,notesN
28、ahuelMonteblanco,presidentofCientificos.pe,a Peruviangroupthatinvestigatesmisconduct.ManyofthepaperscitedbyPuntoFinalhavenumerousco-authors fromdifferentnationswithfewpriorpublicationsonthesamesubject. “Ifyourcolleagueconsistently publishes20 articles ayearwithco-authorsfromothercountries,thatshighl
29、ysuspect,” Monteblancosays.28.WhatactiondidPerutakerecentlytoaddressacademiccheating?A.Fining72offendersforacademicdishonesty.B.Disqualifying2scientistsfromanationalregistry.C.Punishing170researchersforacademicmisconduct.D.Withdrawinggovernmentfundfrom14universities.29.Whichofthefollowingisclosestin
30、meaningto “transcend”inparagraph3?A.Change.B.Strengthen.C.Gobeyond.D.Approveof.30.Whatdoweknowaboutthe2014lawinPeru?A.Itadvocatedafairscoringsystem.B.Itappliedtohigh-impactjournals.C. Itledtoanincreaseinfalseauthorship.D.Itaimedtopunishdishonestpublishing.31.Themostsuspicionmightbegiventoaproductive
31、researcherwith _.A.careerpromotionB.consistentresearchfocusC.fewcitationsbyPuntoFinalD.co-authorsfromvariouscountriesDEvolution(进化)canperformextraordinarymakeovers;todaysairbornesongbirdsevolvedfrom thewingless, earthbound dinosaursthatwanderedmillionsofyearsago.Butsomeorganismsseemtobeunchangedinot
32、her words, escapenaturalselection.Thecoelacanth,amodern-dayfish,isnearlyidenticaltoits 410-million-year-old fossils.Scientistshavelongwonderedhowthesespeciesdoso.Ithasbeenassumedthatnaturalselectionkeepssome speciesunchangedbyselectingformoderateoraveragequalities(stabilizingselection)ratherthansele
33、ctingfor moreextremequalitiesthatwouldcauseaspeciestochange(directionalselection).ButastudypublishedintheNationalAcademyofSciencesUSAcontradictsthisidea,showingthatevolutionconstantlyfavorsdifferentqualitiesinseeminglyunchanginganimalstoimproveshort-termsurvival.Inthelong term,though, “allthatevolut
34、ioncancelsoutandleadstonochange,”saysthestudysleadauthor,JamesStroud.Stroudandhiscolleaguesstudiedfourlizard(蜥蜴)species,allrelativelyunchangedfor20millionyears. The researcherscaughtmembersofthesepopulationseverysixmonthsforthreeyears.Theymeasuredeachlizards headsize,leglength,massandheight,aswellas
35、thesizeofitsstickytoes(脚趾头),notingwhichindividuals survived. Stroudexpectedtoobservestabilizingselectionatworkpreservingmoderatequalities.Insteadhesaw clearer evidenceofdirectionalselection:somelizardswithuniquecharacteristics,suchasstickiertoes,survived better.Thestudyoffers “agoodexplanationforwhy
36、weseewhatwethinkisstabiliringselection,” says Tadashi Fukami, anecologiststudyingevolutionatStanfordUniversity.Manynewqualitiesareevolvingintheshortterm, but theydontprovideacrucialadvantageoverthelongterm.Inotherwords,speciesstayingunchangedmay simply havefoundthebestpossiblecombinationofqualitiesf
37、orlastingsuccessintheirenvironment.Sowhat happens whenthelizardsenvironmentchangesmoredramatically?Tohelpanswerthisbiggerquestion,Stroudis still makingtripstovisitthelizards.32.Whydoestheauthormentionthe “coelacanthfish”inparagraph1?A.Todemonstratethepowerofevolution.B.Toaddevidencetonaturalselectio
38、n.C.Togiveanexampleofunchangedspecies.D.Toprovespeciesextraordinarymakeovers.33.Whatsthefocusofparagraph2?A.Unsolvedmysteries.B.Acommonbelief.C.Asharpcontrast.D.UniqueCharacteristics.34.HowdidStroudconducthisresearch?A.Byanalyzinglizardfossils.B.Bytrackingresearchobjects.C.Byillustratingstabilizings
39、election.D.Bycategorizingqualitiesoflizards.35.WhatwillStroudprobablydointhefuture?A.Maketripstovisitlizardexperts.B.Summarizeaveragefeaturesoflizards.C.Revealthebestcombinationsofqualities.D.Examinelizardsunderextremeconditions.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Howt
40、ochargeanelectricvehicle(EV)isoneofthebiggestconcernspeoplehavewhenworkingoutwhether going electricisrightforthem.Itistruethatsometimesgainingaccesstoreliablechargingcanseema bit tricky. 36 .First,downloadanappwithacomprehensivemapofthepublicchargingpointsshowingtheirlocations,howpowerfultheyare,and
41、whethertheyreworking.Allthisisvitalinformation because,evenifyouhave public charging pointsnearby,youwillneedalternativesincasetheyreinuse. 37 .AgrowingnumberofpropertyownersarerentingouttheirchargingpointsanddrivewaystootherlocalEV driverswhentheyrenotusingthem. 38 . Thus,yourcargets charged,theownersmake money,and emissions are reduced. 39 . For