专题18 短文改错(解析版)-2023年高考真题和模拟题英语分项汇编(全国通用).docx

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1、专题18短文改错-2023年高考真题及模拟题汇编2023年高考真题 Test 1【2023年全国乙卷】Last Friday my mom decided to color his hair. She studied with all the hair products at the drugstore. The color she choose came in a box which had a picture of a woman that hair color looked just perfect. Mom was sure same color would look great on

2、 her. She put the new color on her hair or sat still for 30 minutes, just as the directions saying. However, instead of the brownish red hair she had hoped for, she final got purple hair. She went right into the shower to washing it, but it was no use. At least one thing proved truth: the color woul

3、dnt wash out.【答案】1. his her2. 删除with3. choose chose4. that whose5. same前加the6. or and7. saying said8. final finally9. washing wash10. truth true【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的妈妈自己染发的故事。【详解】1.考查代词。句意:上周五,我妈妈决定染头发。此处指“我妈妈染她的头发”,应用代词her。故his改为her。2.考查动词。句意:她研究了药店里所有的护发产品。study是及物动词,后面直接接宾语,介词with多余。故删除with。3

4、.考查时态。句意:她选的颜色装在一个盒子里,盒子里有一张女人的照片,她的头发颜色看起来非常完美。此处是定语从句的谓语动词,由上文Last Friday可知,应用一般过去时。故choose改为chose。4.考查定语从句。句意:她选的颜色装在一个盒子里,盒子里有一张女人的照片,她的头发颜色看起来非常完美。此处是限定性定语从句,先行词是woman,关系词在从句中作hair的定语,应用关系代词whose引导。故that改为whose。5.考查冠词。句意:妈妈确信同样的颜色在她身上会很好看。same前常加定冠词。故same前加the。6.考查连词。句意:她把头发染成新的颜色,静静地坐了30分钟,就像说

5、明书上说的那样。此处是并列顺承关系,不存在选择关系。故or改为and。7.考查动词时态。句意:她把头发染成新的颜色,静静地坐了30分钟,就像说明书上说的那样。as引导方式状语从句,由语境可知,句子陈述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。故saying改为said。8.考查副词。句意:然而,她最终得到的不是她所希望的棕红色头发,而是紫色的头发。此处修饰动词got,应用副词,作状语。故final改为finally。9.考查非谓语动词。句意:她直接走进淋浴间去洗,但是没有用。此处不定式表目的,应用动词原形。故washing改为wash。10.考查形容词。句意:至少有一件事被证明是正确的:这种颜色洗不掉。

6、prove为系动词,表示“证明是”,后接形容词。故truth改为true。Test 2【2023年全国甲卷】I used to afraid of insects, but last Friday s biology class make a big change in me. In that class, Miss Zhao, our biology teacher, showed we insects on stamps. The bees, butterfly and many other insects looked lovely and beautifully on the stam

7、ps. Miss Zhao told us the names of the insects or described their living habits. She even played some recordings of their singing, what was fun. Now, Ive come to love those of small living things. In the evening, when I take the walk in the school garden, the singing of insects become more meaningfu

8、l to me.【答案】1.to后添加be2.makemade3.weus4.butterflybutterflies5.beautifullybeautiful6.orand7.whatwhich8.删除of9.thea10.becomebecomes【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经害怕昆虫,但是上星期五的生物课使作者觉得昆虫也很有趣。【详解】1.考查固定短语。句意:我过去害怕昆虫,但是上星期五的生物课使我发生了很大的变化。表示“害怕”短语为be afraid of,此处为used to do sth.。故to后添加be。2.考查时态。句意:我过去害怕昆虫,但是上星期五

9、的生物课使我发生了很大的变化。事情发生在上周五,故用一般过去时。故make改为made。3.考查代词。句意:在那节课上,我们的生物老师赵老师给我们看了邮票上的昆虫。作动词show的宾语,应用宾格us。故we改为us。4.考查名词的数。蜜蜂、蝴蝶和许多其他昆虫在邮票上看起来可爱而美丽。句意:根据上文The bees可知,此处应用复数形式。故butterfly改为butterflies。5.考查形容词。句意:蜜蜂、蝴蝶和许多其他昆虫在邮票上看起来可爱而美丽。系动词lovely后跟形容词beautiful,作表语。故beautifully改为beautiful。6.考查连词。句意:赵老师给我们讲了昆

10、虫的名字,并描述了它们的生活习性。此处前后文为并列关系,应用连词and。故or改为and。7.考查定语从句。句意:她甚至播放了一些它们唱歌的录音,这很有趣。此处非限制性定语从句修饰singing,从句缺少主语,指物,在故what改为which。8.考查介词。句意:现在,我开始喜欢上那些小生物了。those后可以直接跟small living things作定语,不需要介词。故删除of。9.考查冠词。句意:晚上,当我在学校的花园里散步时,昆虫的歌声对我来说变得更有意义。表示“散步”短语为take a walk。故the改为a。10.考查主谓一致。句意:晚上,当我在学校的花园里散步时,昆虫的歌声对

11、我来说变得更有意义。此处为一般现在时,主语为the singing of insects,谓语用三单形式。故become改为becomes。2023年名校模拟题Test 11(2023江西江西师大附中校考三模)I find it interested that many great or success people come from a poor family. This proves that being poor not always a bad thing. In some way, it may be very precious to you, because of difficu

12、lt situations will make you a person of strong character, upon what you can depend for success. So dont feel sorry if you were a student from a poor family. Work hard and they will have a great future although other have rich parents. In a word, it isnt matter where you come from if you have a posit

13、ive attitude to life. So, when life gives you 100 reasons to cry, showing life that you have 1, 000 reasons to smile.【答案】1.interestedinteresting 2.successsuccessful 3.在poor后加is 4.去掉because后的of5.whatwhich 6.wereare 7.theyyou 8.otherothers 9.isntdoesnt 10.showingshow【导语】本文是一篇议论文,主要讲的是贫穷可能是宝贵的,可以使你成为一个

14、性格坚强的人,你可以依靠它来取得成功。【详解】1.考查形容词。句意:我发现有趣的是,许多伟大或成功的人来自一个贫穷的家庭。“find it+形容词+that.”是固定短语,意为“发现某事是的”,其中it是形式宾语,that从句是宾语从句,许多伟大或成功的人来自一个贫穷的家庭这件事是有趣的,用修饰物的-ing结尾的形容词interesting作宾补,修饰it,故将interested改为interesting。2.考查形容词。句意:我发现有趣的是,许多伟大或成功的人来自一个贫穷的家庭。修饰名词people要用形容词successful,意为“成功的”,作定语,故将success改为success

15、ful。3.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:这证明贫穷并不总是一件坏事。that引导的宾语从句中being poor是主语,句中缺少be动词,根据句意可知,句子描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,动名词being poor作主语时,be动词用is,故在poor后加is。4.考查状语从句。句意:在某种程度上,它对你来说可能是非常宝贵的,因为困难的处境会使你成为一个性格坚强的人,你可以依靠它来取得成功。because of后跟名词或名词短语,“difficult situations will make you a person of strong character, upon what you can

16、depend for success”是句子,用because,引导原因状语从句,故去掉because后的of。5.考查定语从句。句意:在某种程度上,它对你来说可能是非常宝贵的,因为困难的处境会使你成为一个性格坚强的人,你可以依靠它来取得成功。“upon what you can depend for success”是“介词+which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词strong character是物,因此关系代词用which,故将what改为which。6.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:所以,如果你是一个来自贫困家庭的学生,不要感到遗憾。句子遵循主将从现的原则,if从句中用一般现在

17、时,主语是you,其后用are,故将were改为are。7.考查代词。句意:努力工作,你会有一个美好的未来,虽然别人有富有的父母。根据语境可知,句子表示“努力工作,你会有一个美好的未来,虽然别人有富有的父母”,主语是“你”,用you,故将they改为you。8.考查代词。句意:努力工作,你会有一个美好的未来,虽然别人有富有的父母。根据语境可知,此处表示“别人有富有的父母”,“别人”不止一个,other要用复数,故将other改为others。9.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:总之,如果你对生活有积极的态度,你来自哪里并不重要。matter是实义动词,意为“重要”,句子描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时

18、,否定含义,主语it是第三人称单数,因此其后助动词用doesnt,故将isnt改为doesnt。10.考查祈使句。句意:所以,当生活给你100个哭泣的理由时,你就拿出1000个微笑的理由给它看。根据语境和句意可知,“showing life that you have 1, 000 reasons to smile”是祈使句,showing要改为动词原形,故将showing改为show。Test 2(2023河南校联考模拟预测)Qingming Festival is one of most important traditional festivals in China. It falls

19、on April 4th or 5th, where most Chinese people enjoy a public holiday. Qingming Festival was also called Tomb Sweeping Day. It is the time for Chinese people to showing respect for their ancestors by cleaning their ancestors tombs and place offerings. In addition to, Qingming in Chinese means “clear

20、ness” or “brightness”. It is the fifth of the 24 solar term of the traditional Chinese solar calendar. Beside, it also marks the start of the warm weather of spring and the beginning of busily farming season.【答案】1. most前面加the 2. where when 3. was is 4. showing show 5. place placing6. 去掉addition后面的to

21、 7. or and 8. term terms 9. Beside Besides 10. busily busy【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了清明节的相关内容。【详解】1.考查定冠词。句意:清明节是中国最重要的传统节日之一。分析句子可知,此处是最高级,应使用定冠词进行修饰。故在most前加the。2. 考查定语从句。句意:端午节一般在4月4日或5日,这是大多数中国人享受公共假期的时候。分析句子可知,该句是非限制性定语从句,先行词是April 4th or 5th,表示时间,且在从句中作时间状语,应使用关系副词when。故将where改为when。3. 考查时态。句意:清明节也叫扫墓节。

22、结合上下文语境可以判断,该句在陈述一般事实,应该使用一般现在时。故将was改为is。4. 考查非谓语动词。句意:这是中国人通过清理祖先的坟墓和供奉祭品来表达对祖先的尊重的时候。分析句子可知,此处是固定句式it is the time for sb to do sth,意为“是做的时候”。故将showing改为show。5. 考查非谓语动词。句意:这是中国人通过清理祖先的坟墓和供奉祭品来表达对祖先的尊重的时候。分析句子可知,此与上文cleaning并列,都是介词by的宾语,应使用v-ing形式。故将place改为placing。6. 考查介词。句意:此外,清明汉语的意思是“清晰”和“亮度”。分析

23、句子可知,此处是固定短语in addition(除此之外),in addition与in addition to都是表示并列关系的短语,有宾语的时候才需要介词to。故去掉addition后面的to。7. 考查连词。句意:此外,清明汉语的意思是“清晰”和“亮度”。根据句意可知,上下文是并列关系,而非选择关系。故将or改为and。8. 考查名词复数。句意:这是中国阳历24节气中的第五个节气。根据上文数字24可知,后文中的名词应使用复数形式,此处应用term的复数形式。故将term改为terms。9. 考查副词。句意:此外,它也标志着温暖的春天的开始和繁忙的农业季节的开始。分析句子可知,此处表示“此

24、外”,应使用副词besides,修饰整个句子。故将Beside改为Besides。10. 考查形容词。句意:此外,它也标志着温暖的春天的开始和繁忙的农业季节的开始。分析句子可知,此处用形容词作定语,修饰名词farming season。故将busily改为busy。Test 3(2022四川泸州校联考模拟预测)One day, my younger brother and I had planned to make a dragon kite. First we found two straight stick of the same long. We tied them with a pie

25、ce of string on the shape of a cross. Then we tied the four ends of the cross together. After that, we drew a beautifully dragon on a piece of cloth, spread it, glued it around the cross. At last, we stuck a tail making of paper to one of the corners and tied a long string to a center. On the follow

26、ing wind day, we took the kite to a hill near their house and flew it.【答案】1. 去掉planned前的had 2. stick sticks 3. long length4. on in 5. beautifully beautiful6. glued前加and 7. making made8. a the 9. wind windy10. their our【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和弟弟一起制作风筝的过程。【详解】1. 考查时态。句意:有一天,我和弟弟打算做一只龙风筝。根据句中的时间状语“One day

27、”可知,这里陈述的是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,谓语动词应用过去式。故将planned前的had去掉。2. 考查名词复数。句意:首先,我们找到了两根同样长的直棍。stick“枝条,棍”为可数名词,再根据句中的“two”可知,这里应用其复数形式。故将stick改为sticks。3.考查名词。句意参考上题。“of+名词”相当于形容词,再根据“the same”可知,其后应用名词。length“长度”符合题意。故将long改成length。4. 考查介词。句意:我们用一根绳子把它们系成十字架的形状。in the shape of“呈的形状”为固定搭配。故将on改为in。5. 考查形容词。句意:之

28、后,我们在一块布上画了一条漂亮的龙,把它铺开,并粘在十字架上。这里应用形容词修饰名词dragon。beautiful“漂亮的”符合题意。故将beautifully改为beautiful。6. 考查连词。句意参考上题。drew,,spread和glued之间是顺承关系,应用并列连词and连接三个谓语结构。故在glued前加and。7. 考查非谓语动词。句意:最后,我们把一条纸做的尾巴粘在其中一个角上,并在中心绑上一根长绳子。动词make和a tail之间是动宾关系,应用过去分词。故将making改为made。8. 考查冠词。句意参考上题。这里特指风筝四个角的中心,应用定冠词。故将a改为the。9

29、. 考查形容词。句意:在第二个刮风的一天,我们把风筝带到我们家附近的一座小山上放了起来。这里应用形容词修饰名词day。windy“多风的,刮风的”符合题意。故将wind改为windy。10. 考查形容词性物主代词。句意参考上题。根据句中的“we”可知,这里是说我们把风筝带到我们家附近的一座小山上。应用our“我们的”。故将their改为our。Test 4(2023四川成都模拟预测)This morning, I got up very early because I was worried about my beans what I put in the basin the other da

30、ys. When I remove the towel on the basin, my face lit up with laughter immediately. The original soybeans became big with less water, like little babies with full stomachs, lying comfortable. The delicate germs (萌芽) covered with transparent clothes. After supper, I couldnt wait to open the towel aga

31、in. Some of the beans broke out their clothes. A small bud grew on one side of the bean. It looked like a little doll stretched out one arm, waving to me. Ah! I was exciting then. The sprouts eventually came out, but I tasted the joy of success.【答案】1. whatwhich/that 2. daysday 3. removeremoved 4. bi

32、gbiggerfortablecomfortably 6.covered 前面加were 7.去掉broke后面的out 8. stretched stretching9. excitingexcited 10.butso/and【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者豆芽的生长过程。【详解】1.考查定语从句。句意:今天早上,我起得很早,因为我担心我几天前放在盆里的豆子。分析句子,此处包含限制性定语从句,先行词为my beans,指物,关系词在定语从句中作宾语,所以用关系代词which或that引导。故将what改为which/that。2.考查名词的数。句意:今天早上,我起得很早,因为我担

33、心我几天前放在盆里的豆子。“几天前”,用the other day。故将days改为day。3.考查时态。句意:当我把盆上的毛巾拿开的时候,我的脸上立刻露出了笑容。根据全文的描述是过去时态,谓语动词remove用一般过去时。故将remove改为removed。4.考查形容词比较级。句意:原来的大豆用更少的水变得更大,就像饱腹的小婴儿一样,舒服地躺着。根据全文可知,作者描述豆子变成豆芽的过程。此处要用形容词big的比较级作表语,表示“原来的豆子现在变得更大了”。故将big改为bigger。5.考查副词。句意:原来的大豆用更少的水变得更大,就像饱腹的小婴儿一样,舒服地躺着。修饰现在分词lying,

34、用副词comfortably作状语。故将comfortable改为comfortably。6.考查时态语态。句意:纤弱的萌芽被透明的外衣盖住了。根据全文的描述是过去时态,主语The delicate germs为复数,与谓语动词cover之间为被动关系,用一般过去时的被动语态,复数形式。故在covered前面加were。7.考查动词的用法。句意:有些豆子冲破外衣。broke out意为“爆发”,此处指,豆子发芽冲破外衣,用broke。故去掉broke后面的out。8.考查非谓语动词。句意:它们看起来像一个洋娃娃伸出手臂向我招手。句中已有谓语,所以stretch用非谓语动词形式。名词a litt

35、le doll与stretch之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词短语作后置定语。故将stretched改为stretching。9.考查形容词。句意:我当时很兴奋。主语是人I,所以用修饰人的-ed形式形容词excited作表语。故将exciting改为excited。10.考查连词。句意:豆芽终于出来了,(所以)我尝到了成功的滋味。根据句意可知,前后含有因果或顺承关系,所以用并列连词so或and。故将but改为so/and。Test 5(2023河南统考二模)In the past few years, it has noticed that a number of people watching

36、 short videos is significantly increasing. The main reason behind the popularity of short videos is because people dont have enough time to watch long ones because theyre burying in their work and study. Besides, short videos contain information which are easy to understand. Therefore, the accuracy

37、of the information cant be guaranteed, for that people will waste much time if they are absorbed in thousands of short videos. In my opinions, watching short videos can be efficiently. We should set a time limit. Moreover, we must be cautious about the content because of its inaccuracy does exist.【答

38、案】1.在noticed前加been 2.athe 3.becausethat 4.buryingburied 5.areis6.ThereforeHowever 7.thatwhich 8.opinionsopinion 9.efficientlyefficient 10.将of去掉【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了短视频流行的原因以及作者的看法。【详解】1.考查被动语态。句意:在过去的几年里,人们注意到观看短视频的人数正在显著增加。形式主语It和谓语动词notice为被动关系,需用被动语态,此处为现在完成时的被动语态。故在noticed前面加been。2.考查冠词。句意同上。表示“的数

39、量”应用固定短语the number of,a number of表示“大量的”。故将a改为the。3.考查表语从句。句意:短视频流行的主要原因是人们没有足够的时间看长视频,因为他们埋头工作和学习。is后接表语从句,从句不缺成分,需用连接词that引导。故将because改为that。4.考查固定短语。句意同上。be buried in为固定短语,意为“埋头于”。故将burying改为buried。5.考查主谓一致。句意:此外,短视频包含的信息很容易理解。定语从句中作主语的which指代先行词information,是不可数名词,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故将are改为is。6.考查副词。

40、句意:然而,信息的准确性是无法保证的,因为如果人们被成千上万的短视频所吸引,会浪费很多时间。上文提到“短视频包含的信息很容易理解”,下文提到“信息的准确性是无法保证的”,上下文之间是转折关系,需用副词however,首字母大写。故将Therefore改为However。7.考查定语从句。句意同上。逗号后是非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面的句子,关系词在定语从句中作for的宾语,需用关系代词which引导。故将that改为which。8.考查名词。句意:在我看来,看短视频可以提高效率。in my opinion为固定短语,意为“在我看来”。故将opinions改为opinion。9.考查形容词。句

41、意同上。此处应为形容词efficient,作表语。故将efficiently改为efficient。10.考查介词。句意:此外,我们必须对内容保持谨慎,因为它的不准确性确实存在。because后面加的是句子,应用because引导原因状语从句。故将of去掉。Test 6(2023陕西西安陕西师大附中校考二模)Are students grades matter of personal privacy? Should test score be made public? Opinions vary from person to person. I think its good to recogn

42、ize for the top scorers they will be inspired and keep try to maintain their high grades. There are some disadvantages, therefore, for the low performers. Some say they are greatly discouraged and feel depressed. But competition is a lifes skill that needed to be learned to be successful in the real

43、 world. The earlier, the better. Regardless of the type of competition, it will keep them motivating. It is not just about winning or losing; it is also about when they get involved, enjoy the process and improve them.【答案】1.在matter前面加a 2.scorescores 3.将for去掉 4.trytrying 5.thereforehowever6.lifeslife

44、 7.neededneeds 8.motivatingmotivated 9.whenhow 10.themthemselves【导语】本文是议论文。文章论述了公布考试成绩的利弊,作者强调重要的是如何让学生保持积极性。【详解】1.考查冠词。句意:学生的成绩是个人隐私的问题吗?此处是短语 a matter of.“一个的问题”。故在matter前加a。2.考查名词。句意:考试成绩应该公开吗?score为可数名词,此处表示泛指,且没有冠词限定,需用名词复数形式。故将score改为scores。3.考查介词。句意:我认为认可最好的得分者是件好事他们会受到鼓舞,并继续努力保持他们的高分。recogni

45、ze为及物动词,后面直接加宾语,for是多余的。故将for去掉。4.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。keep doing“继续做”,后接动名词做宾语。故将try改为trying。5.考查副词。句意:然而,对于成绩低分的学生来说,有一些不利之处。前一句提到“its good to ”,后一句提到“There are some disadvantages”,前后两个句子之间为语义上的转折,应用however表示转折;therefore表示因果关系。故将therefore改为however。6.考查名词。句意:但竞争是一种生活技能,要想在现实世界中获得成功,就必须学会(这种生活技能)。life skill

46、为固定短语,意为“生活技能“,此处名词life作定语。故将lifes改为life。7.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:但竞争是一种生活技能,要想在现实世界中获得成功,就必须学会(这种生活技能)。分析句子结构,“that needed to be learned to be successful in the really world”是定语从句,need是定语从句中的谓语动词,此处陈述客观事实,使用一般现在时;先行词a life skill是单数意义,在从句中作主语,因此need应用单数第三人称形式。故将needed改为needs。8.考查过去分词。句意:无论哪种类型的竞争,这都将让他们保持积极

47、性。此处是“keep+宾语+过去分词作宾语补足语”结构;宾语them和motivate之间为逻辑上的被动关系, 因此用过去分词作宾语补足语。故将motivating改为motivated。9.考查从属连词。句意:这不仅仅有关输赢,也关于他们如何参与其中、享受过程并提升自我。根据句意,此处应用how引导宾语从句,意思为“如何,怎样”。故将when改为how。10.考查代词。句意:这不仅仅有关输赢,也关于他们如何参与其中、享受过程并提升自己。宾语从句的主语是they;作宾语的代词与主语为同一对象时用其反身代词形式,因此此处应用反身代词themselves。故将them改为themselves。Te

48、st 7(2023河南校联考模拟预测)Im Li Hua, chairman of our School Student Union. Im awfully sorry to hear that a horribly earthquake unexpectedly hit your hometown last week.I want to take this opportunity to send my deepest sympathetic to the people who are suffering from it and to all those whom have lost their loved ones. Thought about your present situation, and we cannot wait a minute to m

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