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1、GlobalWarmingEnglishOverviewofGlobalWarmingGreenhousegasemissionsEvidenceofglobalwarmingMeasurestoaddressglobalwarmingInternationalCooperationandPolicyPersonalactionsandparticipationOverviewofGlobalWarming01GlobalwarmingreferstothephenomenonwheretheaveragetemperatureoftheEarthcontinuestorise.Themain
2、characteristicsofglobalwarmingincludeanincreaseinEarthsaveragetemperature,glaciermelting,risingsealevels,andanincreaseinthefrequencyandintensityofextremeclimateevents.DefinitionandcharacteristicsThemaincauseofglobalwarmingistheincreaseingreenhousegasemissionscausedbyhumanactivities.Humanactivities,s
3、uchasburningfossilfuelsanddeforestation,releaselargeamountsofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegases,leadingtoanexacerbationofthegreenhouseeffectandultimatelycausingglobalwarming.ThecausesofglobalwarmingGlobalwarminghasawide-rangingimpactonnaturalecosystemsandhumansociety.Globalwarmingmayleadtoanincrea
4、seinthefrequencyandintensityofextremeclimateevents,suchasfloodsanddroughts;Negativeimpactsonagricultureandfisheries;Anditleadstospeciesextinctionandadecreaseinbiodiversity.Meanwhile,globalwarmingwillexacerbatepovertyandsocialinequality,andhavefar-reachingimpactsontheglobaleconomy.Theimpactofglobalwa
5、rmingGreenhousegasemissions02Carbondioxideisthemostabundantgreenhousegasemittedfromhumanactivities,mainlythroughtheburningoffossilfuelsIthasalongatmosphericlifetime,allowingittoaccumulateintheatmosphereandtrapheat,leadingtoglobalwarmingCarbondioxideemissionsareresponsibleforapproximately80%oftheradi
6、alforcingcausedbyallgreenhousegasesCarbondioxideMethaneisagreenhousegasthatismorepotentialthancarbondioxideintrappingheatMethaneemissionsareresponsibleforabout16%oftheradialforcingcausedbyallgreenhousegasesItisinvitedfromnaturalsourcessuchaswetlandsandanimalhusbandry,aswellashumanactivitieslikericec
7、ultivation,landfills,andnaturalgasproductionMethaneNitrogenoxidesareexcitedfromcombustionprocessessuchasvehicleexhaustsandpowerplantsTheycontributetotheformationofgroundlevelzone,aharshairpollutantthatcancauserespiratoryproblemsNitrogenoxidesalsoreactwithotheratmosphericcompoundstoformacidrain010203
8、NitrogenoxideCFCs(Chlorofluorocarbons)CFCsaresyntheticgreenhousegasesthatwereusedinvariousapplicationslikereflectionandaerosolsTheyhavebeenphasedoutundertheMontrealProtocolduetotheirroleinunfoldingtheozonelayerCFCshavealongatmosphericlifetimeandareresponsibleforabout5%oftheradialforcingcausedbyallgr
9、eenhousegasesEvidenceofglobalwarming03VSGlaciersareretreatingatanincreasingrate,losingmassandshrinkinginsizeThisisduetowarmingtemperatures,whichisduetoicetomeltandglacierstoreceiveGlaciermeltingisakeyindicatorofglobalwarming,asGlaciersaresensitivetochangesintemperatureTheretryofglaciersiscontributin
10、gtosealevelriskandaffectingwaterresourcesinmanyregionsGlaciermeltingSealevelriskisadirectresultofglobalwarningAstheEarthstemperatureincreases,thepolaricecapsandglaciersmelt,causingsealevelstoriseSealevelriseposesasignificantthreattocoastalcitiesandlowlyingareas,asitcanleadtoflooding,erosion,andplace
11、mentofpeopleRisingsealevelsalsoaffectmarineecosystemsandinfrastructureSealevelriseExtremeweathereventssuchasheatwaves,droughts,floods,andstormsarebecomingmorefrequentandintensiveduetoglobalwarmingTheseeventsarecausedbychangesinatmosphericcirculationpatternsandtemperaturegradients,whichareinfluencedb
12、yrisinggreenhousegasemissionsExtremeweathereventshavenegativeimpactsonhumanhealth,infrastructure,andtheenvironmentExtremeweathereventsGlobalwarmingisdrivingspecificationsextractionandcausingsignificantchangestoecosystemsAstemperaturesrise,somespecificationsareunabletoadaptquicklyenoughtothechanginge
13、nvironmentandfaceextensionEcosystemsarealsoexperiencingshiftsinspecificationscomposition,range,andbackgroundThiscanleadtoalossofbiodiversityanddisruptecologicalbalanceThelossofspecificationsandecosystemshasnegativeimplicationsforhumanwellbeingandsustainabledevelopmentSpecificationsextractionandecosy
14、stemchangesMeasurestoaddressglobalwarming04要点三CarbondioxideemissionsImplementingpoliciestoenhancethereductionofcarbondioxideemissionsfromfossilfuels,suchastaxationoncarbonemissionsorpromotingcleanenergysources要点一要点二MetalemissionsInvestingintechnologiesandpracticestoreducemetalemissionsfromagricultur
15、e,landfills,andnaturalgasproductionNitrousoxideemissionsPromotingsustainableagriculturalpracticesthatreduceNitrousoxideemissionsfromfertilizeruse要点三ReducinggreenhousegasemissionsEnergysavingappliancesEnhancingtheproductionandpurchaseofenergyeffectiveappliances,suchasLEDlights,effectiveairconditionin
16、gandheatingsystemsEnergysavingbuildingsAdoptingenergysavingdesignfeaturesinnewbuildingsandretrofittingexistingbuildingstoimprovetheirenergyefficiencyTransportationefficiencyPromotingpublictransportation,cycling,walking,andpoolingtoreduceindividualvehicleemissionsImprovingenergyefficiency Developingr
17、enewableenergySolarenergyInvestinginsolarpaneltechnologyandsupportingpoliciesthatencodethewidespreadduseofsolarenergyWindenergyDevelopingwindturbinetechnologyandestablishingwindfarmstogeneratecleanenergyGeothermalenergyExploringanddevelopinggeothermalresourcestoprovidecleanheatandpowerPlantingnewfor
18、estsPromotingtheplanningofnewforestsondeforestedlandtoabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheatmosphereForestpreservationEncouragingtheprotectionofexistingforestsbypromotingsustainableloggingpracticesandpreventingdeforestationAfforestationandForestProtectionInternationalCooperationandPolicy051992UnitedNationsFra
19、mewoThisagreementwassignedattheEarthSummitinRiodeJaneiroandenteredintoforceon21March1994Itcommitsitspartstolimitgreenhousegasemissionsandpromotesustainabledevelopment要点一要点二2015ParisAgreementThisagreementwasadoptedatthe21stConferenceofthePartiestotheUNFCCCinParis,France,andenteredintoforceon4November
20、2016Itaimstolimitglobalwarmingtowellbelow2Cabovepreindustriallevelsandpusheffectstolimititto1.5CInternationalClimateAgreementNationalclimatepolicySomecountrieshaveimplementedcarbontaxes,whichareleftonemittersofgreenhousegasesThetaxesaredesignedtoresourceemitterstoreducetheiremissionsandprovidegovern
21、mentrevenueforclimatechangemitigationmeasuresCarbontaxesManycountrieshaveimplementedpoliciestoenrichthedevelopmentanduseofrenewableenergysources,suchassolar,wind,andhydroelectricpowerThesepoliciesoftenincludesubsidiaries,taxincentives,andmandatesforacertainpercentageofrenewableenergyinthenationalene
22、rgymixRenewableenergypoliciesEnvironmentalreportingCorporationsareincreasinglyrequiredtoreportontheirenvironmentalimpacts,includinggreenhousegasemissions,wateruse,andwastegenerationThesereportsareoftenpreparedinaccordancewithinternationalstandardssuchastheGlobalReportingInitiative(GRI)ortheCarbonDis
23、closureProject(CDP)GreenconsumerConsumersarebecomingmoreawareoftheenvironmentalimpactsofproductsandservicesandareincreasinglydemandingsustainablealternativesCorporationsarerespondingbyofferingmoreenvironmentallyfriendlyproductsandservicesandbyengaginginsustainablebusinesspracticesCorporateSocialResp
24、onsibilityandSustainableDevelopmentPersonalactionsandparticipation06EnhanceenvironmentalawarenessJoinorsupportenvironmentalorganizations,participateinenvironmentalactivities,andworktogetherwithotherstopromoteenvironmentalprotection.ParticipateinenvironmentUnderstandingthecauses,impacts,andresponseme
25、thodsofglobalwarmingisthefoundationforraisingenvironmentalawareness.UnderstandingthebasicconceptsofglobalwarmingFollowenvironmentalnews,reports,andscientificresearchtounderstandthelatesttrendsandresponsemeasuresonglobalwarming.PayattentiontoenvironmentalnewsandinformationEnergyconservationandemissio
26、nreductionIndailylife,trytoreduceenergyconsumptionasmuchaspossible,suchassavingwaterandelectricity.GreentravelChoosegreenmodesoftransportationsuchaspublictransportation,cycling,orwalkingtoreduceprivatecartravel.ReasonableuseofelectricalappliancesTrytominimizetheuseofhighenergyconsumingappliancesandm
27、akereasonableuseofelectricalequipmentsuchasairconditioningandtelevision.ReduceenergyconsumptionCyclingorwalkingChoosecyclingorwalkingforshorttripsorsuitabletravelconditions.GreentravelsoftwareUsegreentravelsoftwaresuchascarpoolingandbikesharingtoreducevehicleemissions.PublictransportationPriorityshouldbegiventopublictransportationsuchasbuses,subways,etc.ChoosegreenmodesoftransportationTHANKS感谢观看