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1、2023年全国新课标I卷高考英语真题及答案本试卷共12页。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在 考生信息条形码粘贴区。2 .选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0. 5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字 体工整、笔迹清楚。3 .请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效； 在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。4 .作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。5 .保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分 听力（-20小题）在笔试结束后进行。
2、第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABike Rental & Guided ToursWelcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks,
3、 squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.Why MacBikeMacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2, 500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure the
4、re is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake （杀U 车），bikes with hand brake and gears （排挡），bikes with child seats, and children, s bikes.Prices birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and l
5、ess soup, and the wrappers are pressed 40 hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 41 (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of 42 (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with 43 touch of sweetness and t
6、he soup hot, clear and delicious.No matter where I buy them, one steamer is 44 (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left 45 (want) more next time.第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46. 假定你是李华，外教Ryan准备将学生随机分为两人一组，让大家课后练习口语，你 认为这样分组存在问题。请你给外教写一封邮件，内容包括；1 .说明问题；2 .提出建议。注意：1 .写作词数应为80个左右：2 ,请按如下
7、格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Ryan,1, m Li Hua from Class 3.Yours sincerely,Li Hua第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest. I said no without thinking. T did not love writing. My family came fromBrazil, so Engli
8、sh was only my second language. Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play, where I played all the parts. No one laughed harder than he did.So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at which
9、 I was sure to fail? His reply: uBecause I love your stories. If you re willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this. Encouraged by his words, I agreed to give it a try.I chose Paul Revere? s horse as my subject. Paul Revere was a silversmith （专艮 匠）in Boston who rode a horse at ni
10、ght on April 18, 1775 to Lexington to warn people that British soldiers were coming. My story would come straight from the horse s mouth. Not a brilliant idea, but funny; and unlikely to be anyone else s choice.What did the horse think, as he sped through the night? Did he get tired? Have doubts? Di
11、d he want to quit? I sympathized immediately. I got tired. I had doubts. I wanted to quit. But, like Revere s horse, I kept going. I worked hard. I checked my spelling. I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. I checked out a half dozen books on Paul Revere from the library. I even read a few
12、of them.When I handed in the essay to my teacher, he read it, laughed out loud, and said, “Great, Now, write it again. I wrote it again, and again and again. When I finally finished it, the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing. If I didn t win, I wouldn t care.注意：1 .续写词数应为150
13、个左右；2 .请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news.I went to my teachers office after the award presentation.参考答案本试卷共12页。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在 考生信息条形码粘贴区。2 .选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0. 5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字 体工整、笔迹清楚。3 .请按照题号
14、顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效； 在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。4 .作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。5 .保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分 听力（1-20小题）在笔试结束后进行。第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。l.B2.C3. D4.C5.D6.B7. A8.B9. A10. C11. A12. B13. D14. C15. D第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.
15、 5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为 多余选项。16. D 17. B 18. F 19. C 20. G第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。21. D22. A23. D24. A25. C26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. B31. C32. D33. A34. C35. B第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）36. tasty37. to bite38. or39. recognize
16、d40. by41. to be lifted42. their43. a44. rarely 45.wanting第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46. Dear Ryan,I m Li Hua from Class 3. I think it s not a good idea to randomly pair up students for the spoken English training after class. The reasons are as follows.To begin with, randomly pairing up students m
17、ay lead to unbalanced language abilities within the groups. This can hinder the progress of students as the more advanced one may dominate the conversation, leaving little room for the other students to improve. Besides, students may feel uncomfortable or less motivated if paired with someone who th
18、ey don t get along with or have difficulty communicating with.My suggestion is to group students based on their language abilities or to let students choose their own partners. This way, everyone can feel more comfortable practicing and improving their spoken English together.Thank you for consideri
19、ng my suggestion.Yours sincerely, Li Hua第二节（满分25分）47. A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news. I was informed that I won the first prize in the writing contest and that there would be an award presentation in two days. I was so happy to hear the news that I immediate
20、ly shared it with my teacher. I knew you d win! I am proud of you. You made it! ” he said excitedly. Then came the big day. When I was invited to the stage to receive the award, I expressed my thanks to my teacher. I said, It s you who make me fall in love with writing, my social studies teacher. Wi
21、thout your recognition and guidance, I couldn t have written this article. Again thank you very much!”I went to my teacher? s office after the award presentation. My teacher was waiting for me. Holding my hands, he said Congratulations! You are a good writer, so keep writing. ” You know I didn t lik
22、e writing before, but now I am crazy about it! I will try my best to create good works. I said seriously. Since then, I have written many good works and now I am a famous writer. I owe my success to my social teacher who is a beacon in my life on the road to writing.Hand Brake, Three GearsFoot Brake
23、, No Gears1 hour7. 505. 003 hours11 007. 501 day (24 hours) 14. 759. 75Each additional day8. 006 00Guided City ToursThe 2. 5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Ri jksmuseum,Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at
24、1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.1. What is an advantage of MacBike?A. It gives chidren a discount.B. It of offers many types of bikes.C. It organizes free cycle tours.D. It has over 2, 500 rental shops.2. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand br
25、ake and three gears for two days?A. 15. 75.B. 19. 50.C. 6 22.75.D.29. 50.3. Where does the guided city tour start?A. The Gooyer, Windmill.C. Heineken Brewery.BWhen John Todd was a child, he loved8. The Skinny Bridge.D. Dam Square.to explore the woods around his house,observing how nature solved prob
26、lems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in coll
27、ege, John went backto observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmfulbacteria （细菌）？ Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build wha
28、t he would later call an eco-machine.The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge （污泥）.First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He plac
29、ed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Withi
30、n weeks it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse 一 like facility that treated sewage （污水）from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in so
31、utheastChina.Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor, “ he says. You put organisms in new relationships and observe what s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair. ”4. What can w
32、e learn about John from the first two paragraphs?A. He was fond of traveling.C. He had an inquiring mind.5. Why did John put the sludge intoA. To feed the animals.C. To protect the plants.B. He enjoyed being alone.D. He longed to be a doctor, the tanks?B. To build an ecosystem.D. To test the eco-mac
33、hine.6. What is the author? s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?A. To review John, s research plans.B. To show an application ofJohn s idea.C. To compare John s different jobs, invention.7. What is the basis for John s work?A. Nature can repair itself.C. Life on Earth is diverse.groups.CThe goal of this
34、book is to make the case detailed exploration of what it asks and why to adopt this philosophy if you decide it sD. To erase doubts about John sB. Organisms need water to survive.D. Most tiny creatures live infor digital minimalism, including a it works, and then to teach you how right for you.To do
35、 so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism
36、 philosophy.Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen onli
37、ne activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.In the final chapter of part one, I 11 guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I 11 draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutte
38、r. You 11 hear these participants stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate （培养）a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapter
39、s, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude （独处）and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You c
40、an view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that words for your particular circumstances.8. What is the book aimed at?A. Teaching critical thinking skills.B. Advocating a simple digitallifestyle.C. Solving philosophical problems.D. Promoting the use
41、 of a digitaldevice.9. What does the underlined word “declutter“ in paragraph 3 mean?A. Clear-up.B. Add-on.C. Check-in.D.Take-over.10. What is presented in the final chapter of part one?A.Theoretical models.B.Statistical methods.C.Practical examples.D.Historical analyses.11. What does the author sug
42、gest readers do with the practices offered in part two?A.Use them as needed.B.Recommend them to friends.C.Evaluate their effects.D.Identify the ideas behind them.DOn March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of
43、 crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren, t always the same. Some people will tend to overes
44、timate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowd
45、s requires that people s estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist （转折）on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was t
46、hat when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was s
47、ignificantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their es
48、timates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? This happened some of the time, but it wasn t the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they ushared arguments and reasoned together. ” Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain the potential implications for group discussion an