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1、读后续写研究与实践CONTENTS一、找准写作难点二、强化写作亮点三、提升写作落点Part 1找准写作难点B.根据2017版新课程标准 英语学科核心素养的四个维度 高中英语写作教学需要培养的目标文化意识语言能力思维品质学习能力用英语讲好中国故事，向国外介绍美丽中国，介绍中国传统文化，介绍中国大地上的变化，增加文化自信，培养家国情怀，同时接纳包容异域文化和多元文化。应用文写作考查学生跨文化交际的能力，掌握使用英语处理涉外事务的能力。在语言学习中培养发现问题解决问题的能力，学会分析判断和推理。读后续写很好的考查了学生解决问题能力以及“五育并举”的培养目标。读后续写考查学生的学习模仿能力，并能形成自
2、己的创造力。B.读后续写考查目标描述考查能力具体描述考查能力具体描述阅读能力内容能理解原文内容写作能力内容能在原文的基础上创造出新的内容；能与原文内容保持融洽，形成有效协同结构能准确理解原文篇章结构和关键信息语言能准确恰当地使用丰富的词汇和句子结构逻辑与语言能深入理解原文的内容要素、内容发展、逻辑关系与语言特点结构能与原文合理衔接；能使用恰当的衔接手段使续写完整、连贯思维能力能根据原文进行续写，体现创造性学习能力能通过续写，学习原文作者的语言特点和写作方式B.读后续写历年真题一览表年份卷别体裁原文字数话题2023浙江1月记叙文349人鸟情未了2022全新高考全国I卷记叙文315身残志坚的男孩浙
3、江卷6月记叙文327帮助无家可归的人浙江卷1月记叙文329傲骄学霸2021新高考全国I卷记叙文306母亲节的礼物浙江卷6月记叙文315暑假打工薪水浙江卷1月记叙文348万圣节南瓜趣事2020全新高考全国I卷记叙文325帮助弱者脱困浙江卷7月记叙文330与熊对抗脱险浙江卷1月记叙文350抚慰狗狗心伤B.读后续写命题特点读后续写所提供的语篇材料一般是具有正能量而且故事性比较强的文章。一般来说，文章内容通俗易懂，故事线索的逻辑性较强，写作要求续写的部分多是故事的高潮或结局。2.语篇选材情节曲折，逻辑性强创造性地将“阅读”与“写作”深度结合，能够更加有效地考查考生的综合语言运用能力、思辨能力、学习能力
4、和书面表达能力。1.综合考查思辨能力、读写能力读后续写原材料一般是记叙文，或夹叙夹议类体裁，叙述性语言和描写性语言相结合。语言生动、细腻、富有感情，简洁朴素，画面感强。因此，考生在续写过程中，应该体会原材料故事中的语言特点，继而完成语言风格契合度高的短文。3.读后续写文本材料的语言特点B.找准学生写作难点，提高作文备考的精准度读后续写难点文本解读不清晰1语言表达太平淡2情节推动节奏慢3结尾升华模板化4B.难点一：文本解读不清晰 太匆匆解读文本是写好读后续写的关键步骤。我们应高度重视语篇教学，引导学生认真研读语篇，深入解读文本，梳理故事情节，挖掘文中的隐含信息，从而准确地把握文章的主题、故事的脉
5、络、人物的性格特点、人物之间的关系、文本的语言特点、写作手法和写作目的，为进行读后续写搭好支架。弄清楚已知条件和隐藏信息之后再动笔，揣摩命题者的意图，否则就是答非所问，缘木求鱼。训练审题解题的能力。写前的准备工作一定要做细，牢记“磨刀不误砍柴工”。解题熟练、准确是重中之重，切忌“提笔就写，脚踩西瓜皮，滑到哪里算哪里”。深入解读文本，挖掘隐含信息解读方法1.5R解读法read for characterread for plotread for emotionread for conflictread for theme2.暗线情感线3.明线情节线 4.伏笔（foreshadow）B.第二节（满
6、分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。MyhusbandandIenjoyseeinglifethroughtheeyesofourchildren.Itsamazingtowatchastheydiscovertheirworld.Whilewewereoutdoorslastsummerenjoyingthesunshine,ouroldestdaughter,Kaytlin,calledmetothedoorway.Beneaththestepswasababyredsquirrel.Wewatcheditfromadistance,notw
7、antingtodisturbitorscareoffitsmother.Butafteralongwaitandlookingallaroundourhouseforsignsofanestoramotherwerealizedthetinysquirrelwaslost.Shakingterribly,hewasweak,thin,andhungry.Wetriedtofindanexperttohelp,buttheInlandFisheriesandWildlifewebsiteshowedthattherewerenowildlifeexpertsinourarea.Aftersom
8、equickresearch,weconcludedthatthebestwaytogivethesquirrelafightingchancewastocareforhimourselves.Soatriptothelocalstoreformilkandsupplieswasinorder.Moreresearchtaughtushowmuchtofeedhim,howtoestimatehisage,howandwhentowean(断奶)him,andthatweshouldlethimgoassoonashecouldsurviveonhisown.OurdaughtersandIt
9、ookturnsinfeeding“Squirt.”Kaytlintookonthemostresponsibility.Shetaughthimtoeatfromabottle,andshewokeinthenightforhisfeeds.Toourrelief,Squirtsoonbecamehealthyandstrong.Withinafewweekshebecamemoreactive.Hewouldchatter(吱吱叫)forhisnextmeal,playfullygoaroundthegirls,andliedownonthemforsleep.Itwasntlongbef
10、orehewasweanedontosolidfoodandreintroducedtothewild.Hisfirstfewvisitstothegreatoutdoorswerefunny.Justlikeachild,hewouldplayinthegrasssomeandthenrunbacktoKaytlinforsafety.Soonshehadhimclimbingtreesandfindingnestmaterial.Onedayinthetrees,Squirtmetupwithafamilyofgraysquirrels.Onenight,Squirtdidntcomeba
11、cktoourhouseanditrainedhard.B.SquirrelChatterLivinginthetreesLivinginthewildEatNutsClimbingtreesandbuildingnestsTheyarenotbirds,andtheyCantflyBaby(lost,weak,thinandhungry)Healthyandstrong,moreactiveSolidfoodFirstFewvisitstotheoutdoorsClimbingtrees/findingnestmaterialsMet with afamilyofgraysquirrelsD
12、idnt come backtoourhouseonenightEnding?AtriptothelocalstoreformilkandsuppliesTookturnsinfeedingSquirtMydaughtertaughthimtoeatfromabottleShewokeinthenightforhisfeedsShehadhimlearnlifeskillsEmotion?Comb through the story:characters,plot,conflict,emotion,theme Squirt(the red squirrel)My husband and I;K
13、aytlin(my daughter)B.红灰松鼠的相处过程（可以是直接打成一片，也可以足经历了矛盾再打成一片）3分松鼠相处过程中，我们一家人的感受 3分松鼠与我们一家人的关系变化（和第二段开头衔接）3分Paragraph 1第一种路径：雨夜寻松鼠 2分找到松鼠 3分我们一家人看到它和其他松鼠一起相处之后的反应 3分放归自然升华主旨 4分第二种路径：雨夜寻松鼠 2分没找到松鼠，怀着担心回家 2分第二天第一缕阳光照进来的时候，我们打开门看到了红松鼠和灰松鼠已经在门口玩 3分我们的反应：惊喜 欣然 发现红松鼠可以 survive on its own 3分放归自然主旨升华 4分Paragraph
14、2评分细则B.红灰松鼠的相处过程、感受，变化邵怡臻：vivid descriptionB.苑康鑫B.赵海博武雨菲B.续写部分一二段的衔接卓衡星宇诺寒B.雨中寻松鼠及结果郝佳一B.主旨升华Seeinghimsleepsafeandsoundwiththegraysquirrels,werealizedourtendercareforthislittleredcreaturefinallymadehimstrongertomeet the wild life and gave him a fighting chancetosurviveandflourish.Weknewitstimetoleti
15、tgointonature.Although we missed him,weknewthatthiswasagoodthingandthathewasfinallyabletolive his life in the wild,where he belonged.Wewillalways remember the timewespentwithSquirtandthelessonswelearnedabouttheimportanceoftakingcareofourwildlife.B.难点二：语言表达太平淡 缺少生活场景化词汇储备B.课文读写结合B.选择性必修三 Unit5ChenWei
16、,ahighschoolstudentinBeijing,hadhisdinnerinterruptedwhenheheardsomeonescreamingfromanothertable.Afellowdinerattherestaurant,ZhangTao,waschokingonsomesteak.Hewasnowholdinghisthroatwithhisfaceturningred,whilehisdesperatefriendswereslappinghimontheback.Chenwastednotime.HegotupandrantoZhangstableatonce.
17、WiththehelpofZhangsfriends,hewasabletohelpZhangtohisfeet.Then,standingbehindZhang,ChendidtheHeimlichmanoeuvre.Thefoodwasinstantlyforcedout,andZhangbegantobreatheagain.Tenminuteslater,anambulancearrived.ThedoctorscheckedZhangandmadesurethathewasfine.Theysuggestedheeatmoreslowlyandtakesmallerbitesbefo
18、retheyleft.Choking victims usually have only about four minutes before they collapse and sometimes die,leaving no time for anambulancetoarrive.Tosolvethisproblem,in1974,anAmericandoctor,HenryHeimlich,createdtheHeimlichmanoeuvre,savingthousandsoflivesaroundtheworld.DoingtheHeimlichmanoeuvreisquickpra
19、ctical,andeasy.Itissoeasy,infact,thatalmostanyonecanlearnhow.Ifyouseesomeonechoking,firstcalltheemergencyservices.Then,makesurethevictimisreallychoking:Achokingpersoncannotspeak.Slappingthevictimsbackwilloftenforceouttheobstruction.Ifthisdoesnotwork,youcanperformtheHeimlichmanoeuvrebystandingbehindh
20、imandwrappingyourarmsaroundhiswaist.Makeafistwithonehandandplaceitintheupperpartofhisstomach.Grabbingyourfistwithyourotherhandtightly,pushupandintohisstomachinonemotion.Continuedoingthisuntiltheobstructionisforcedout.DoingtheHeimlichmanoeuvreonasmallchildisnotrecommended,asyoumayhurthim.Instead,layt
21、hechildfacedownonyourlapwiththeheadlowerthantherestofhisbody,andthengivefirmslapstohisupperbackuntilhecanbreatheagainWithchokingvictims,everyminutecounts.Youcannotjuststandbyanddonothing.Luckily,Chenhadlearnthowtogivefirstaidinschool.SeeingZhangchoking,heremainedcalmandreactedimmediately.Chenlatersa
22、idabouttheincident,HowcouldIjustifysittingthereanddoingnothing?Weareallhumansandweallhavearesponsibilitytolookafteroneanotherswelfare”.B.ChenWei,ahighschoolstudentinBeijing,washavingdinnerwith his uncle Sam in a restaurant.He had his dinner interruptedwhen he heard someone screaming from another tab
23、le.A fellowdinerattherestaurant,ZhangTao,waschokingonsomesteak.Hewas now holding his throat with his face turning red,while hisdesperatefriendswereslappinghimontheback,butitdidntwork.Chen Wei decided to do something despite Sams prevention._After the ambulance left,Sam walked towards Chen Wei with a
24、 frown._B.Chen Wei decided to do something despite Sams prevention.HerantoZhangstableatonce.WiththehelpofZhangsfriends,hewasabletohelpZhangto his feet.Then,standing behind Zhang,Chen Wei wrapped his arms aroundZhangswaistandmadeafistintheupperpartofhisstomach.Hethenpushedupandintohisstomachseveralti
25、mes.withaviolentcough,theobsturctionwasforcedout.ThatwasaweightoffChensmind.SoonafterwardsanambulancearrivedandtookZhangTaotothehospitalforfurtherexamination.After the ambulance left,Sam walked towards Chen Wei with a frown.“Youcouldhavethrownusingreattrouble,rashyoungman.Ifyouhadfailed,theymighthav
26、eputtheblameonyou!”roaredSam.ChenWeisaidfirmly,“HowcouldIjustifysittingthereanddoingnothing?Weareallhumansandweallhavearesponsibilitytolookafteroneanotherswelfare.”ThesewordsshockedandtouchedSam.Afteralongsilence,Samgavehisnephewawarmhug,“Iamproudofyouindeed!”B.必修一 Unit4Earthquake-related Wordsshake
27、crackburstburydamagedestroycrashbegonelieinruinsfallintoruinfall(down)cutacrosssweepawaybeburied/trappedundertheruinsItseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanendB.1.ANighttheEarthDidntSleep2.Thewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfell,roseandfell.3.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend！4.Hardhillsofrockbecamerive
28、rsofdirt.5.Brickscoveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves.6.Tensofthousandsofcows,hundredsofthousandsofpigs,andmillionsofchickensweredead.7.Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain.8.Tangshanstartedtoreviveitselfandgetbackuponitsfeet.Rhytorical Devices In This Unitpersonificationrepititionhyperbolemetaphorsimil
29、eclimaxpersonificationpersonificationB.We were having breakfast when everything began to shake.Dad rushed in andyelledtous,“Getintomycar!”Wedashedoutofthehousejustintimetoavoidbeingburiedundertheruins.Ahugecrackcutacrossthehousesandroads.Treesfelldownandmanybuildingsfellintoruin.Inordertoovertakeaca
30、rwhichmovedslowlyandgotinourway,wehadtogoanotherwayandknockeddownmanysmalltrees.Isawsewagepipesburstanditreallystank.Ourcarranlikemadtotheairport,andjustthenagastankerlostcontrol,crashedintoagasstation,andburstintoflames.Daddroveverycarefullyinordernottobehitbythecarswhichfelloffatallbuildinglikerai
31、ndrops.Iwasveryfrightened.Couldwesurvivethisdisaster?B.种植词汇organicfertilizefertilizerwater/irrigateblossomandyieldfruits=flowerandproducefruitstrimbranchesripe/ripenloosensoil/earthdigthegardentheseeds/seedlingssprout/shootremovetheweedspickthevegetables做饭词汇delicacytomatoescucumberspepperscarrotsmak
32、esaladchopthevegetablesfrysteamboiltoast/bake/roaststir森林里相关squirrelschatteringandscrabblingaroundtreetrunksahorsenuzzlingonespalmwolfsnarlingsavagelyatusdogsbarkingandpantingemitablood-curdlinggrowltheitchofpoisonmosquitoespricklybramblesandthornsbirdschirpinginsectsbuzzingandhummingencounteringada
33、ngerousanimal(agrizlybear,acougar)startlingthespottedfawnintorunningacrosstheroadB.1.在备考中，要有针对性的进行场景化的练习，尽量覆盖多的空间场景，户外、户内，从厨房、餐厅、卧室，再到户外、沙滩、森林、河流、峡谷。2.网上资料太多，参差不齐，要精简，减轻学生背诵默写负担，不是印了直接发给学生。3.有意识、有计划的进行课外补充阅读，补充地道的阅读材料。最好高一抓起。4.写作微训练。50-100字的小情节，小画面描写。5.读后续写还要侧重细节描写微技能训练，如情绪描写、动作描写、心理活动描写、对话描写等等。微训练模
34、式一 请根据相关提示写一篇短文要求：情与景结合，词数80左右提示：Last monday,Johns birthday,imagine receiving gifts from classmates.B.B.去带小狗看兽医-路上担心-救助过程-小狗的状态-我的心情-治愈后小狗表现-我的感受B.【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Sergio因为有残疾的右手在新学校感到紧张，他特别关心同学们对他的看法。但是没过多久就有人知道了Seraio的秘密，工程课的老师JeffWlkins发现Sergio的手少了一部分，于是决定为这个新生做点什么。经过他的努力，成功为 Sergio制作了一副机械手。Then
35、 came the final testing day.Thewholeclassgatheredinthescienceclassroom,watchingbreathlesslyasJeffcarefullyloadedtheirself-maderobotichandontoSergiosrightarm.Itfittedquitewell!SoexcitedwasSergiothathisarmtrembledslightly.Havingputabaseballonthedesk,JeffsignedtoSergiotopickitup.Slowly,Sergioextendedhi
36、srighthandandreachedfortheball.Successfullyhecaughtholdofitandeveryonepresentbrokeintocheers!Holdingtheball,Sergiocouldntcontainhistears.Neverinhislifedidheexpecttocatchsomethingwithhisrighthand!B.难点三：情节推动节奏慢 太拖沓对白太多，占用了大量篇幅。长句太多，一个情节已经占了大半，毫无推动。情节设计里只有主角，没有配角，忽略互动。与情节发展相比，细节和情感描写、心理活动描写是次要的，情节为主，心理
37、、细节和情感是辅助的。而相当多的学生因为情节不够，心理来凑，反而弄巧成拙。431 镜头切换模式第一段：四个镜头切换第二段：三个镜头+结尾升华只有主角一个人物：切换空间，切换心理活动+动作链两个人物：A-B-A-B 切换三个人物：A-B-C-AB.2021年八省联考（修车/多人物）When I was about to say goodbye,the girl asked if Id had lunch.Shakingmyhead,IinsistedthatIwasnot that hungry,and they should save the food for the rest of jour
38、ney.However,the sound of my stomachgrumblingbetrayedme.Smilingawkwardly,Iadmittedfeelingalittlebitpeckish.【镜头一：我】Havingmademewaitforasecond,shewhirledaround,gotintothecar,andfumbledaroundforsomefood.Secondslater,“Hereyouare.”Appearingintosightwasapaperbag.【镜头二：小女孩】Deeplyaffectedbyherkindness,Ilooked
39、atthelittlegirl,whosestarryeyesonthelighteningfaceglitteredsomethingsly,arousingmycuriosityaboutwhatwasinthebag.【镜头三：我】Thefamilywerereadytoleave.Thefatherstartedthetruck,withthemotherandgirlseatedinthebackseat,wavinggoodbyetome.Wavingbackwithasmile,Iwishedthemasafetrip.Iwatchedthetruckdisappearintot
40、hedistance,mixedfeelingswellingupinme.【镜头四：告别场景（多人互动）】After they left,I got into my Jeep and opened the paper bag.Thefoodssweetsmellfilledmynostrils,makingmymouthwater.NotuntilIpickedthehamburgerupdidIspota20-dollarbillalongwithanote,reading,“Kindnessisfree.Takecare.”【镜头一：我的发现】Stunnedandmoved,Istare
41、datthenote,feelingapangofguiltaboutmyperviousthoughtthatallpeoplewereindifferent.【镜头二：我的心理活动】Havingspentatoughyearlitteredwithseverehardship,IcriedmyheartoutinmyJeeponthisdesertedroadforthekindnessfromsomestrangers.【镜头三：我的触动】Iteventuallydawnedonmethatloveandkindnessareneverwasted.Theyalwaysmakeadiff
42、erence.Theyblesstheonewhoreceivesthem,andtheyalsoblessthegiver.Fromthatdayon,everytimeImeetsomeonewhoneedshelp,Ialwaysreachouttothem,hopingtopassonthekindnessthatMexicanfamilyofferedme.【一人切换（升华）】B.）Then came the final testing day.Thewholeclassgatheredinthescienceclassroom,watchingbreathlesslyasJeffc
43、arefullyloadedtheirself-maderobotichandontoSergiosrightarm.【镜头一：老师安装及现场氛围】Itfittedquitewell!SoexcitedwasSergiothathisarmtrembledslightly.【镜头二：主人公感受】Havingputabaseballonthedesk,JeffsignedtoSergiotopickitup.Slowly,Sergioextendedhisrighthandandreachedfortheball.Successfullyhecaughtholdofitandeveryonepr
44、esentbrokeintocheers!【镜头三：主人公测试过程】Holdingtheball,Sergiocouldntcontainhistears.Neverinhislifedidheexpecttocatchsomethingwithhisrighthand!【镜头四：测试成功后的感受】B.情节构思方法1先想好故事结局，后反向设置过程。从终点站倒推，反向设计故事情节，是保障故事内容不脱轨的有效方法。2先想好故事场景，后补充细节描写。一个好故事多半有多个场景组合而成，场景才是好故事的大西瓜，细节描写只是小芝麻。3先描述故事的主角，后补充配角的内容。讲故事前，先要确定叙述的主体，也就是
45、你的故事是围绕哪一个人展开的。我的建议是选定一个人为叙述主体，否则故事的线头太多，会增加阅卷教师的理解难度。4先情感，后动作。人是一个情感动物，人的行为往往是受情感驱动的。5先叙述，后描写，再对白。无论细节描写多么花里胡哨，叙述永远是故事的主要方式，描述只能锦上添花，对白只能偶尔为之。6先保障行文通畅，后考虑高级表达。Keep the ball going，是讲故事的核心任务。生僻的高级表达往往造成理解障碍。建议大家回避一些连阅卷教师都不熟悉的“细节描写的好词好句”。有时候，套用一些表达会引起阅卷教师的厌烦情绪。7先保障故事情节的合情合理，后考虑天马行空的创新思维。什么是合情合理？合情，就是符
46、合人之常情；合理，就是有行文逻辑，前后呼应。故事情节的发展要讲究“铺平垫稳”，草蛇灰线，伏脉千里。8先布局，后收网。故事的开始、发展和结局应该做到无缝对接，在故事开头的伏笔或暗示，在故事的结尾处要得到验证或回应，避免故事结局草草收场，避免“雷声大雨点小”，避免“头重脚轻”的故事框架（第一段字数过多，而第二段内容过少）。B.情节构思八条法则先想结局再想过程先想场景再补充细节先描写主角再补充配角先写情感再动作先叙述再描写后对白先考虑行文通畅，再考虑高级表达先考虑情节的合理，再保障天马行空的创新先布局后收网避免头重脚轻虎头蛇尾B.难点四：结尾升华模版化 太僵硬推荐找原文的切入点，比如小物件、小情节，
47、结尾升华嵌入。可能是文章开头的一个小手帕，或者孩子成长过程中犯错的道具，或者是帮助别人的物件。用句型和修辞手段（强调句型、虚拟、对比、比喻）来突出情感的升华。用较地道的谚语引出感悟。尽量在结尾让改卷老师看到关键的主题词，这样不容易失误。结尾升华学生们用的最多的是感悟法、谚语法或者情景定格法，但容易机械化照搬。对于中等生或基础较差的学生来说，模板可以解决一定的问题；但对于优等生来说，模板化结尾容易拉低档次，停留在18-20分左右。要想突破20分，达到22到23分，需要思维的创新。能让审美疲劳的阅卷老师眼前一亮的，是神来之笔、思维创新B.小狗救人 主题升华 结尾升华Fromthatdayon,Kh
48、anaccompaniedKateandwitnessedhergrowth.Catherinewasappreciativethattherewassuchabravecompanioninherdaughterslife.Fromthenon,hebecameanindispensiblepartofherfamily,aloyalcompaniontolittleKateandanadmirablehero,tellingthetruththattherewassomethingmagicalthatmotivatedadogtosacrificeselflessly,whichCath
49、erinehighlyappreciateandsparednoefforttoreciprocate.Insorrowfulsilence,thefamilyheldafuneralfortheirfaithfulfamilymember.NotonlydiditteachKateaboutlife,butalsogavealessontoallthefamilymembers,whichwillbecarvedintheirmindforever.1.平铺直叙法，给故事一个顺理成章的结尾Seeingthecreature,sherealizedthatsometimesthedogwasn
50、otonlyourfriend,butalsoactedasasavior.2.人物感叹法Tearsrollingdownherface,CatherineheldKhantightly,strokinghisfurgentlyandaffectionately.KhanlickedCatherineshandinreturn,waggingitstail.3.情景定格法B.小狗救人 主题升华 结尾升华Tearsofgratitudebrimmingoverinhereyes,Catherinethrewherarmsaroundthebraveguyandburiedherfaceinhis