《牛津译林版英语8B Unit8 A green world知识点.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《牛津译林版英语8B Unit8 A green world知识点.pdf（19页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、18B Unit 8 A green world【Comic strip to the unit】1.I like digging in the garden.Are you serious?【知识点一知识点一】：】：dig(1)挖掘(2)digdiggingdug(1)The workers _(dig)a hole and mended the pipe.(2)Early this morning I was busy _(挖)in the garden to plant trees.【知识点二知识点二】：】：serious(1)(adj.)认真的；严肃的；严重的(2)既可作定语，也可作表
2、语(3)比较级：more serious最高级：most serious(4)be serious about sb./sth对某人、某事是认真的(5)be serious about doing sth.对做某事当真(6)seriously(adv.)严重地(7)take sb./sth.seriously：认真对待某事、某物(1)The teacher looked _(serious)at me and I could say nothing.(2)The exam is of great importance to us,so we must take it _(严肃的).(3)Mad
3、am,you are fined for overspeeding.Please sign here.Fined?Overspeeding?_A.No worries.B.Never mind.C.Are you serious?D.Are you right?(4)污染已经成为一个遍及全世界的严重问题。_2.We can reduce air pollution by riding bicycles.We can save energy by turning off the lights whenwe leave a room.【知识点一知识点一】：】：reduce(1)vt.&vi.减少；
4、缩小；降低(2)相关的词组：reduceto 把从减少至(到)reduceby 把减少了如：They reduced the number of workers from 40 to 25.They reduced costs by 20%.(1)No free plastic bags in the supermarkets helps to _ white pollution.A.reduceB.removeC.provideD.produce【知识点二知识点二】：】：by2(1)by+ving：这种结构常常表示手段、方法或方式(2)可用来回答“how”的问题如：How did you f
5、inish the job so soon?By climbing on the roof.(1)The teacher punished the naughty boy _ making him tell a story _ French.A.with;byB.by;withC.by;inD.in;by(2)We can ask people _ the environment by _ them the beauty of nature.A.protecting;showingB.to protect;showingC.to protect;to showD.protecting;to s
6、how(3)If dont act to protect the environment,more animals will be killed by _(pollute).(4)By _(reduce)waste and pollution,we can protect the environment and live a better life.【知识点三知识点三】：】：turn(1)turn on：把打开turn up：把调大(2)turn off：把关闭turn down：把调小(3)动词+副词：代中结构(4)相关的短语：turn down 拒绝；调低turn in 上交turnint
7、o把变成turn up 调高；出现turn out 结果是turn to 翻到；向求助(1)Dont you think her radio is too noisy?Yeah,Ill go and ask her to _.A.turn it upB.turn it downC.turn it onD.turn it over(2)Before you leave the room,make sure you _ the lights and _ the windows.A.turn off;closeB.turn on;closedC.close;closeD.open;open(5)It
8、 is bad habit to leave the office without _ the lights.A.putting outB.putting onC.taking offD.turning off(6)The music from the radio sounds so beautiful.Could you please _ the radio a little,Mum?A.turn onB.turn offC.turn upD.turn down(2)电视不用的时候，一定要关闭电源。_3.What should we do to live a green life,class
9、?My dad used to drive me to school,but now we takethe underground.More and more families own cars and this causes serious air pollution.【知识点一知识点一】：】：live a green life(1)过上绿色生活(2)其他表达：live/lead a happy life 过着幸福的生活live/lead a hard life 过着艰辛的生活3(3)用法：在不可数名词之前加上具体形容词，可以用 a/an如：have a good time(1)What s
10、hould I do to live _ green life?I think you should go by _ bike instead of driving your car.A.a;aB.the;/C.a；/D./；/(2)The Earth is _ only home for us.Lets try to make it _ greener world.A.a;aB.the;aC.a;theD.the;the(3)史密斯一家一直过着艰辛的生活。The Smiths _ all the time.【知识点二知识点二】：】：class(1)当 class 表示不可分割的整体时，谓语动
11、词应当用单数(2)表示组成该集合体的个体时，其谓语动词常常使用复数如：The class has elected its leader.班级The class are working on their individual projects today.班级里所有人(3)类似词；family 也有类似的用法如：My family is very large.家庭My family are all tall.家人【知识点三知识点三】：】：used to do(1)回顾过：过去常常做某事(2)be/get used to doing：习惯于做某事(1)What is a writing brush
12、,do you know?Its used _ writing and drawing.A.withB.toC.forD.by(2)There _ a lot of redcrowned cranes in this area.A.was used toB.was used to beC.used toD.used to be(3)She used to _ with her parents,but now she is used to _ with her classmates at school.A.live;livingB.live;liveC.living;livingD.living
13、;live【知识点四知识点四】：】：drive(1)drive sb.to sp.：开车送某人去(2)drivedrovedriven(3)注意：当地点为地点副词时，to 省略，如 home、there、here【知识点五知识点五】：】：cause(1)(vt.)导致，造成，引起(2)cause sth.导致某事如：The heavy rain caused the flood.(3)cause sb.sth.给造成4(4)cause sb.to do sth.导致做某事(5)(n.)原因，理由(6)the cause of=the reason for：的理由如：The heavy rain
14、 was the cause of the flood.(1)We are very sad and angry to hear that the bad milk powder(劣质奶粉)_ the deaths ofover 30 babies.A.madeB.didC.broughtD.caused4.Its wise for people to choose public transport or ride bicycle.【知识点一知识点一】：】：wise(1)(adj.)明智的(2)同义词：clever、smart(3)词性变换：wisely(adv.)明智地wisdom(n.)(
15、1)Becky _(明智地)decided to tell us the truth.(2)We should use our pocket money _(wise).【Reading】1.In Switzerland,things like glass,plastic and paper are separated into different groups and thenrecycled.【知识点一知识点一】：】：separate(1)(v.)分开(2)separate A into B：把分开；把分成若干部分=B be separated into A(被动表达法)如：An oran
16、ge separates into ten or twelve pieces.(3)separate from：脱离；(使)分开，(使)分离如：Break the eggs and separate the whites from the yolks(蛋黄).(1)Rubbish must be _(分成)into different dustbins and then recycled.(2)Waste _ different groups in some countries.A.is separated intoB.are separated intoC.is separated toD.
17、are separated to(3)We can reduce pollution _ separating waste _ different groups.A.by;intoB.with;intoC.by;withD.with;with(4)我们最好把好的和坏的分开。We _ the bad ones.2.For example,we are not allowed to cut down trees.Otherwise,we will be punished.5【知识点一知识点一】：】：allow(1)(vt.)允许 承认(2)allow sb.to do sth.：允许某人做某事如：
18、His parents wont allow him to come.(3)be allowed to do：被允许做(4)allow sth./allow doing sth.：允许某事/允许做某事注意：后面要求用名词、代词或动名词作宾语如：They dont allow music after 10:30 at night.(5)类似结构：advise sb to do sth.：建议某人做某事advise doing sth.：建议做某事(1)Toms parents do not allow Tom _ swimming.A.goingB.to goC.goD.goes(2)Their
19、 parents dont allow them _ in the river because its really dangerous.A.swimB.swimmingC.to swimD.swam(3)To my surprise,Daniels parents allowed him _ Shanghai Disneyland with me.A.to visitB.visitingC.visitD.visits(4)Do you say Yes or No to the discipline(纪律)that students are not allowed _at school?A.t
20、o smokeB.smokingC.to smokingD.smoke(5)Whats the matter?They said I was not allowed _ here.They dont allow _ in the waiting room.A.smoking;to smokeB.to smoke;smokeC.to smoke;smokingD.smoking;smoking(6)Please be quiet.We are not allowed _ much noise in the reading room.A.to makeB.makeC.makingD.to maki
21、ng(7)Can I smoke here?Sorry.We dont allow _ here.A.people smokingB.people smokeC.to smokeD.smoking(8)We dont allow _ in the exam,so you are not allowed _ calculating machines.A.cheat;useB.cheating;usingC.to cheat;to useD.cheating;to use(9)I dont allow _ in my office and I dont allow my family _ at a
22、ll.A.to smoke;smokingB.smoking;to smokeC.to smoke;to smokeD.smoking;smoking【知识点二知识点二】：】：cut down(1)砍倒；砍伤；砍死如：cut down a tree with an ax(2)减少；减低6如：cut down on smoking 减少抽烟(3)动副结构，代词放中间(4)cutcutcutcutting(5)相关短语：cut off 切断cut sth.into pieces 把切成碎片(1)必须釆取措施阻止人们砍伐树木。Something must be done to _ people fr
23、om _ trees _.(2)Do you have _ problems _?A.some;cutting it downB.any;cutting down itC.any;cutting it downD.any;to cut it down(3)砍树是不允许的。_【知识点三知识点三】：】：punish(1)(vt.)处罚，惩罚(2)punish sb.for sth./for doing sth.因为而惩罚某人如：Does nature punish man for his greed?(n.)punishment 惩罚(1)A teacher should not give stu
24、dents corporal(身体的)_(punish).(2)He _ according to the newly credit system.A.punishB.punishedC.will punishD.will be punished3.If we drop litter in a public place,we will be fined by the police.There are also laws to limit air andwater pollution.【知识点一知识点一】：】：fine(1)(vt.)罚款(2)fine sb.for：处以罚金，因而罚款如：The
25、y fined him heavily for breaking the speed limit.(3)fine sb.sth.罚某人某物=sb be fined sth如：He was fined 200.(4)(n.)罚金，罚款(5)(adj.)美好的，好看的；健康的；晴朗的(1)You will be _(罚款)if you drive in a wrong direction.(2)他们因砍伐树木而被重罚。They _ trees.【知识点二知识点二】：】：the police(1)集体名词：警方7(2)作主语一般看成复数(3)同类词：family、class、team【知识点三知识点
26、三】：】：limit(1)(vt.)限制如：We must limit our spending.(2)(n.)limitation(1)We wont have a clear sky if air pollution is not _(limit).(2)Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful,but they may also _our thinking.A.directB.limitC.changeD.improve(3)他们已经采取措施来限制他们的开支了。They _ their spendin
27、g.4.We depend on its rich resources to live,so it is important for us to protect it wisely.【知识点一知识点一】：】：depend(1)(v.)依赖，依靠，指望(2)depend on/upon：依靠，取决于如：Happiness depends upon ourselves.Were depending on you to finish/finishing the job by Friday.(3)That(all)depends./It all depends.：那得看情况(情景交际)如：I may
28、go there,but that depends.(1)Its said that shopping online is safe._.Youd better be careful.A.I agreeB.That dependsC.I think soD.No problem(2)Mum,shall we go to the beach tomorrow?It_ the weather.A.carries onB.lives onC.depends onD.holds on(3)Its important for us to protect nature because we _ its r
29、ice resources to live.A.depend onB.leave forC.give upD.lead to(4)A research suggests that walking helps people live longer.I quite agree,but it _ on when and how they walk.A.remainsB.separatesC.returnsD.depends(5)人生的价值并不取决于你是谁，而是你所做的事情。_【知识点二知识点二】：】：rich(1)adj.(土地)肥沃的，富饶的；富有的，富裕的8如：rich soil 沃土(2)be
30、 rich in：富含5.These new types of energy cost very little and will never run out(be used up).Remember thateveryone can do something to make a difference.【知识点一知识点一】：】：very little(1)quite 可以修饰 a lot、a few、a little、a bit 等含有不定冠词的短语而 very 不可以，但是 very 能修饰 few,little 等如：Cleaning the backyard needs quite a l
31、ittle work.Very few people can live to be 100.(2)至于 quite a few、some few、a good few 在语气上是肯定的在语气上是肯定的：相当多相当多如：How many postcards have you received?Quite a few.、2020 扬州梅岭一模卷 D 篇阅读就考到过：Why cant the Internet regulator(监管机构)monitor the content all the time？B 选项：Because there are quite a few apps and webs
32、ites for live stream(直播).(3)只有一些：only a little、only a few，但不可以说 only little、only few很少：very little，very few，但不能说 very a little、very a few如：I have very little time for reading.(1)Mr Smith has _ a few friends in China.A.veryB.quiteC.suchD.so(2)This maths problem is so difficult that only _ students ca
33、n work it out.A.a fewB.fewC.a littleD.little(3)There used to be lots of fish in the lake.Yes,but there are very _ now.A.fewB.fewerC.littleD.less(4)There are only _ cigarettes(香烟)in the box.I have too _ time to buy any today.A.a few;littleB.a little;fewC.a few;a littleD.a little;a few【知识点二知识点二】：】：run
34、 out(1)sth.run out：某物用完了(无被动，主语为时间、食品、资源、金钱等无生命的名词)如：Time is running out for the trapped miners.(2)sb.run out of sth.：某人用完了某物如：We ran out of fuel.(3)sb.run out of sp.：从某地跑出来如：Dont run out of the classroom.(1)Peter,I think we need to buy a new car.9Oh,no!We are _ out of money,you know?A.tryingB.going
35、C.gettingD.running(2)Im still working on my project.Oh,youll miss the deadline(最后期限).Time is _.A.running outB.going outC.giving outD.losing out(3)Have you _ food?Yes,our food _,so we must buy some in the supermarket.A.run out of;has run outB.run out of;has run out ofC.run out;has run outD.run out;ha
36、s been run out(4)These new types of energy cost very little and will never _.A.look outB.come outC.run outD.stay out(5)这种新能源将用之不尽，而且几乎不产生污染。_【知识点三知识点三】：】：make a difference to(1)有作用，有关系，有影响(2)变体：make no/some/much difference to如：The rain didnt make much difference to the game.Changing schools made a b
37、ig difference to my life.(3)tell the difference between A and B：区分 A 和 B 的不同如：I can never tell the difference between the twins.(4)be different from：不同于(5)构词法：以 t 结尾的形容词，tce，得到相对应的名词如：importantimportanceabsentabsenceconfidentconfidence(1)Shall we go on Friday or Saturday?Either day is OK.It makes no
38、 _ to me.A.choiceB.changeC.differenceD.decision(2)He didnt notice the _(different)between the two pictures though they were obvious.(3)采取一些简单的措施，那么你会对地球产生巨大的影响。_6.Moreover,they produce little pollution.【知识点一知识点一】：】：moreover(1)(avd.)此外，而且(2)同义句：Whats more 更重要的是(1)As an American,Tom is a big fan of Ch
39、inese kung fu._,he is crazy about Beijing Opera.A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.MoreoverD.Otherwise10(2)This kind of electric car is much safer._,it saves much energy.A.MoreoverB.HoweverC.ThereforeD.Otherwise【知识点二知识点二】：】：produce(1)(v.)生产，制造(2)不可数：农产品(3)producer(n.)生产商，制造商(3)product(n.)产品，制品，既可数也不可数 指生产出来的东西(4
40、)production(n.)生产，制造，不可数 指生产出这个动作，这一事情(1)如果我们立即行动起来，产生的污染会更少。_7.What do they do with old clothes?That sounds like a good idea.【知识点一知识点一】：】：句型句型(1)如何处理，如何做(2)what.do with.?=Howdeal with.?如：She knows how to deal with children.She knows what do with old books.(1)Would you please tell me _ to deal with
41、all the problems,editor?A.howB.whyC.whatD.which(2)Do you know _ A/H1N1 disease?Yes,we should have a good habit about health.A.how we should do withB.what we should do withC.how should we do withD.what should we do with(3)Many students dont know how to _ stress and become worried.I think theyd better
42、 ask their teachers for help.A.argue withB.deal withC.quarrel withD.come up with【知识点二知识点二】：】：sound like(1)sound(连系动词)+adj.(用作表语)如：Your cough sounds better.(2)sound like+名词或名词短语如：That sounds like a good idea.(1)What do you think of the song“You and Me”?It _ great.I love singing it.A.tastesB.looksC.sm
43、ellsD.sounds(2)Oh,it _ so nice.What beautiful music it is!A.smellsB.soundsC.tastesD.looks11(3)Whats the name of the song you sang just now?It _ beautiful.It is When Christmas Comes to Town.A.is soundedB.soundsC.is heardD.hears【Grammar】Passive voice in the simple future tense(被被动语态一般将来时动语态一般将来时)一一、被动
44、语态一般将来时的结构被动语态一般将来时的结构：1.will/shall+be+done2.be going to be done3.be to be done4.will/shall+get+done二、被动语态一般将来时的被动语态一般将来时的用法用法1.根据计划、安排，将要发生的被动动作2.注意：在时间、条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时的被动语态，而不是将来时如：if 条件、as soon as 时间、when 时间、not.until.时间【精选试题精选试题】(1)Have you finished your project?Not yet.Ill finish it if I _ ten
45、more minutes.A.giveB.am givenC.will giveD.will be given(2)These dictionaries _ the library again by you.A.will be taken out ofB.wont be taken out ofC.will take out ofD.wont take out of(3)Hundreds of jobs _ if the factory closes.A.loseB.will be lostC.are lostD.will lose(4)The class _ on everything th
46、ey have learnt this year.A.is going to be examiningB.are going to examineC.is going to be examinedD.are going to be examined(5)An exhibition of painting _ at the art museum when he comes back from abroad.A.is going to holdB.is going to be heldC.are going to holdD.are going to be held(6)When will you
47、 go back to your hometown?_.A.Not until the work is finishedB.Until the work is finishedC.After the work will be finishedD.As soon as the work will be finished(7)Please dont talk in class until you _.12A.were told toB.are told toC.were toldD.are told(8)You _ to take so much luggage with you on the p
48、lane.A.will be allowedB.will allowC.wont be allowedD.wont allow(9)Can you tell me by whom the talk _ tomorrow?A.will giveB.will be givenC.giveD.be given(10)It is reported that about 120 foreign soccer experts _ to teach soccer school students.A.inviteB.invitedC.was invitedD.will be invited(11)If it
49、doesnt rain tomorrow,the sports meet _ in the playground of our school.A.is holdingB.will holdC.will be heldD.is to be holding(12)Look,what have you done?Sorry.I think if I _ another chance.Ill do it better.A.giveB.will be givenC.will giveD.am given(13)Children _ to take more exercise if they have e
50、nough time.A.are encourageB.will encourageC.will be encouragedD.be encouraged(14)Were sure that the environment in our city _ greatly through our work in the near future.A.improvedB.was improvedC.has improvedD.will be improved(15)Your application wont _ until you complete the survey.A.acceptB.receiv