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1、优点英语高三英语培优外刊阅读班级：_学号：_姓名：_外刊精选充满戾气的时代，最大受害者就是他们？如今这个时代，为什么戾气越来越重？相信大家都曾在餐厅、咖啡厅等公共场合遇到对服务员大呼小叫的人，更有甚者，还可能会对对方拳脚相向。为什么服务人员会频频成为人们情绪的发泄口？要如何做，才能避免因情绪失控而伤及身边无辜的人呢？Why People Lash Out at Service WorkersBy Kate MorganWhether were willing to admit it, most people have treated a service worker poorly, at le
2、ast to some degree. Weve said things we regret to a customer-service representative, a flight attendant, a cashier or barista, usually sparked by something not that persons fault, or not in their control.Generally, humans are pretty inflexible. When routines get altered, this can unnerve people and
3、spike agitation. That undercurrent of stress has a tendency to boil over during mundane tasks, like grabbing coffee or a meal. That means a service worker can often be the person in the line of fire: suddenly, youre snapping at a waitress whos just trying to serve you some pancakes.This is because p
4、eople who arent in service positions can feel superior to people who are, and its much easier to punch down. Even though we shouldnt look at one occupation being higher in terms of a hierarchy than another, you naturally can fall into that trap and assume that youre superior, says Reena B Patel, a p
5、sychologist and behaviour analyst.You can make sure your better angels remain in control, she says, by using a persons name, instead of just thinking of them as a stranger youll never have to speak to again. Even though youre upset, youre acknowledging and reminding yourself that theyre a human, and
6、 they have feelings.【词汇过关】请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。1.barista brist n. _2.spark sprk v. _3.unnerve nnrv v. _4.agitation dten n._5.undercurrent n.drkrnt n. _6.hierarchy harrki n. _【词块学习】请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。1.怒斥，猛烈抨击；（肢体上）痛打，下狠手_2.不管某人承不承认._3.或多或少_4.客服人员，客户服务代表_5.控制不住，爆发；（液体）沸溢，煮溢_6.日常琐事_7.易遭到批评（或攻击、抛弃）_8.斥责（某
7、人）_9.（含有贬义色彩）有优越感_10.欺负弱小，仗势欺人；向下出拳_11.善良的天使_拓展练习阅读理解Based on a trial of a 35-hour workweek without a drop in pay among 2,500 workers in Iceland, the report, conducted by Autonomy, and the Association for Sustainability and Democracy, found that negative marker (标志) like burnout, stress, necessary o
8、vertime, and disconnection with friends and family all went down, but that productivity often improved in those shorter working hours. The principal theory is that “burnout” damages the ability of workers to be productive. The lack of production will occasionally necessitate overtime, especially by
9、managers, further increasing burnout and decreasing productivity. In those who cannot afford to be less productive, like nurses for example, burnout simply results in negative health outcomes.Hoping to see if they could copy the productivity gains in other countries, the Reykjavik City Council launc
10、hed this trial, mostly at public offices, but also in private firms, to measure performance and worker well-being for four years.Compared with firms or offices that werent involved in the trial, productivity was improved in those participating, but it wasnt free. Instead, a sort of mass re-imagining
11、 of operations was needed to achieve production or service goals with the reduced hours. This involved the shortening or ending of meetings, reorganization of shifts, and often a total reevaluation of work processes to find where inefficiencies could be removed.A manager of one office said, “We chan
12、ged our shift plans. This changed the way of thinking in the workplace somewhat automatically; you know, you start to rethink and become more flexible. Instead of doing things the same, usual routine as before, people reevaluated how to do things and suddenly people are doing things very differently
13、.”The reward of shorter working hours without loss of pay was a unifying force of collective desire. Besides, along with increased personal time and chances to exercise, participating working parents noted being able to spend more time with their kids, for men to be able to take on home-related task
14、s, and for both parents to do more chores and be less stressed out by doing them. Since the dawn of time, humans have been figuring out how to do more with less. Cloud storage, file sharing, instantaneous communication (瞬时通信), the Internetthese have all reduced the amount of time it takes to complet
15、e tasks in the workplace.12.Why is shorter working hours good for productivity?A.It encourages workers to cooperate.B.It makes workers work actively.C.It improves workers creativity.D.It helps workers keep energetic.13.Why are the words of a manager of one office mentioned in Paragraph 5?A.To explai
16、n a rule.B.To define a concept.C.To make a prediction.D.To support a conclusion.14.What is the positive effect of shorter working hours on employees?A.More positive qualities.B.Increased life satisfaction.C.More positive attitudes to life.D.Improved working relationships.15.What makes shorter workin
17、g hours possible?A.The advances in technology.B.The progress of the social system.C.The promoted policies on science.D.The increasing demand for well-being.外刊精选答案【词汇过关】请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。1.barista brist n. （源自意大利语）咖啡师2.spark sprk v. 引起，触发3.unnerve nnrv v. 使紧张、恐惧、丧失信心4.agitation dten n. 焦虑，烦乱5.undercu
18、rrent n.drkrnt n. （通常指负面的）潜在的情绪；（本义）暗流6.hierarchy harrki n. 等级制度【词块学习】请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。1.lash out at somebody怒斥，猛烈抨击；（肢体上）痛打，下狠手2.whether somebody is willing to admit it不管某人承不承认.3.at least to some degree或多或少4.customer-service representative客服人员，客户服务代表（缩写为CSR）5.boil over（情绪）控制不住，爆发；（液体）沸溢，煮溢6.munda
19、ne task日常琐事7.in the line of fire易遭到批评（或攻击、抛弃）8.snap at somebody斥责（某人）9.feel superior（含有贬义色彩）有优越感10.punch down欺负弱小，仗势欺人；向下出拳11.better angels善良的天使【全文翻译】人们为什么会对服务人员发脾气不管你是否愿意承认，大多数人或多或少都对服务人员发过脾气。我们都曾对客服、空乘、收银员或咖啡师说过一些让自己事后后悔的话，尽管事情的起因通常并非对方的过错，或者并不是他们能控制的。 一般来讲，人并不擅长变通。一旦例行常规发生变动，就会让人紧张、烦躁。这种潜在的压力很容易在
20、买咖啡或点餐等日常琐事中爆发。这就意味着，服务人员通常会成为你的“出气筒”：你会突然冲餐厅女服务生发火，而她只不过给你端上松饼而已。这是因为面对服务人员，不从事服务工作的人会有一种优越感，很容易做出仗势欺人的事。心理学家兼行为分析师丽娜B帕特尔（Reena B Patel）表示：“尽管我们不应认为某一种职业的地位高于另一种职业，但是你会不自觉地陷入这种思维陷阱，认为自己更为优越。”帕特尔谈到，你要确保自己本性中善的一面发挥主导作用；要想做到这一点，你可以用对方的名字来称呼他们，而不是把他们当成再也说不上话的陌生人。“即使很生气，你也要承认并提醒自己：他们也是人，他们也有感情。”拓展练习阅读理解参考答案：12.D13.D14.B15.A