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1、postanesthesia shiveringHuang YayiPostanesthesiashivering?spontaneous,involuntary,tremor-likemuscle-hyperactivityClinical ConsiderationsvHypothermia:vasodilatationheatlossPrevention&ManagementvPhysical treatmentnShiveringthreshold:nRaisetemptoinhibitpostoperativeshiveringnRadiationheatsystemnForceda
2、irwarmer:Prevention&ManagementvMedical treatmentnOpiates:MeperidinenCentralstimulant:Doxapramn2-AdrenergicAgonists:ClonidinenInhibitreuptakeof5-HT,NE:Tramadol,Ketanserin,NefopamandOndensetronnOtherdrugsConclusion vHypothermiaishighriskvPreventionofhypothermiaconsistsoflimitingheatlossandactiverewarmingsystemvEffectivetreatmentisnecessaryvSkinsurfacerewarmingislessefficientthenmedicaltreatmentor,incertainsituationsvsuggestedthatpainandthermoregulationaretightlyconnectedvNosinglestructureorpathwayisresponsiblefortheshiveringresponseWisheveryonehappy