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1、新教材人教版 英语选择性必修第三册UNIT 2UNIT 2高频词汇 知识点清单 UNIT 2 HEALTHY LIFESTYLE 目录高频词汇精讲1. in response to 回答；答复2. reward n.回报；奖励；报酬vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬3. rely on/upon依赖；依靠；信赖4. make up ones mind 下定决心5. be posed of由组成(或构成)的6. disturb vt,打扰；搅乱；使烦恼；使焦虑；使不安7. consultant n.顾问；高级顾问医师8. skipvt.跳过；不参加；悄悄溜走vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳绳n.蹦跳9. stre
2、ssed out焦虑不安；心力交瘁10. worn out筋疲力尽的；疲惫的；废旧的；破烂不堪的11. refresh vt.使恢复精力；使凉爽；刷新；提醒12. absorb vt.吸引全部注意力；吸收；理解；掌握；使并入；吞并 高频词汇积累 结构1. as sb. wrote/said正如某人所写/所说 动词不定式(3)作主语一、动词不定式作主语的用法 二、动词不定式作主语和动名词作主语的区别 三、“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法we all know. =She, as we all know, can speak three languages.我们都知道她会说三种语言。结构拓展as引导时
3、间状语从句时，可以表示“某事一发生，另一件事立即发生”，也可以表 示“在某事发生的过程中另一件事发生”，或者表示“两个动作同时发生”。 The students rushed out of the classroom as the bell rang.铃声一响，学生们就冲出了教室。（某事一发生，另一件事立即发生） The earthquake happened as they were taking a class.他们正在上课的时候地震发生了。（在某事发生的过程中另一件事发生） As the story of the legendary headmaster Zhang Guimei was
4、 reported, everyone was in tears.当传奇校长张桂梅的事迹被报道的时候，所有人都流泪了。（两个动作同时发生）as表示“因为，由于”，引导原因状语从句，可放在主句前或主句后。 As he wasnt ready in time, we went to the cinema without him.由于他没有及时准备好，我们就去看电影了，没有等他。as表示“虽然，尽管，即使”，引导让步状语从句，从句通常位于主句前，并采用 倒装语序把从句的表语、状语或谓语中的实义动词放在as前面（此时as可以用though 代替）。 Hot as the night air was,
5、we slept deeply because we were so tired.虽然夜晚的空气很热，但我们睡得很熟，因为我们太累了。as表示“照方式”，引导方式状语从句，从句置于主句之后。 You should do as the teacher tells you.你应当依照老师所说的去做。as表示“像一样”，引导比较状语从句，在从句中常省略与主句相同的部分。 I hope he is as friendly as he used to.我希望他像以前一样友好。Sentence 1译文这些不良习惯如果任其发展，在他们长大成人后可能会导致更严重的有害习惯。Sentence 2译文 因此，当我
6、们再次感到不高兴时（触发因素），我们可以听一些自己最喜爱的音 乐（惯常行为），而不是吃零食，这会使我们感到放松（回报）。Sentence 3译文例如，当我们走到电梯前的时候（触发因素），我们的惯常行为是乘坐电梯，但 是我们可以改为走楼梯，从而将上述惯常行为改变为一个更积极的事情。Sentence 4译文 每次和朋友们出去时，我都会从家里带零食，也就是没有添加任何糖分的东西： 水果、坚果、肉干等。动词不定式（3）作主语一、动词不定式作主语的用法情景导学1To change bad habits is never easy,改变不良习惯从来都不是一件容易的事情。用法归纳1动词不定式可放在谓语前面直
7、接作主语。情景导学2After all, it is not easy to get rid of bad habits.毕竟，戒除不良习惯并非易事。It seems impossible to persuade Jane to change her mind.说服简改变主意似乎是不可能的。It is a doctors duty to heal the wounded and rescue the dying. 救死扶伤是医生的职责。用法归纳2动词不定式短语作主语时，为了句子结构的平衡，常用it作形式主语,真 正的主语置于后面。结构为It is+adj. /n. +to do sth. o
8、情景导学3It is impolite of you to disturb others.你打扰他人是不礼貌的。During this period, it can be easy for some of them to form bad habits. 在这一时期，他们中的一些人容易养成不良习惯。用法归纳3在“It is+adj. (+for/of sb. )+to do sth. ”句型中,如果形容词说明的是人的性格 或特征,如 careless、clevers good、kind、foolishs honest、lazy、nice、silly、wise、 impolite等，不定式的逻辑
9、主语需由of弓I出。如果形容词说明的是不定式的性 质，如 difficult、easy、hard、important、impossible 等,则由 for引出不定式的 逻辑主语。情景导学4It took us two years to build the bridge connecting the two provinces. 建造连接这两个省份的大桥花费了我们两年时间。It seldom occurred to them to take a moment to see whats around them. 他们很少想到花点时间看看他们周围的东西。用法归纳4固定句型：Ittakes/took
10、sb. some time to do sth. ； It occurs/occurred to sb. to do sth,用It作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式(短语)。情景导学5To get enough protein each day is beneficial to our health.每天摄取足够的蛋白质对我们的健康有益。To love and to be loved is sweet to us.爱与被爱对我们来说都是令人愉快的。To improve his familys standard of living and to achieve the masters deg
11、ree are his two important tasks.提高家庭生活水平和取得硕士学位是他的两项重要的任务。用法归纳5单个不定式（短语）作主语，谓语动词用 单数。两个或两个以上由and连接的 不定式（短语）作主语时，如果表述的语义不一致（两个概念），谓语动词用复数， 如果表述的语义一致（一个概念），谓语动词用单数。二、动词不定式作主语和动名词作主语的区别情景导学Reading is my hobby, which nearly takes up all my spare time.阅读是我的爱好，它几乎占用了我所有的空余时间。To plete the program needs muc
12、h effort,完成这项计划需要很多努力。To see is to believe.二Seeing is believing.眼见为实。用法归纳动词不定式和动名词作主语的区别:不定式 作主语特指一次性的、具体的动 作; 动名词 作主语泛指一般的或习惯性的动作。且作主语和表语的不定式或动名 词需要保持一致。特别提醒动名词作主语的常见句型：Its no use/no good doing sth.做某事没有用/没有女子处。Its a waste of time doing sth.做某事浪费时间。Its useless doing sth.做某事没有用。三、“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法情景导学H
13、ow to use the puter is a question,如何使用电脑是个问题。I dont know how to get there,我不知道如何到那儿。My question is where to find the answer.我的问题是在哪里找到答案。用法归纳动词不定式可与疑问词how、what、when、where等连用，构成疑问词+不定式 结构，作主语、宾语或表语。即时巩I .单句语法填空1. It took him a long time to acquire the skills he needed to bee a good dancer.2. As for m
14、e, to learn (learn)a language is to learn its culture.3. Its very brave of you to convey all your opinions at the conference.4. To enter a key university and to find a wellpaid parttime job are (be) her two main tasks now.5. It is necessary for us to help those who are in need.6. It is no use plaini
15、ng (plain), We should try to find a solution to the problem.II.完成句子1 .众所周知，对外国人来说精通汉语是非常困难的。As is known to all, it is very difficult for foreigners to have a good mand of Chinese.2 .我突然想到每天抽出半个小时的时间去健身房锻炼。It occurred to me to spare half an hour to work out in the gym every day.3 .说实话，下一步该做什么是你们面临的最大
16、的问题。Honestly speaking, what to do next is the biggest problem that you are faced with.高频词汇精讲1. in response to 回答；答复Secondly, there is a “routine” , the regular action you take in response to the cue. 第二，有一个“惯常行为”，即你响应触发因素而采取的常规行动。（教材P14） 词汇拓展response n.回答，回复；反应；响应 a） response to.对的回答/回应make a respon
17、se to. 对,作出 回答/反应make no response to.对没有作出回答 We are looking forward to your response.我们期盼着你的回复。（写作一结尾） With the help of his teammate, the operator made a quick response to the event. 在他的队友的帮助下，这个操作员对事件作出了快速的反应。respond v.回答；作出反应respond to回答/回复；对作出反应respond that.回答/回复 We do not respond to every candid
18、ate,我们不会回应每一位候选人。（2021 北京） He responded that he would be very honored to attend the art exhibition.他回答说他很荣幸参加此次艺术展。2. reward n.回报；奖励；报酬vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬Thirdly, there is the reward , the good thing or feeling we get from the routine. 第三，有“回报”，即我们从惯常行为中获得的美好事物或感受。（教材P14） 情景导学The pany gave him a reward fo
19、r his positive attitude.公司因他积极的态度给予了他奖励。The English teacher wanted to reward her students for their good performance and great progress in the exam.因学生们在考试中的良好表现和巨大进步，英语老师想奖励他们。If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice.如果猴子触摸屏幕左侧，它们将
20、获得七滴水或果汁作为奖励。（2019全国III）用法归纳名give sb. a reward for （doing）sth,因（做）某事而给某人奖励动reward sb.with sth.用某物奖励/酬谢某人reward sb.for （doing）sth.因（做）某事而奖励/酬谢某人词汇拓展rewarding adj.有意义的，值得做的；令人满意的；令人有所收获的 It has been fairly rewarding, ” she says- ua really positive change.她说：“这是相当有意义的一个非常积极的改变。”（2022浙江1月）易混辨析award, rew
21、ard, prizeawardVt.奖励；授予；给予award sb. sth. =award sth. to sb.授予/奖励某人某物n.奖品；奖；奖金；奖状常用于奖项名称；表示对成就的肯定或表彰； 强调荣誉，不强调奖品的大小或奖金的多少rewardvt.报答；酬谢；奖赏reward sb. for sth.因某事报答某人reward sb. with sth.用某物酬谢某人n.报酬；回报多指对工作或服务等的“回报”prizen.奖赏，奖励，奖品，奖金多指在各类竞赛、竞争中所赢得的奖He was awarded the first prize for his excellent perfor
22、mance in the petition. 他因在比赛中的精彩表现获得一等奖。3. rely on/upon依赖；依靠；信赖.the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed.依赖不健康的小吃的坏习惯就形成了。（教材P15）情景导学Nowadays students rely mainly on the Internet for news. 现在学生们主要依赖网络获得新闻。（写作一网络的利与弊）I rely on it that my mother can offer me some practical and helpful su
23、ggestions when I get into trouble.我相信，当我陷入困境时，我妈妈能给我一些切实可行、有帮助的建议。My host family are big fans of country music, so I can always rely on them to introduce me to some great songs.我的寄宿家庭是乡村音乐的狂热粉丝，所以我总是可以依靠他们来初次接触一些好歌 曲。（译林选择性必修一） 用法归纳rely on/upon sb. /sth. to do /doing sth,依靠某人/某物做某事rely on/upon sb. /
24、sth. for sth.依靠某人/某物获得某物（3）rely on/upon it that.相信，指望词汇拓展rely vi.依赖；依靠；信赖reliable adj.可靠的，可信任的unreliable adj.不可靠的，不能信赖的There is no doubt that its not reliable/its unreliable to judge a man only by his look. 毫无疑问，单凭容貌来判断一个人是不可靠的。reliably adv.可靠地，可信任地reliability n.可靠性4. make up ones mind 下定决心We need t
25、o make up our minds and show some discipline.我们需要下定决心展示出一些自制力（教材P16）情景导学Im glad to learn that you have made up your mind to improve your Chinese.我很高兴了解到你下定决心提高你的汉语水平。（写作一语言学习）用法归纳make up ones mind to do sth,下定决心做某事make up ones mind wh/that. 下定决/b特别提醒在make up ones mind中，当代词表示复数概念时，mind也常用复数。词汇拓展in on
26、es mind在某人的心目中/脑海中on ones mind惦念；挂在心上bear/keep sth, in mind将某事记在心、中bear/keep in mind that.己住You must keep in mind that you are supposed to review words and phrases that you have learned as often as possible.你必须记住，你应该尽量多复习你学过的单词和短语。（写作一语言学习）crowd ones mind涌上某人的心头When he saw the scene, all those sweet
27、 memories with his family crowded his mind.Then he burst into tears.当他看到这一幕时，他与家人所有的那些美好回忆涌上了心头，然后他突然大哭了起 来。（读后续写一情感描写）change ones mind改变主意Once my sister has made up her mind, nothing can change her mind.一旦我姐姐下定决心，什么也改变不了她的主意。e/spring to mind突然记起（或想到）bring/call. to mind想起,，己起5. be posed of由组成（或构成）的L
28、ife is posed of many elements, such as family, friends, study, work, entertainment, and so on.生活是由很多元素组成的，比如家庭、朋友、学习、工作、娱乐等等。（教材P16） 词汇拓展B be posed of A=B be made up of A=B consist of A B 由 A 组成（或构成）A make up B A组成或构成BAs we all know, life consists of/is posed of/is made up of not only the present su
29、rvival, but also poetry and the distance.众所周知，生活不只有眼前的苟且，还有诗和远方。（读后续写一主旨升华）特别提醒consist of不用于被动语态。posev.组成；作曲/撰写；使镇静It is said that ten men pose the mittee.据说这个委员会由十个人组成。poser n.（尤指古典音乐的）作曲家position n.成分；构成,作曲；（音乐、艺术、诗歌的）作品6. disturb vt,打扰；搅乱；使烦恼；使焦虑；使不安It was not polite to disturb your neighbours wi
30、th loud music last night.昨晚用大声的音乐打扰你的邻居是不礼貌的。（教材P17）情景导学It disturbed me to hear about the bad news,听到这个坏消息我心里感到很不安。用法归纳It disturbed/disturbs sb. to do sth.做某事使某人感到不安/焦虑。词汇拓展disturbing ad（事物等）弓I起烦恼的；令人不安的 a disturbing piece of news一则令人不安的消息disturbed adj.不安的，烦恼的；精神失常的be disturbed by/about/at.对感到不安/烦恼b
31、e disturbed to find/see/learn, 一 发现/看至U/得知很担心 I was disturbed by the bad news.这个坏消息让我担心。 He is very disturbed about the situation there.他对那儿的局势感到很不安。 I am disturbed to learn that you are having trouble in getting along with others.得知你在与人和睦相处方面有困难，我感到担心。（写作一建议信开头）disturbance n.干扰，打扰表示打扰，烦扰”意义的词还有：ann
32、oy ； bother ； trouble ； worry7. consultant n.顾问；高级顾问医师fitness consultant 健康顾问(教材 P17)情景导学The manager needs a consultant on the application of Al.经理需要一个人工智能应用方面的顾问。用法归纳a consultant on .方面的顾问a software/business/fitness consultant 软件/商业/健康顾问词汇拓展consult v.咨询，请教；商量，商讨；查询，查阅consult(with)sb. about sth.咨询/请
33、教某人某事consult(with)sb. about/on sth.就某事与某人商量consult a dictionary查字典He consulted with his doctor about how much exercise he should take every day. 他向医生咨询了每天他应该做多少运动。Lily will consult with her sister on what they should cook for their mother.莉莉将和她姐姐商量她们应该为妈妈做什么饭菜。易混辨析consult, refer to, look up词条相同点不同点c
34、onsult/ refer to三者都可以用来表示 查阅，参考”宾语有所不同consult/refer to a book/ dictionary/.look uplook up sth. in a book/dictionary/.8. skipvt.跳过；不参加；悄悄溜走vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳绳n.蹦跳skip breakfast不吃早餐（教材P17）情景导学Lets skip over this page to page 55.咱们跳过这一页，看第五十五页。The news report below is about a teenage girl who tried to lose we
35、ight by skipping meals.下面的新闻报道是关于一个十几岁的女孩试图通过不吃饭来减肥的。（译林必修一）用法归纳skip over跳过,略过skipto跳到skipoff/out溜走；突然离去skip it别提这事儿skip school/class 逃学/逃课9. stressed out焦虑不安；心力交瘁After starting high school, I felt stressed out.开始上高中后，我感到焦虑不安（教材P20）词汇拓展stress v.强调；（使）焦虑不安；重读n.压力；强调；重音；重读stress out/stress sb. out（使）焦
36、虑不安，疲惫不堪under stress在压力之下lay/put stress on强调Sleeplessness before the exam stresses the student out.考前失眠让那个学生焦虑不安。The study shows that people may make mistakes easily when they are under stress. 研究表明人们在压力之下可能容易犯错误。Our English teacher puts great stress on the pronunciation.我们的英语老师非常注重发音。stressed（二stre
37、ssed out） ad焦虑不安；心力交瘁stressful adj.紧张的，充满压力的a stressful job一份充满压力的工作10. worn out筋疲力尽的；疲惫的；废旧的；破烂不堪的Playing was fun, but I felt even more worn out afterwards!玩儿是有趣的，但后来我觉得更累了！（教材P20）情景导学Cold and worn out, he lay on the bed and fell asleep quickly.他又冷又疲惫，躺在床上很快就睡着了。（读后续写一状态描写）An old man walked up to T
38、om with a walking stick, whose shoes were worn out, 一个 拄着拐杖的老人走向汤姆，这位老人的鞋子破得不能再穿了。（读后续写一外貌描写） 词汇拓展wear well耐用,耐穿，耐磨It is said that the cloth wears well, so it sells very well.据说这种布很耐磨，所以它很畅销。wear （sth. ）out用坏；穿破；磨损wear sb. out使某人筋疲力尽；使某人厌烦A whole day of climbing has totally worn the students out.一整天
39、的攀登已经完全把学生们累坏了。11. refresh vt,使恢复精力；使凉爽；刷新；提醒I get refreshed through climbing.攀岩使我精神焕发（教材P20）情景导学It was so hot in the summer days that Tom refreshed himself with a cool shower.夏天天气很热，汤姆冲了个凉水澡凉快凉快。You can get refreshed through doing sports after a tiring working day.经过了一个劳累的工作日之后，你可以通过做运动来恢复精神。用法归纳re
40、fresh sb.with sth.用某物使某人凉爽/恢复精力refresh ones memory 提醒自己get refreshed精神焕发词汇拓展refreshing adj.令人耳目一新的；别具一格的refreshments U焕发精神；恢复活力；pl（在公共场所供应或销售的）饮料，小食 12. absorb vt.吸引全部注意力；吸收；理解；掌握；使并入；吞并To absorb stress effectively, however, you must be sure to do something that pletely takes your mind off everythin
41、g else.然而，为了有效地吸收压力，你一定要做一些完全把你的注意力从一切其他事情上转 移开的事情。（教材P22）情景导学People absorbed this virus into their bodies with their meals.人们在吃饭的时候把这种病毒引入了体内。The film Happy Feet totally absorbed the children.电影快乐的大脚完全吸引了孩子们的注意力。用法归纳absorb. .into .把吸收进,使并入absorb sb.吸引某人的注意力词汇拓展absorbed adj.全神贯注的be absorbed in全神贯注于S
42、itting around the campfire, we are absorbed in the amusing performances.我们围坐在篝火旁，沉浸在有趣的表演中。（读后续写一场景描写）absorbing ad引人入胜的，十分吸引人的Children will find other exhibits equally absorbing.孩子们会发现其他展品一样吸引人。（写作一参观文物）absorption n.吸收；同化；专注表示全神贯注于的短语还有：be lost in ；be buried in高频词汇积累词汇释义用法&拓展abusen.滥用；虐待；辱骂 vt.滥用；虐待
43、；辱骂alcohol/drug abuse 酗酒/嗜毒 abuse of power滥用职权dominatevi.&vt.支配；控制；占有优 势domination n.支配；统治psychologyn.心理学；心理；心理影响psychological adj.心理的；心理学的 psychologist n.心理学家facilitatevt.促进；促使；使便利facility n.设施；附加服务 facilitation n.容易化；简便化negativeadj.消极的，有害的；否定的反：positive adj,积极的；有助益的；肯定的straight away立即；马上表示“立即；马上”的
44、单词/短语还有： immediately right aways at once、right nowx without delay、in no timepessimisticadj.悲观的；悲观主义的pessimism n.悲观主义阅读中常见的表示观点态度的词：positive积极乐观 的、objective 客观的、indifferent 不感兴趣、doubtful 怀疑、uncertain不确定的disciplinen.自制力；纪律；学科Vt.自我控制；管教；处罚discipline sb. for (doing) sth,因(做)某事而处罚某人 discipline oneself (t
45、o do sth.)严格要求自己(做某事)specialistn.专科医生；专家 adj.专业的a specialist in. 个方面的专豕stimulatevt.激发；促进；刺激stimulation n,鼓励；刺激dynamicadj.充满活力的；精力充沛 的；动态的近:energetic adj,精力充沛的；充满活力的edyn.喜剧；喜剧片；滑稽节目反:tragedy n.悲剧；悲惨的事结构1. as sb. wrote/said正如某人所写/所说As the Chinese philosopher Laozi wrote, A journey of a thousand miles
46、begins with a single step.正如中国哲学家老子说的：“千里之行，始于足下。”（教材P15）情景导学As my English teacher said, you will never be regretful if you try your best.正如我的英语老师所说，如果你尽自己最大的努力，你将永远不会后悔。用法归纳assb. wrote/said意为正如某人所写/所说，其中as引导非限制性定语从句。 特别提醒as弓导非限制性定语从句时，常翻译为“正如”，从句可位于句首、句中或句尾。As we all know, she can speak three languages. =She can speak three languages, as