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1、Private SpaceshipsZ Z1 Learning AZ All rights reserved.www.readinga-Focus Question:How and why has space travel evolved?Book SummaryText Type:Nonfiction/InformationalHave you ever dreamed of traveling to space?That dream is now accessible to more people than its ever been.Private Spaceships describe
2、s the recent shift toward a new era of private space flight.The book can also be used to teach students how to determine an authors purpose for writing and the proper use of adjectives.The book and lesson are also available for levels Z1 and Z2.Guiding the ReadingBefore ReadingBuild BackgroundCreate
3、 a KWLS chart on the board with four columns.Introduce and explain the KWLS/ask-and-answer-questions worksheet.Review or explain that the K stands for knowledge we know,the W stands for information we want to know,the L stands for the knowledge we learned,and the S stands for what we still want to k
4、now about the topic.Write the word spaceships on the board and ask students what they know about the topic.As students share their knowledge,fill in the first column(K)on the board.Add the word private to the board,changing the phrase to private spaceships.Talk about what the word private means and
5、how it changes the meaning of the phrase.Add any new information to the first column on the board.Have students complete the same section of their worksheet.Introduce the Book GivestudentstheircopyofPrivate Spaceships.Guidethemtothefrontandbackcoversandreadthe title.Have students discuss what they s
6、ee on the covers.Encourage them to offer ideas as to what type of book it is(genre,text type,and so on)and what it might be about.Show students the title page.Discuss the information on the page(title of book,authors name).Previewthetableofcontentsonpage3.Remindstudents that the table of contents pr
7、ovides an overview of the book.Ask students what they expect to read about in the book,on the basis of what they see in the table of contents.(Accept all answers that students can justify.)Introduce the Reading Strategy:Ask and answer questionsExplain to students that having prior knowledge about a
8、topic,and asking and answering questions while reading,can help readers understand and remember information in a book.Direct students to the“Words to Know”box on the copyright and model asking questions about the list of words.Ask students what they would like to know about Lesson EssentialsInstruct
9、ional Focus Ask and answer questions to understand text Determine authors purpose Describe information provided by captions Identify and use adjectives and identify the nouns they describe Read and understand number wordsMaterials Book:Private Spaceships (copy for each student)KWLS/ask and answer qu
10、estions,authors purpose,adjectives,number words worksheets Discussion cards Book quiz Retelling rubricVocabularyBoldface vocabulary words also appear in a pre-made lesson for this title on VocabularyAZ.com.WordstoKnowStory critical:capsule(n.),commercial(adj.),missions(n.),orbit(n.),re-entry(n.),spa
11、cecraft(n.)Enrichment:aeronautics(n.),altitude(n.),destinations(n.),docked(adj.),robotic(adj.),satellites(n.)Academicvocabulary:available(adj.),beyond(prep.),continue(v.),position(n.),return(v.),technology(n.)Private SpaceshipsZ Z2 Learning AZ All rights reserved.www.readinga-private spaceships.Have
12、 them fill in the second column(W)of their worksheet.Write their questions on the class chart.As students read,encourage them to ask questions and record them on their KWLS/ask-and-answer-questions worksheet.Introduce the Comprehension Skill:Authors purpose Explaintostudentsthatauthorshaveapurpose,o
13、r reason,for what they write.Write the words inform,entertain,and persuade on the board.Explain to students that to inform means to provide information,to entertain means to amuse,and to persuade means to convince another to think a certain way.Havestudentsturntopage8andreadthefirstparagraph with a
14、partner.Ask students what they think the authors purpose is on the basis of the information(to inform).Invite students to share their thoughts with the class.VocabularyHave students turn to the“Words to Know”box on the copyright page.Discuss each word with students.Then,have students turn to the glo
15、ssary on page 16.Explain that the glossary provides definitions for the vocabularywordsinthebook.Pointouttheuseofeach content word and academic vocabulary word in the book,and then use each word in a different model sentence.Have students work in groups to create posters for these words.Have them in
16、clude on each poster the word and its part of speech,the definition,the word in an example sentence,and a picture illustrating the meaning of the word.Set the Purpose Havestudentsreadtofindoutmoreabouttheevolution of space travel.Write the Focus Question on the board.Invite students to look for evid
17、ence in the book to support their answer to the question.Havestudentsmakeasmallquestionmarkintheirbook beside any word they do not understand or cannot pronounce.These can be addressed in a future discussion.During ReadingText-Dependent QuestionsAs students read the book,monitor their understanding
18、with the following questions.Encourage students to support their answers by citing evidence from the book.What was the first reusable spacecraft?(level 1)page 4 Why has NASA stopped using space shuttles?(level3)page 5 What conclusions can you draw about space travel in the 1950s?(level3)page 6 What
19、do you think the outcome would have been if smaller companies never entered the space business?(level3)page 7 How would you summarize the effects of the Ansari X-Prize?(level 2)multiple pages How is SpaceShipOne related to SpaceShipTwo?(level3)pages8and9,page10 What facts would you select to support
20、 the idea that there are many reasons for space travel?(level3)multiple pages How would you test Bigelows private space stations?(level3)page 14Text Features:CaptionsExplain that captions clarify photographs and illustrations by describing the details in the image.Captions may provide the reader wit
21、h names,dates,and locations.Have students work with a group to reviewthephotographonpage13anditscaption.Ask students:How does the caption help the reader understand the purpose of the photograph in the book?How do captions clarify visual information?Why are captions an important tool for describing
22、images?Have students review other images in the book and discuss in groups what the captions describe.Invite volunteers to share their thoughts with the rest of the class.SkillReview Modelforstudentshowyouaskandrecordquestions while reading on the KWLS class chart.Invite volunteers to share their qu
23、estions.Discuss with students how their questions help them better understand the book.Havestudentsworkingroupstoperiodicallyreviewthe details they have read and discuss their effect on the reader.Have groups discuss their opinion on the authors purpose for writing each time they convene.Modelevalua
24、tingdetailstodeterminetheauthorspurpose.Think-aloud:The book is providing me with many details about how private spaceships are evolving space travel.The author explains how private companies are designing spacecrafts for everyday people to visit the edges of space and private space stations.All of
25、these facts give me new information on the topic,so I believe the authors purpose is to inform.Still,I will read to the end of the book,examining each detail,to see whether she has a different main purpose or more than one.Modelhowtocompletetheauthors purpose worksheet.Have students identify details
26、 from the book and circle them.Then,have students discuss the details with a partner and determine the authors purpose for the book.Guiding the Reading(cont.)Private SpaceshipsZ Z3 Learning AZ All rights reserved.www.readinga-After ReadingAsk students what words,if any,they marked in their book.Use
27、this opportunity to model how they can read these words using decoding strategies and context clues.SkillReviewWorksheet:Authors purposeReview the authors purpose worksheet that students completed.Have students share their work in groups.Invite volunteers to share with the rest of the class the deta
28、ils they chose,and have students point to the correct purpose on the board.Circle the word inform.Discuss with students the justification for choosing this purpose.Comprehension ExtensionDiscussion cards covering comprehension skills and strategies not explicitly taught with the book are provided fo
29、r extension activities.Response to Focus QuestionHave students cite specific evidence from the book to answer the Focus Question.(Answers will vary.Reasons should include how and why space travel has evolved.Samples:Space travel has evolved from government-funded missions to space exploration that i
30、s accessible to more people.In the past,only a few governments had enough money to explore space,but advances in technology and engineering make it possible for privately owned companies to build rockets,spaceships,satellites,and even space stations.)Comprehension Checks Book quiz Retelling rubricBo
31、ok Extension ActivitiesBuild SkillsGrammar and Mechanics:Adjectives Havestudentsfindandpointtooneadjective on page 14.Review with students or explain that adjectives are words that describe nouns and pronouns.Write the following sentence on the board:The final flight of the space shuttle marked the
32、end of one period in space travel.Ask students to count the number of adjectives in the sentence.Have volunteers come to the board and circle the adjectives in the sentence and underline the nouns they describe.Pointouttostudentsthatmorethanoneadjectivecan describe one noun and that adjectives can c
33、ome before or after the nouns they describe.Explain that some adjectives are hyphenated and that they are called compound adjectives.Check for understanding:Have students look through the book to locate adjectives.Ask them to share with a partner five adjectives they found and confirm which one(s)ar
34、e compound.Independent practice:Introduce,explain,and have students complete the adjectives worksheet.If time allows,discuss their answers.WordWork:NumberWords Explainthatwhenreading,readerswillsometimesencounter different symbols,numbers,and abbreviations within a text.Engaged readers read these pa
35、rts of the text fluently,just as they read the words.Havestudentsreadthelastparagraphonpage8.Ask them to find the numbers in the text with a partner.Review or explain that numbers written in standard form are called cardinal numbers and are used to describe an amount,a date,or a time.Pointoutthataca
36、rdinalnumberisreadinthesame manner as the written word for the number.Practicereadingthenumbers,symbols,andabbreviations aloud.Review or explain that the decimal point is read as point.Check for understanding:Have students work in pairs to identify and read the symbols,numbers,and abbreviationsonpage10.Askvolunteerstowritetheir word equivalents on the board.Independent practice:Introduce,explain,and have students complete the number words worksheet.If time allows,discuss their answers.Connections Seethebackofthebookforcross-curricularextension ideas.Guiding the Reading(cont.)