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1、新SAT写作评分标准解析在新SATEssay的评分中,将分数分成了三个维度:Reading, Analysis 和Writing。这里,我们通过对于评分标准进行简要分析,来看一篇 高分的Writing应该具备的条件。下图是SATEssay评分标准关于Wring部分的要求(依次为4分,3分,2分):我们对评分标准中的每一条进行对比分析:4:Theresponseincludesaprecisecentralclaim.3:Theresponseincludesacentralclaimorimplicitcontrollingidea.2:Theresponsemaylackaclearcent
2、ralclaimorcontrollingideaormaydeviatefro mtheclaimorideaoverthecourseoftheresponse.通过对比我们看到,新SATEssay要求有一个明确的precisecentralclaim,这个claim就是原文作者的观点。对于这个观点, 同学们其实大可不必担心,因为在每篇文章后面的prompt中会明确 给出作者的claim,如0G中的文章:上图中划线部分就是文章中作者所要表述的观点,各位同学记住 一定要对这个观点进行paraphrase而不是直接copy哦!我们看一组例子:GOOD:ltiscrucialthatnewsor
3、ganizationsincreasetheamountofforeignn ewscoverageprovidedtoAmericans.BAD:Thisisanarticletalkingaboutforeignnews.4:Theresponseincludesaskillfulintroductionandconclusion.Theresponsede monstratesadeliberateandhighlyeffectiveprogressionofideasbothwithinp aragraphsandthroughouttheessay.3:Theresponseincl
4、udesaneffectiveintroductionandconclusion.Theresponse demonstratesaclearprogressionofideasbothwithinparagraphsandthrough outtheessay.2:Theresponsemayincludeanineffectiveintroductionand/orconclusion.Ther esponsemaydemonstratesomeprogressionofideaswithinparagraphsbutn otthroughouttheresponse.通过对比我们可以看出
5、,新SATEssay要求学生在写作中包含 askillfulintroductionandconclusion,什么样的 introduction 和 conclusion 才是好的呢?我们不仅需要包含上一条评分标准中的claim,还要说明 作者如何去论证自己的观点,下面就是一个很好的例子:PeterS.Goodmanbuildsasolidargumentforthegrowingneedforforeig nnewscoverageandutilizesconcreteevidencejogicalreasoningandpersuasi veappealstonotonlyexposet
6、hepaucityofinternationalnewsneeds,butalsoc onvincehisaudiencethatitiscrucialthatnewsorganizationsincreasetheamo untofforeignnewscoverageprovidedtoAmericans.在具体分析作者的论证过程中,还需要注意文章的progression, 使用恰当的transitionalwords是一种有效的方式,如:Goodmanbeginsbyclearlylayingout;Goodmancloseshisargument;4:Theresponsehaswid
7、evarietyinsentencestructures.Theresponsedemonstra tesaconsistentuseofprecisewordchoice.Theresponsemaintainsaformalstyl eandobjectivetone.3:Theresponsehasvarietyinsentencestructures.Theresponsedemonstratess omeprecisewordchoice.Theresponsemaintainsaformalstyleandobjectivet one.2:Theresponsehaslimited
8、varietyinsentencestructures;sentencestructuresm ayberepetitive.Theresponsedemonstratesgeneralorvaguewordchoice;wo rdchoicemayberepetitive.Theresponsemaydeviatenoticeablyfromaformal styleandobjectivetone.通过对比我们可以看出,新SATEssay要求学生在写作中有多变的 句式和精确的词汇选择。但同学们要注意的是,多变的句式并不意味 着全文充斥着倒装句、强调句式等,SATOG中明确指出,需要 avo
9、idasimple/epetitivesubject-verbstructure,如:PeterS.Goodmanoffers.;Heappeals.;Goodmangives.;Hetalks.这种单一的主谓结构会使得文章枯燥,我们可以合理的使用从句、 非谓语动词和介词短语等完成考试中要求的句式变化,如:Whileonemightviewthisasselfish,Summersreassuresthereaderthatt heyarenotaloneinfeelingthiswayFurthercontributingtohisargument,.同样,精确的词汇选择并不意味着复杂的单词
10、,而是能够准确地表述意思的表达,如下面就是0G中给出的precisewordchoice:dramaticdecline,discussthecontextofthedecrease,use sthisirony,honesinonexamples,makeamorepowerfulimpressionontheread er,appealstotheindividual,alwaysreferencingthepracticalneed.最后,评分标准中提到aformalstyleandobjectivetone,也就是说在 写作中不可以给出自己的观点,而且尽量避免口语化的表达。4:Ther
11、esponseshowsastrongmandoftheconventionsofstandardwrittenEngli shandisfreeorvirtuallyfreeoferrors.3:TheresponseshowsagoodcontroloftheconventionsofstandardwrittenEngli shandisfreeofsignificanterrorsthatdetractfromthequalityofwriting.2:TheresponseshowsalimitedcontroloftheconventionsofstandardwrittenEn
12、glishandcontainserrorsthatdetractfromthequalityofwritingandmayimped eunderstanding.评分标准中最后提到的就是语言的规范,也就是语言表达的正确 性,可以看到,4分的文章几乎没有语言表达错误,3分的文章没有 大的语言表达错误(其实还是存在一些小的错误),2分的作文就存在 很多语言错误了。同学们容易犯的错误主要有:SpellingMistakes, Syntacticallyawkwardsentences, Run-onsentences, Sentencefragment 等。总的来说,新SATEssay在Writing的评分中希望考试做到:l.Makeaclaim.2anizeyourargument.3.Switchupyoursentences.4.Choosesmartwords.5.Useanacademictone.6.Usegoodgrammar.