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1、查补易混易错31词汇运用(四)选词填空完成句子STEP01解读考点考向根据汉语提示完成句子这一题型:最能衡量学生英语基础知识是否扎实,知识面是否 广泛,英语阅读中分析问题能力高低的综合性的一把尺度。因而也是中考时,考生困难最大,失 分最多,最感头痛的题型。(2)命题趋势:词汇运用在一些地市的考试中是必考题型,主要考查学生对词汇的运用能 力。做这类题时,要求学生理解句意和语境,从而选定正确的单词。为了做好这类题,同学 们一定要注意日常积累,不但要掌握具体各种句型,还要尽可能地多记单词。中考五星高频考点,题目难度中等,在全国各地中考试卷选填题中均有考查。-02易混易错归纳易错点01:不顾全局,只根

2、据自己的主观意图填写单词。要认真阅读全句,正确理解句意,虽 然题中已给出应填词的汉语注释,但英语与汉语并不是能完全一一对应的,因此正确理解全句 有利于准确判断所填的单词。易错点02:不顾单词在句子中的成分,盲目填写。正确的方法是要分析所填词充当的句子 成分,正确判断所填词的词性。若作谓语便需要用动词,并且动词有时态的变化。易错点03:词汇量不够,写错单词。要判断所填词应采用的正确词形。若为名词,应注意其 单复数、可数还是不可数及其所有格形式;若为动词,应注意人称、数、时态、语态及非谓语 动词形式;若为修饰语,应注意修饰名词或代词时用形容词,而修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句 时要用副词;若为代词,

3、注意代词的各种形式;若为形容词、副词,应注意比较等级变化;若为数 词,要注意基数词与序数词的正确选择。03真题好题演练2021 真题演练(2021浙江丽水市中考真题)Australia, nearly, suggest, till, take part in46. Im right here watching you come back.44 . were brought45 . wool【解析】 41.句意:珍妮提供的食物比我需要的多,所以我礼貌地拒绝了。根据“Jenny offered more food than I needed, so I refused”及备选词可知,此处指礼貌地拒

4、绝了,副词politely“礼貌地”修饰 动词 refuse,故填 politelyo句意:那位老先生有三个儿子,但没有一个和他住在一起。根据“The old gentleman has three sons”以及but可知,后半句表示转折,三个儿子一个都没有跟他住,none o中都没 有,故填noneo句意:当地人强烈反对在这里建动物园,因为这会造成污染。根据Local people are strongly. building a zoo here, which causes pollutiorT及备选词可知,因为会造成污染,所以 强烈反对,against“反对,故填against。句意:

5、据记载,葡萄是在汉代从欧洲传入中国的。根据“grapesto China from Europe in Han Dynasty”及备选词可知,此处介绍葡萄被传入中国的时间,bring“带来”,主语grapes 与动词bring之间是被动关系,根据“in Han Dynasty.”可知,此处用一般过去时被动语态 was/were done的结构,主语grapes是复数形式,助动词用were,故填were broughto 45.句意:当春天或秋天到来时,澳大利亚农民通常会剪羊毛。根据Australian fanners usually cut theoff sheep”可知,从羊身上剪下来的是羊

6、毛,wool “羊毛”,不可数名词,故填 wook(2022湖北武汉中考模拟)仔细阅读下面五个句子,然后用下面方框中所给的单词或短语填空,使每个句子在结构、 句义和逻辑上正确。(提示:方框中有二个单词或短语是多余的。)thirsty / products / won / called in / spread / moved / came in71. One day, a doctor was to examine the king.72. The piece which was played on the erhu especially me.73. China is good at maki

7、ng high-technology that people can buy everywhere.74. You were all so full of energy and for knowledge.75. Amy recently a prize from the Help Save Our Planet Society.【7175题答案】【答案】71. called in 72. moved 73. products74. thirsty75. won【解析】71题详解】句意:一天,一位医生被请来为国王做检查。根据“a doctor was.to examine the king”可

8、知, 一位医生被请来为国王做检查,called in“召来”符合语境,故填called in。【72题详解】句意:这首用二胡演奏的曲子特别让我感动。根据“The piece which was played on the erhu especiallyme.可知,二胡演奏的曲子打动了我,moved感动,打动”符合语境,故填movedo 【73题详解】句意:中国擅长制造人们在任何地方都能买到的高科技产品。根据China is good at making high-technology”可知,是制作高科技产品,products“产品”符合语境,故填products。【74题详解】句意:你们都充满

9、了活力和对知识的渴望。根据You were all so full of energy and.for knowledge.”可知,是充满对知识的渴望,thirsty“渴望的”,be thirsty for对充满渴望”, 故填 thirsty o【75题详解】句意:艾米最近获得了 “帮助拯救地球协会”的奖励。根据Amy recentlya prize from the Help Save Our Planet Society.”可知,是赢得奖励,won”赢得,获得”,在句中作谓语,故填won。47. I an environmental project last Saturday.48. Ca

10、rmen loves the singer Dan Dervish very much.49. If youre looking for some birthday gifts, here is my.50. It takes half an hour to get to the park from my home.【答案】46. till47. took part in48. Australian49. suggestion50. nearly【分析】46 .句意:我就在这儿看着你回来。此处需要连词连接两个句子,选择tir直到。引导时 间状语从句,故填till。47 .句意:上星期六我参加了

11、一个环境项目。此处需要动词作谓语,根据an environmental project”可知,选择take part in“参加”,根据“last Saturday”可知,是一般过去时,动词用过 去式,故填took part in。48 .句意:卡门非常喜欢澳大利亚歌手丹德维什。根据Dan Dervish”和常识可知,选择 Australia“澳大利亚”,此处作定语修饰singer,用其对应的形容词。故填Australian。49 .句意:如果你正在寻找一些生日礼物,这是我的建议。分析“If youre looking for some birthday gifts, here is my.和

12、备选词可知,sugges俨建议”符合语境,此处作表语表单数,用 名词形式,故填suggestion。50 .句意:从我家到公园几乎要花半个小时。分析“It takes. half an hour to get to the park from my home.”和备选词可知,nearly“几乎”符合语境,在句中作状语,故填nearly。(2021 湖北武汉市中考真题)仔细阅读下面五个句子,然后用下面方框中所给的单词或短语填空,使每个句子在结构、 句义和逻辑上正确。(提示:方框中有两个单词或短语是多余的。)spread/drop/mean/put out/stared/ courage/set

13、out6. It will bring danger to all ocean life if sharks* numbers too low.7. We shouldnt forget where we came from as we on our new journey.8. . Tom went to basketball practice with rather than fear in his heart the next day.9. They in disbelief at the black smoke rising above the burning building.10.

14、 John is and only thinks about himself and doesnt treat others nicely.【答案】6. drop7. set out8. courage9. stared10. mean【分析】6 .句意:如果鲨鱼数量下降太多,会给海洋所有生物带来危险。此空为谓语动词,根据 numbers和too low可知,此处指数量下降,这里主将从现,drop表示“下降”,主语是复 数,谓语动词用原形。故填drop。7 .句意:在我们开始新的旅程时,不要忘记我们来自哪里。根据“。n our new journey可 知此处指开始新旅程,set out on

15、 sth表示“开始做某事”。故填set out。8 .句意:第二天汤姆带着勇气而不是恐惧去参加篮球训练。rather than表示“而不是“,此 空为与fear相对的名词,courage表示勇气故填courageo9 .句意:他们难以置信地看着燃烧着的大楼上空升起的黑烟。此空为谓语动词,stare at sth表示“凝视某物”,事情发生在过去,stared为stare的过去式。故填stared。10 .句意:John是刻薄的,只想自己,对别人不友好。根据and only thinks about himself and doesnt treat others nicely.“可知John比较刻

16、薄,mean表示“刻薄的”,形容词作表语。故 填 mean。(2021贵州贵阳市中考真题)on fire, felt like, table manners, dreams of, in half, comes from1. Talking to your parents about your problems is like cutting it.2. Helen tried paragliding and she she was a bird. It was so exciting!3. Steve is going to Beijing to study, so he is asking

17、 his friend about the in China.4. The classics remind us not to forget our past and explain where our cultural confidence5. If you find something in the room, you should cut off the electricity and leave thehouse at once.【答案】1. in half2. felt like3. table manners4. comes from5. . on fire【分析】1 .句意:和你

18、的父母谈论你的问题就像把它切成两半。根据is like cutting it”及备选词汇 可知,此处指的是“分成两半”,故填in half。2 .句意:海伦试过滑翔伞,她觉得自己像只鸟。太刺激了!根据“Helen tried paragliding and she.she was a bird.”及备选词汇可知,此处指的是“感觉好像是“,应用feel like表达, 结合前句的动词可知,此处的动词用过去式,故填felt like。3 .句意:史蒂夫要去北京学习,所以他问他的朋友关于中国的餐桌礼仪。根据句意及备选 词汇可知,此处指的是“餐桌礼仪”,英语表达为table manners,故填tab

19、le manners。4 .句意:经典提醒我们不要忘记过去,解释我们的文化自信从何而来。根据“where our cultural confidence”及备选词汇可知,此处指的是“来自”,用come from表达,主语是不可 数名词,动词应用三单形式,故填comes from。5 .句意:如果你发现房间里着火了,你应该切断电源,马上离开房间。根据you should cut off the electricity and leave the house at once.”及备选词汇可知,此处指的是着火,英语 表达为on fire,故填on fire。(2021湖北十堰市中考真题)选择单词或词

20、组,用其适当的形式填空,使句子意思正确、通顺。(每词限用一次,其中两 词多余)die; politely; check out; fair; quarter; yours; clear out6 . My bike is broken. Mdy i uw /7 . Nearly three of the earths surface is covered by water.8 . I took lots of photos yesterday just to the new camera.9 . We Chinese feel sad that Dr. Wu Mengchao in May,

21、2021.10 . When you visit a foreign country, it is important to know how to ask for help.【答案】6. yours7. quarters8. check out9. died10. politely【分析】6 .句意:我的自行车坏了。我可以用你的吗?根据“My bike is broken. May I use”可知, 此处是想借用别人的自行车,结合备选词汇,yours“你的(自行车)”符合,故填yours。7 .句意:地球表面近四分之三被水覆盖。根据of the earths surface is cove

22、red by water”及 常识可知,此处指的是四分之三,three quarters“四分之三,故填quarters。8 .句意:我昨天拍了很多照片,只是为了检验新相机。根据句意及备选词汇可知,拍很多 照片的目的是检验新相机,check out“检验”,空格前有t。,此处动词用原形,故填checkOUto9 .句意:我们中国人对吴孟超博士在2021年5月去世感到难过。根据“Dr. Wu Mengchao” 及备选词汇可知,此处是die“去世”,由时间“in May, 2021”可知,句子应用一般过去时,动 词用过去式,故填died。10 .句意:当你去外国旅游时,知道如何礼貌地寻求帮助是很

23、重要的。根据“how to ask for help”及备选词汇可知,此处指的是“礼貌地”,修饰动词要用副词,故填politely。(2021 江苏连云港市中考真题)build; successful; chat with; be famous for; a great deal of; in danger; carry out; stand for; lose heart; be interested in31. Dorf t, ram, you win succeed next 11me.32. Our city is beautiful. It Mount Huaguo since a

24、long time ago.33. 一What are Paul and Bob doing these days?They a survey of after-school activities.34. It took Lisa time and effort to complete the project.35. Whaf s WWF exactly, Millie?一It World Wide Fund for Nature.36. After weeks of space travel, Chang e 5 brought back rocks from the moon.37. Th

25、ree new schools in our hometown next year, wont they?38. Today more and more foreign people Chinese folk music.39. Its reported that polar bears are because of global warming (全球变暖).40. Why werent you in the room at 10 oclock this morning, Betty?一Oh, I my grandma in the garden.【答案】31. lose heart32.

26、has been famous for33. are carrying out34. a great deal of35. . stands for36. successfully37. will be built38. are interested in39. in danger40. was chatting with【分析】31 .句意:Sam,别灰心。下一次你一定能成功!根据“You will succeed next time”可知,此 处是一个安慰的话,备选词lose heart“失去信心”符合,此句是否定祈使句,don*后接动词 原形,故填lose hearto32 .句意:我们

27、的城市很漂亮。在很久以前它就以花果山而闻名。根据“ItMount Huaguo since a long time ago”可知,以花果山而闻名,用be famous for表示“因而闻名“,since+一般过去时的句子,主句用现在完成时have/has done,主语it是第三人称,助 动词用 has, 故填 has been famous foro33 .句意:一Paul和Bob这些天正在做什么?一他们正在进行一项关于课外活动的调查。 根据a survey of after-school activities”可知,正在执行一个调查,carry ou俨执行”符合,根 据问句“aredoin

28、g”可知,答语应用现在进行时be doing的结构,主语they是复数形式,be 应用 are, 故填 are carrying out。34 .句意:Lisa花了大量的时间和精力来完成这个项目。根据力t took Lisatime”及备选 词,可知,此处表示“大量的时间”,用a great deal of表示“大量的,故填a great deal of。35 .句意:一Millie, WWF究竟是什么?一它代表世界自然基金会。根据Whats WWF exactly”可知,此处解释“WWF*弋表了什么,stand for表示“代表”,句子是一般现在时,主 语是第三人称,动词用三单形式,故填st

29、ands for。36 .句意:经过几周的太空旅行,嫦娥五号成功地从月球带回了岩石。句子不缺任何成 分,此空应填副词,备选词successful的副词successfully“成功地”符合,故填 successfully o37 .句意:明年我们家乡要建三所新学校,是吗?根据“Three new schoolsin our hometown”可知,此处表示建立学校,主语与动词build之间是被动关系,根据“next year” 可知,句子要用一般将来时被动语态will be done的结构,故填will be builto38 .句意:今天越来越多的外国人对中国民间音乐感兴趣。根据“more

30、and more foreign people.Chinese folk music”及备选词,可知,此处表示对民间音乐感兴趣,be interested in“对感兴趣”,句子是一般现在时,主语是复数形式,be用are,故填are interested ino39 .句意:据报道,由于全球变暖,北极熊处于危险之中。根据“because of global warming”及备选词,可知,全球变暖导致了北极熊处于危险之中,故填in danger。40 .句意:一Betty,今天早上10点钟你为什么不在房间?一哦,我正在花园里与我祖母 聊天。根据“my grandma”及备选词,可知,与祖母在聊

31、天,描述过去某个时刻正在发生的 事情用过去进行时was/were doing的结构,主语I是第一人称,故填was chatting witho2022 名校模拟(2022山东青岛市北区中考模拟)用所给词的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。volunteer, throw, work on, take down, plant41 . Emily the ball away and I cant find it anymore.42 . Many trees and flowers in our school every year, and they make our school abeautiful

32、 garden.43 . 一 Can I use your computer?一 Sorry, I it in two minutes.44 . The workers the old buildings when I passed by yesterday.45 . 一 Where is Mario?一 He at the animal hospital.【4145题答案】【答案】41. has thrown42. are planted43. will work on44. were taking down45. is volunteering【解析】41题详解】句意:艾米丽把球扔了,我找

33、不到它了。根据“Emilythe ball away”可知,此处表示“把 球扔了,throw “扔”,动词;又根据“I can3 find it anymore.”可知,这表示过去的动作 对现在造成的影响,因此该空是现在完成时;主语是单数,因此用助动词has, throw过去分 词是 thrown。故填 has thrown。【42题详解】句意:我们学校每年都种很多树和花,它们使我们学校成为一个美丽的花园。根据Many trees an flowers. .in our school every year可知,是这里指学校“种花”;plant “栽种,动 词;本句主语Many trees an

34、d flowersv与“plant”是被动关系,且时态是一般现在时,因 此这里是一般现在时的被动语态,主语是复数,因此be动词是are, plant过去分词是planted。 故填 are plantedo【43题详解】句意:我可以用你的电脑吗? 对不起,我会在两分钟后继续使用它。根据“in two minutes.”可知,in加一段时间与将来时连用表示“时间之后”,这里表示“在两分钟 后会继续使用。故填will work ono【44题详解】句意:昨天我经过的时候,工人们正在拆除旧建筑。根据theold buildings”可知,此处是 “拆除”旧建筑;take down “拆卸”;又根据u

35、 when I passed by yesterday.?可知,此处表 示“当我经过时”,因此本题空是过去进行时;主语The workers是复数,因此be动词 是 were, take 现在分词是 takingo故填 were taking down。【45题详解】句意:马里奥在哪里?他正在动物医院做志愿者。根据uHe.at the animal hospital.可知,此处表示他“正在”动物医院做志愿者,又根据问句“is”可知,本题是现在进行时, 主语“He”是第三人称单数,因此be动词是is, volunteer现在分词是volunteering。故填is volunteering o(

36、2022浙江嘉兴市一中实验学校中考模拟)用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空,每词限用一次。message twenty power thinkwin the heart of31. After 2022 Beijing Olympics, Gu Ailing young people in China.32. Eileen Gu-also known by her Chinese name, Gu Ailing once said in her speech: I encourage you all to step out of your comfort zone to show the boys

37、 that girls are just as as theyare!”33. I dont often make phone calls to my cousin, but I usually send to her.34. These photos show people what Jiaxing City looked like in the century.35. . He manages about fifty companies and to be one of the most successfulbusinessman in China.【答案】31. won the hear

38、t of32. powerful33. messages34. twentieth35. is thought【解析】句意:2022年北京奥运会之后,谷爱凌赢得了中国年轻人的心。根据“youngpeople in China.”可知,谷爱凌赢得了中国年轻人的心,win the heart of意为“赢得某人的心”;由After 2022 Beijing Olympics,可知,此处需用过去式。故填 won the heart of。句意:Eileen Gu谷爱凌的中文名字也叫谷爱凌,她曾在演讲中说:“我鼓励你们走出自 己的舒适区,向男孩们展示女孩和他们一样强大!”根据show the boys

39、 that girls are just asas they are!”可知,此处应该是一样的强大,powerful意为“强大的;asas之间用形容 词的原级。故填powerful。句意:我不常给表妹打电话,但我通常给她发短信。根据I dont often make phone calls to my cousin可知,此处应该是给她发短信,message意为“信息”;结合语境可知此处需用复 数形式。故填messages。句意:这些照片向人们展示了 20世纪嘉兴市的面貌。根据“These photos show people what Jiaxing City looked like”可知,应

40、该是嘉兴市20世纪的面貌,twenty意为“二十”,此处需用 序数词。故填twentieth。句意:他管理着大约50家公司,被认为是中国最成功的商人之一。根据“be one of the most successful businessman in China.”应该是被认为是中国最成功的商人之一,think意为“认 为;此处的主语He与think之间是被动关系,因此用被动语态。再由manages可知,此 处是一般现在时的被动语态,结构是:be+动词的过去分词;主语是he,因此be动词用 iso 故填 is thought。(2022浙江温州中考模拟)用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。bring

41、 wool polite against none41. Jenny offered more food than I needed, so I refused.42. The old gentleman has three sons but of them lives with him.43. Local people are strongly building a zoo here, which causes pollution.44. According to the record, grapes to China from Europe in Han Dynasty.45. When spring or autumn comes, Australian farmers usually cut the off sheep.【答案】41. politely42. none

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