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1、Hungry Right Here?A Reading AZ Level Z1 Leveled BookWord Count:1,813Visit www.readinga- for thousands of books and materials.HUNGRYHUNGRYWritingWhat can you do to help fight the epidemic of hunger?Write an essay highlighting three ways you can contribute to this cause and help fight hunger.Social St
2、udiesWhat are some organizations in your area that help hungry people?Pretend you are a spokesperson from one of the organizations.Write a public service announcement that encourages members of your community to support your organization.Connectionswww.readinga-VYZ1Written by Cynthia Kennedy HenzelL
3、EVELED BOOK Z1HUNGRYHUNGRYRight Here?20food assistance(n.)help given by federal programs to people who are in need of food(p.6)food banks(n.)groups or centers that collect food and give it to those who need it(p.12)food stamp(n.)a coupon or other document given by the government to help people buy f
4、ood(p.7)minimum wage(n.)the lowest hourly pay rate allowed by law(p.6)nonprofit(adj.)not made or done for the purpose of making a profit(p.13)outstripped(v.)was larger,faster,or better than something else;exceeded or overtook(p.6)poverty(n.)the state of being poor(p.6)surplus(adj.)more than what is
5、needed;left over or extra(p.7)www.readinga-Written by Cynthia Kennedy HenzelHUNGRYHUNGRYHUNGRYRight Here?Why is there an epidemic of hunger in the United States,and how can kids help to fight it?Focus Question2019Glossaryaccess(n.)a way of getting near to or entering something or someplace;a way of
6、being able to use or get something (p.4)awareness(n.)knowledge or understanding that something exists(p.14)benefits(n.)money or services given to someone by the government or a company(p.6)campaign(n.)a planned series of actions designed to reach a certain goal(p.17)census(n.)an official count of a
7、population in an area(p.6)epidemic(n.)a sudden occurrence of something harmful or unwelcome in a community that spreads quickly(p.5)federal(adj.)of or relating to a central government that shares power with separate states or regions(p.6)Hungry Right Here?Level Z1CorrelationLEVEL Z1WXN/A60Fountas&Pi
8、nnellReading RecoveryDRAPage 3:The first surplus food stamps let people trade a$1 stamp for$1.50 worth of food in 1939.Photo Credits:Front cover:Purcell Pictures,Inc./Alamy Stock Photo;back cover:Justin Sullivan/Getty Images;title page:John Moore/Getty Images;page 3:courtesy of Library of Congress P
9、rints&Photographs Division,LC-DIG-hec-26518;page 4:J-Elgaard/Vetta/Getty Images;page 7:Everett Collection Historical/Alamy Stock Photo;page 9:Bob Pennell/The Medford Mail Tribune/AP Images;page 13:Craig F.Walker/The Denver Post/Getty Images;page 14:Jim West/age fotostock;page 16:courtesy of The Food
10、 Drive Kid;page 17:Gundersen,C.,A.Dewey,A.Crumbaugh,M.Kato&E.Engelhard.Map the Meal Gap 2016:Food Insecurity and Child Food Insecurity Estimates at the County Level.Feeding America,2016;page 18:Realimage/Alamy Stock PhotoWords to Knowaccess awarenessbenefitscampaigncensusepidemicfederalfood assistan
11、cefood banksfood stampminimum wagenonprofitoutstrippedpovertysurplusHungry Right Here?Level Z1 Leveled Book Learning AZWritten by Cynthia Kennedy HenzelAll rights reserved.www.readinga-193Table of ContentsThe Invisible Epidemic .4Why People Cant Afford Food .5How Food Assistance Works .7The Politics
12、 of Hunger .10Filling the Gap .12Kids Can Make a Difference .14What Can I Do?.17 Glossary .19Hungry Right Here?Level Z118Find out what the local food bank and charities need and at what time of year the need is greatest.Share what you find with friends,family,and neighbors.Most people dont know a lo
13、t about hunger in their own communities.Let them know by writing a letter to your local newspaper.Write a report on hunger in your community and present it to your class.Write letters to your representatives in Congress and to your state and local governments.Encourage them to support programs that
14、help ensure that no child goes hungry.Start a letter-writing campaign at school to tell government officials what you think.We have the resources to make sure that children like Mario never go hungry again.We just need the will to make it happen.Dont Waste Food!About 40 percent of food in the United
15、 States is thrown away.The average family of four wastes about$1,500 worth of food,or two million calories,each year.The Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)and USDA have set a goal of reducing food waste by 50 percent by 2030.If you waste food,how might you waste less?4The Invisible EpidemicIts the
16、 last day of school!Everyone is excited about the long summer breakeveryone except a boy named Mario.He slumps in his chair with his head on his desk.His stomach rumbles.The only food hes had today is the school lunch,and he knows the cabinets at home are empty.His mom works two jobs,but by the end
17、of the month they always run out of money for food.He sighs,thinking of the long summer ahead.Like Mario,millions of American children go hungry every day.According to the United States Department of Agriculture(USDA),48.1 million Americans lived in“food insecure”households in 2014.This means they d
18、id not always have access to enough food for everyone living there.Of these Americans,15.3 million were children.That means about one in five children in the United States were food insecure.17What Can I Do?If you have a family garden,you can donate extra produce to a local food pantryor plant an ex
19、tra patch of vegetables to donate!You can also donate part of your allowance and encourage others to do the same.Kids in Loudoun County,Virginia,came up with a plan to allow kids to donate a dime to the food bank each time they bought lunch.Encourage a school campaign to buy products to support food
20、 banks or work with a local company to raise funds for a local food bank.Map the Meal GapUse this map to compare rates of hunger within your state.Next,compare your state and region with others.Where is the percentage of food insecurity highest?Lowest?414%1519%2024%2529%30%+Food Insecurity RatesHung
21、ry Right Here?Level Z15Hunger brings pain and stress.The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)has found that children who dont get enough to eat have more health problems and miss more school than those who do get enough to eat.When food-insecure kids are in school,they have a harder time
22、concentrating and learning.Hunger makes children tired,so they dont get enough exercise.Hunger also has long-term effects.Children grow fast,and their brains develop rapidly at a young age.Too little food slows both their physical and mental development.Many of these children never catch up.The Unit
23、ed States grows and exports millions of pounds of food,and the government has programs to help people who cant afford food.Yet there is an epidemic of hunger in the United States.Why?Why People Cant Afford FoodBad things can happen to anyone.A factory closes and a parent loses a job.A guardian gets
24、sick and cant work.A single mom must stay home to take care of an aging parent or sick child.When families lose incomeor dont have enough to begin withthey often have to make tough choices.Sometimes they must choose to either pay the bills or eat.Hungry Right Here?Level Z116Now in fourth grade,Willi
25、am still holds an annual fund-raiser.In 2016,he enlisted and organized 171 volunteers to collect donations at ten grocery stores.Donations provided eleven thousand meals to regional children.In 2017,he hopes to expand throughout the state of North Carolina.William,a swimmer and Cub Scout,says,“Im ju
26、st an involved,regular kid.Any kid can make a difference if they want to.Its just whether they want to or not.”“Im just an involved,regular kid.Any kid can make a difference if they want to.Its just whether they want to or not.”William collected 8,100 pounds(3,674 kg)of food for BackPack Buddies in
27、2016.6Millions of Americans work full time and are still food insecure.Since the 1950s,the rising costs of housing,medical care,and food have outstripped most peoples wages.The federal government has set the minimum wage at$7.25 an hour,or$15,080 a year for a full-time job,but many minimum-wage jobs
28、 hire only part-time employees in order to avoid paying benefits such as health insurance.After paying taxes and insurance,even those who have higher-paying jobs can get into trouble.USDA figures show that more than 60 percent of adults receiving food assistance are women.According to the National W
29、omens Law Center,women are more than twice as likely as men to work in low-paying jobsand even when they do the same job as a man,are likely to be paid less for doing it.In 2015,the Institute for Womens Policy Research found that women made seventy-nine cents for every dollar made by men for full-ti
30、me work.Yet the U.S.Census shows that more than 80 percent of single parents caring for children are women,and they are twice as likely to live in poverty as single fathers caring for children.Thats doubly unfortunate,because when mothers are living in poverty,their children often are,too.15Sam Adam
31、o played his cello at a local farmers market and collected$700 for his local food bank in Rhode Island.Carson Pazdan used his love of cooking and created a cookbook for and by kids.The cookbook sales raised more than$20,000 for the Northern Illinois Food Bank.Nine-year-old Macy Stewart distributed e
32、mpty bags in her school and asked classmates to fill them for St.Marys Food Bank.She collected 844 pounds(383 kg)of food.When seven-year-old William Winslow realized that kids in Wake County,North Carolina,would not have food over spring break,he asked a local Mexican restaurant to team up with him.
33、The restaurant gave free cheese dip to customers who brought in foods for BackPack Buddies,a program that sends meals home on weekends for students in need.Then William asked a local grocery store to let him stand outside and tell people about the program.In only one weekend,he collected 1,400 pound
34、s (635 kg)of food and$305 in cash donations.His donation sent extra food home over spring break.Do You Know?St.Marys Food Bank in Surprise,Arizona,is the worlds first food bank.It was founded in 1967.Hungry Right Here?Level Z17How Food Assistance WorksFederal food assistance began as a way for the g
35、overnment to help farmers during the Great Depression.Starting in 1933,the USDA bought farmers surplus crops and distributed them to those in need.In 1939,the government began issuing actual stamps that people used to buy surplus food.By 1964,the program allowed people to buy any type of food,not ju
36、st surplus.In 2008,the Food Stamp Program was renamed the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program(SNAP)to reflect the programs new emphasis on nutrition.During the Great Depression,the government gave out surplus food to help feed hungry Americans.Hungry Right Here?Level Z114Kids Can Make a Differ
37、enceIn addition to food stamps and food banks,individual kids like you can help.Students in Concord,New Hampshire,hosted a“hunger banquet”for their parents.The“cost”to attend the banquet was canned food for the food pantry.A sixth-grade class in Bellingham,Massachusetts,made an award-winning video a
38、bout hunger to raise awareness in its community.Other students have raised money for food banks through bake sales,art sales,car washes,walk-a-thons,read-a-thons,and other fund-raising activities.Volunteers prepare meals at the Central Kitchen in Washington,D.C.The kitchen prepares 4,500 meals every
39、 day for homeless shelters,soup kitchens,and other programs.8In 2014,nearly two-thirds of SNAP recipients were children,elderly,or disabled.Who Receives SNAP Benefits?44%children20%elderly/disabled36%other adultsSource:Center on Budget and Policy PrioritiesTo decide whether or not people should get
40、food stamps,the federal government evaluates their income.In 2016,if a family of two earned$15,936 a year,they were living at what the government calls the poverty level.That means a single parent who works full-time for minimum wage(earning$15,080 a year)and his or her child both live in poverty.In
41、 2015,SNAP helped more than forty-five million Americans.The average monthly food stamp benefit is less than$5.00 a day.13Feeding America,the largest nonprofit organization helping American families,has more than two hundred food banks and sixty thousand food pantries that feed about twelve million
42、kids each year.However,charities account for less than 6 percent of the food assistance in the United States.As costs rise,wages stay the same,and federal food programs are cut,these organizations are finding that they cannot meet the needs of hungry people.They often run out of food and have to tur
43、n families away.A mother and her children plant tomatoes in a middle-school garden in Colorado.They plan to donate their produce to a local food bank.Do You Know?The nonprofit organization AmpleHarvest.org connects more than 7,500 food charities with gardens that want to donate produce.Hungry Right
44、Here?Level Z19Another federal program,the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women,Infants,and Children(WIC),helps pregnant women and children under the age of five.WIC provides specific nutritious foods such as milk,baby formula,and baby food.For more than thirty million children,the Nation
45、al School Lunch Program(NSLP)also provides free or reduced-cost lunches at public schools to low-income families.With the urging of First Lady Michelle Obama,Congress passed the Healthy,Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010.The government increased funding for NSLP and,for the first time in thirty years,set
46、new standards for nutrition.Children eat free lunch at an Oregon school.Some low-income schools receive federal funding to provide free breakfast and lunch for all their students.Hungry Right Here?Level Z112Filling the GapWhen government funding is not enough to meet the needs of hungry Americans,lo
47、cal food programs help fill the gap.Food banks in every state collect food from growers,restaurants,and grocery stores to distribute to charities,such as food pantries and soup kitchens,that serve the public.Food banks often provide canned or other nonperishable foods because storing fresh produce,f
48、or instance,is difficult.For low-income people,the nutritional gap can sometimes be filled by community gardens.Here,people plant,care for,and harvest produce to use at home or share with the community.There are more than eighteen thousand community gardens in the United States and Canada,and many g
49、row vegetables for their local food banks.Even food not grown for food banks sometimes makes its way there if growers have extra.Food DesertsHigh-poverty areas are often“food deserts”places not served by large grocery stores.Some are in inner cities where stores have closed.Others are in rural areas
50、 with small populations.People in these areas often cant afford to travel ten or fifteen miles to buy groceries,so they buy basic food at small,local stores.Prices are generally higher,and small stores often dont carry nutritious foods like quality meat or fresh produce.10The Politics of HungerWhile