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1、JapanA Reading AZ Level T Leveled BookWord Count:1,053Visit www.readinga- for thousands of books and materials.Evaluate:How do the Japanese make the most of the land and waters around them?Analyze:Why do you think many Japanese people begin a new year by cleaning their homes and paying any debts?Dis
2、cussion Questionswww.readinga-LEVELED BOOK TLEVELED BOOK TJapanWritten by Susan Lightwww.readinga-Written by Susan LightJapan16Glossarycraters(n.)a hole in the ground caused by an explosion or impact(p 9)electronics(n.)devices with many small parts that run on electricity(p 6)futons(n.)thin cushions
3、 or mattresses used on the floor or in a bed,couch,or chair(p 7)imperial(adj.)having to do with royalty or an absolute ruler of an empire(p 5)kimonos(n.)Japanese robes or gowns,often worn for formal occasions(p 12)shogun(n.)military ruler in ancient Japan(p 11)tremors(n.)shaking or trembling of the
4、ground,often before or after an earthquake(p 9)tatami(n.)floor covering made from ricestraw(p 7)tsunami(n.)a large,destructive ocean wave caused by an underwater earthquake,landslide,or volcanic eruption(p 9)16JapanCountries Around the World Level T Leveled Book Learning AZWritten by Susan LightAll
5、rights reserved.www.readinga-Photo Credits:Front cover,back cover:Henrik Andersen/Hemera/Thinkstock;title page:kojihirano/iStock/Thinkstock;page 3:Sean Pavone/D;page 5:vichie81/iStock/Thinkstock;page 6:TWPhoto/Corbis;page 7:Ryan McVay/Digital Vision/Thinkstock;page 10:Tetra Images/Corbis;page 11:var
6、andah/123RF;page 12:Todd Keith/iStock/Thinkstock;page 13(left):zhekos/iStock/Thinkstock;page 13(top right):Cameron Ayn Photography/iStock/Thinkstock;page 13(bottom right):Jupiterimages/Stockbyte/Thinkstock;pages 14,15(main):imageBROKER/Alamy;page 15(inset):asafta/iStock/ThinkstockFront and back cove
7、r:In the spring,beautiful cherry trees bloom across Japan.Title page:Many of Japans mountains are very steep and rugged.They are covered with rock formations.Page 3:Shoppers walk through Narita,an old town in Japan.CorrelationLEVEL TP3838Fountas&PinnellReading RecoveryDRA15JapanPopulation:127,250,00
8、0Land:364,485 sq km(226,480 sq.mi.)Capital City:TokyoPrimary Language:JapanesePrimary Religions:Shintoism,BuddhismCurrency:YenSource:Central Intelligence Agency(July 2014),World BankJapan Level T153Table of ContentsWhere Is It?4People 6Land 8History 10Celebrations 12Food 13Conclusion 14Glossary 16Ja
9、pan Level T14ConclusionJapan is a small,ancient island country covered with rugged mountains Yet it includes bustling cities filled with millions of people Although the land shakes with earthquakes and volcanoes erupt often,Japans people continue to thrive They make the most of the land and waters a
10、round themOver thousands of years,Japan has gained ideas from its neighbors in Asia as well as developed its own traditions In Japan,respect for ancient traditions and advances in new technology are found side by side One tradition in Japan is the tea ceremony,in which people follow certain rules fo
11、r serving tea to guests.4Where Is It?Japan is a string of islands just off the east coast of Asia in the Pacific Ocean It stretches more than 2,400 km(1,500 mi)in length Between Japan and Asia lies the Sea of Japan,also known as the East Sea Japans neighbors in Asia include China,North and South Kor
12、ea,and RussiaJapan includes four main islands and thousands of smaller islands The largest island is Honshu(HON-shoo),which includes Japans biggest cities In fact,more than 80 percent of Japans population lives on HonshuTokyoRussiaChinaSouth KoreaNorth KoreaJapanJapanASIASEA OF JAPAN(East Sea)PACIFI
13、C OCEANJapanYELLOW SEA13FoodJapan grows most of its own rice,which is a staple of the Japanese diet It is a main part of most meals Japanese people also rely on the surrounding ocean for food They include fish and other seafood in many meals In cities,a type of fast food called sushi(SOO-shee),made
14、with raw fish,is popularMany Japanese people believe that food should look as good as it tastes Meals are typically served as several different small dishes,such as soups,noodles or dumplingsnoodlessushidumplingsJapan Level T5The capital city of Japan,Tokyo(TOH-kee-yoh),is on Honshu More than thirty
15、-two million people live and work in Tokyo Despite its modern skyscrapers,Tokyo is over four hundred years old At first,it was a fishing village Gradually,it grew to become a major city in Japan Today,Tokyo is a crowded,bustling center for international trade and businessAt the heart of Tokyo is the
16、 Imperial Palace,the home of the Japanese emperor The city is also Japans major center for culture It includes all types of museums,beautiful parks and gardens,zoos,and theaters Tokyo is located at the head of Tokyo Bay on the Pacific coast of Japan.Japan Level T12CelebrationsOne of the most importa
17、nt holidays in Japan is the New Year During this week-long celebration,its a common Japanese practice to clean the house and pay any money owed to others People also send good luck cards to each other Children receive special toys,such as kites and spinning tops On New Years Day,people often dress i
18、n traditional kimonos and eat special foods prepared only for the New Year,such as pounded rice cakesTraditional kimonos are often worn on holidays in Japan,including New Years.6PeopleMore than 127 million people live in Japan,with four out of every five people living in urban areas Their main langu
19、age is Japanese Many people who live in cities work in banks,restaurants,hospitals,and other service industries Others work in factories,producing high-tech products such as motor vehicles,cell phones,computers,and televisions In fact,Japan is one of the worlds leading producers of electronics In ci
20、ties along the coast,people work in huge harbors as part of Japans large fishing industry The country runs one of the biggest fleets of fishing ships in the world Because Japans cities are so crowded,many people live in tall apartment buildings However,people live in houses and smaller apartment bui
21、ldings in the suburbs Japans high-tech industries grew very quickly in the 1960s and 1970s.11Japans history is full of conflict over land and power For more than two thousand years,people from the same imperial family have served as emperors for Japan In the twelfth century,a Japanese warrior took c
22、ontrol of the country after a battle He was the first shogun,or military king Japan was then ruled by shoguns for more than six hundred years They allowed the imperial family to serve as emperors,even though they had little power This was also the time of the samurai(SA-muh-rye),or fierce warriors w
23、ho followed a strict code of honor The samurai were known as brave and skilled fighters In the nineteenth century,Japan became a democracy,in which people elected leaders to the Japanese parliament However,Japan still has an emperorThe Japanese emperor and his family still live in the Imperial Palac
24、e in Tokyo.Japan Level T7In some Japanese homes,the floors are covered with thick rice-straw mats called tatami(tah-TAH-mee)It is a Japanese custom to take ones shoes off when entering a home Many Japanese sit on the tatami mats to eat Some people sleep on thin beds called futons(FOO-tahnz)that are
25、rolled out on top of the floor The rooms in some homes are divided by paper or bamboo screens instead of wallsA traditional dining table in Japan is low to the floor so people can sit around it.Japan Level T10HistoryThe Japanese call their country Nippon,which means“suns origin”They once believed th
26、at Japan was the first place on which the suns rays shone It is also called the“Land of the Rising Sun”The country is thousands of years old and was highly influenced by its neighbors,the Chinese Some historians think the Japanese learned to grow their staple crop,rice,from the Chinese Japanese writ
27、ing has also borrowed many characters from Chinese writingCharacters borrowed from Chinese writing are called kanji(KAHN-jee).Japanese Kanjifiremountainrain8LandJapan is a rugged country filled with tall mountains and surrounded by water In fact,most of Japan is covered with mountains As a result,mo
28、st of Japans large cities are near the flat areas of land along the coasts The country is located in one of the most geologically unstable areas in the world People in Japan live in the shadow of more than seventy active volcanoes The most famous volcano in Japan is Mount Fuji,which has not erupted
29、in many years Izu ArchipelogoTokyoJapanShikokuHonshuSEA OF JAPAN(East Sea)PACIFIC OCEANJapans LandformsKyushuMount FujiHokkaidoHidakaMts.Kyushu Mts.Shikoku Mts.Chugoku Mts.JapaneseAlpsOu Mts.KyushuRyukyu Islands9Fast-flowing rivers run through the mountains of Japan Lakes have formed both near the o
30、cean and in volcanic craters in the mountains The Japanese also live under the threat of frequent earthquakes,with more than one thousand tremors occurring every year An earthquake along the ocean floor can create a tsunami(tsoo-NAH-mee)Tsunami means“harbor wave”in Japanese A tsunami is an enormous
31、ocean wave that may cause great destruction when it hits land A large tsunami hit Japan in 2011 and it will take years for the country to fully recover Japan has four seasons,with a range in temperatures similar to those along the east coast of the United States The average temperatures may drop as low as-4C(25F)in the winter,to a high of 26C(80F)in the summer The climate varies widely,with cooler temperatures in the north and warmer temperatures in the southJapan Level T